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Implementation of flood warning systems and community self-help programs is one of the most effective way to mitigate the flash flood risk. In many instances, these are the only affordable and sustainable management approaches. Due to the specific space and time scales of occurrence, flash floods provide a challenge to conventional flood forecasting systems. Recent advances in hydrological methodologies for flash flood forecasting and warning are reviewed, with a focus on i) diagnostic methods, which aims to quickly assess localised flash flood potential within a large area, and ii) distributed hydrological models and their application for forecasting purposes in small ungauged basins.