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During the last few years, food addiction (FA) increased its popularity both in clinical and research practice. To date, the gold standard for the assessment of FA is the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (YFAS2.0) - that conceptualizes FA as a substance-related and addictive disorder (SRAD), according to the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria. Despite an intensive worldwide use across heterogeneous populations, to date, no studies assessed the factorial validity and measurement invariance (MI) of the YFAS2.0 across samples that filled out the questionnaire with different assessment methods. The present study aimed to: extend evidence of YFAS2.0 factorial validity and explore its MI across four different groups. Participants (N = 470) completed the Italian YFAS2.0. Participants were grouped on the basis of their recruitment (inpatients with severe obesity vs. the general population) and the assessment methodologies ('paper and pencil' assessment vs. 'online' assessment). The CFA showed good fit indexes for the overall sample as well as for each of the different groups. Also, configural, metric, and strong invariance were achieved across the four groups. Findings suggested that the Italian YFAS2.0 can be considered a good psychometrically-based and structural invariant instrument for the assessment of FA in different samples and across different methods of assessment.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Pervasive Computing Paradigms for Mental Health, MindCare 2015, held in Milan, Italy, in September 2015. The 23 full papers and 6 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 40 submissions. The papers deal with the use of technologies in favor of maintaining and improving mental wellbeing. They focus on building new computing paradigms and on addressing a multitude of challenges in mental healthcare, for example in psychiatric and psychological domains with emphasis on new technologies, such as video and audio technologies and mobile and wearable computing.

We propose a methodology to identify and resolve protein-related abbreviations found in the full texts of scientific papers, as part of a semi-automatic process implemented in our PRAISED framework. The identification of biological acronyms is carried out via an effective syntactical approach, by taking advantage of lexical clues and using mostly domain-independent metrics, resulting in considerably high levels of recall as well as extremely low execution time. The subsequent abbreviation resolution uses both syntactical and semantic criteria in order to match an abbreviation with its potential explanation, as discovered among a number of contiguous words proportional to the abbreviation's length. We have tested our system against the Medstract Gold Standard corpus and a relevant set of manually annotated PubMed papers, obtaining significant results and high performance levels, while at the same time allowing for great customization, lightness and scalability. © 2011 Springer-Verlag.

This essay focuses on the imagery displayed in five feather mitres crafted in Mexico in the sixteenth century.

The present paper focuses on how the use of ELP can improve student ability to self-assess linguistic competence, and while being tested to evaluate linguistic performance. Central to the ELP is the concept of self-assessment; in the Passport learners are asked to assess their own proficiency; in the Bibliography they are given useful hints to set goals, which will enable them to assess regularly their own progress; in the Dossier they are demanded to select relevant material to document and illustrate achievements and experiences. The increased attention to learner- centred curriculum, needs analysis and learner autonomy, have proved importance of self- assessment in testing and assessment. But do learners have the ability to provide a valid contribution to the assessment of their performance= If yes, how do they proceed in this steep pathway? They certainly do, but they need some proper planning and monitoring, some concrete help, and what better than interaction and collaboration with their teachers through Portfolio? As pointed out by David Little and Radka Perclovà in the ELP guide for teachers and teacher trainers, introducing learners to self-assessment should be done gradually. Teachers must contribute to shape the student learning process, guiding and supporting learners from self-direction towards thoughtful evaluation. To be able to validly assess themselves, learners need to do it regularly and methodically, which means to check how they are performing in the learning process, what they can do and how well they can do it, and to know exactly what they are supposed to assess. The aim of this paper is first to discuss how teacher-learner interaction perspective, based on sharing and negotiating learning objectives, can emphasize the relevance of self-assessment, developing formative assessment, as a moment of self-reflection, useful to process motivation and autonomy. Secondly, I will direct my attention to how learner responsibility will be incre

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The paper aims to investigate the role played by the concept of Völkerrecht in Kant’s public right. The first part of the paper provides the sketch of an overview concerning the origin of the expression Völkerrecht. The goal of this brief reconstruction is to outline the reasons why this German technical expression has survived in the juridical domain, without absorbing the tendency to speak of an “international right”. This serves as a premise to properly assess the relevance of Kant’s claim on the necessity of at least bearing in mind the distinction between Völkerrecht and Staatenrecht, from which our analysis departs. The second part illustrates and tries to clarify some potential misunderstandings concerning the possibility of pairing the departure of human beings and States from the state of nature. This methodological clarification allows us to understand the reasons why the acknowledgment of States as juridical subjects represents a crucial assumption in order to appraise the peculiar characters of Kant’s cosmopolitan right, which in no way can be reduced to the framework of international right. The leading hypothesis is that a proper understanding of the meaning and value of a right regulating the relationships between States enables a richer assessment of cosmopolitan right, which is the further and final step of Kant’s public right.

In life, the emperor Domitian (81-96 CE) marketed himself as a god; after his assassination he was condemned to be forgotten. Nonetheless he oversaw a literary, cultural, and monumental revival on a scale not witnessed since Rome’s first emperor, Augustus. In tandem with an exhibition in the Rijksmuseum van Oudheden in Leiden and the Mercati Traianei in Rome, planned for 2021-2022, this volume offers a fresh perspective on Domitian and his reign. This collection of papers, produced by a group of international scholars, gives a holistic and interdisciplinary approach to the emperor and his works that begins with an overview of Rome and its imperial system and ends with a reappraisal of Domitian and his legacy. The subject of memory sanctions after his death, Domitian’s reputation has suffered as a result of the negative press he received both in antiquity and thereafter. Building upon recent scholarship that has sought to re-evaluate the last of the Flavian emperors, the papers in this volume present the latest research on Domitian’s building programmes and military exploits as well as the literary sources produced during and after his reign, all of which paint a picture of an emperor who – despite being loathed by Rome’s elite – did much to shape the landscape of Rome as we know it today.

This paper presents a contrastive analysis of German and Italian phonetics and phonology at all levels of oral production, i.e. the segmental, the intersegmental and the suprasegmental level. It further discusses the relevance of prosody in relation with the so- called “foreign accent”, considering both its appearance and its fossilization in L2 German acquisition by Italian speakers. Finally, the paper presents a prosody-centred method for efficient phonetic training addressed to Italian learners of German. Prosodic aspects – spe- cifically, pauses, intonation contours and accents – consciously used as a means for acqui- ring L2 pronunciation lead to correct L2 perception and production at all phonetic levels.

At the end of the nineteenth century hygiene became an important issue in Italy. The hygiene movement had a clear Positivistic stamp and was connected with Masonry. It carried out, aside the medical fight against contagious diseases, a vast popular campaign to educate people to hygienic themes. Hygiene and manners were tightly connected, in the effort of ameliorating the ‘degenerated’ poor Italians. School was gradually invested by this aim, in a double aspect. On one side, school buildings and environment had to promote health instead of diffusing illnesses. On the other side, hygiene had to be taught to children. The paper follows how hygiene became a subject, with 1894 elementary school programmes and 1905 ones, which introduced a public dimension aside personal hygiene. The 1923 programmes were written by G. Lombardo Radice, foremost educationalist, who curved the subject in a practical way. Fascism highlighted public hygiene and the regime efforts, connecting personal health and fitness to the strength and military power of the State. The paper examines textbooks for pupils and for teachers, highlighting how hygiene was taught, also with examples from school-exercise books and teachers’ diaries. The subject was always gendered, reserving to girls and woman children’s and house cleaning and to boys and men work hygiene. Doctors and paediatricians transmitted hygienic culture from the middle class to the popular classes and particularly to mothers. The teaching of hygiene assumed characters of body but also mind discipline that exceeded the aims of hygiene and intertwined with pedagogy and political ideology. In the programmes of democratic Italy, in 1945, Lombardo Radice’s pedagogical stamp was revived, aside Dewey’s attention to pupils’ personal research. In 1955 programmes hygiene disappeared: many medical battles were won, against contagious diseases, against infant mortality, and Progressive education did not accept a strong discipline and control on childre

Discussion forums are popular tools in Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), used by students to express feelings, exchange ideas, and ask for help. Unfortunately, the huge number of enrolled students hinders educational scaffolding activities, including the active participation of instructors in discussion forums. Therefore, students seeking to clarify the concepts learned may not receive the answers they need, reducing engagement and promoting dropout. This work presents a methodology for supporting learners within discussion forums, by analyzing conversations among students and providing them with recommendations in terms of relevant learning resources. The methodology involves several steps: the initial definition of an ontology that details the topics of the course, the real-time analysis of student posts within the discussion forums to extract different attributes including intent of the post, the concepts it is about, the sentiment, and the level of urgency and confusion. The extracted information is then used by a rules-based mechanism to assess whether the learner needs a recommendation. If so, the system suggests the most suitable learning resources. The paper also includes an initial evaluation of the proposed methodology.

In this paper we introduce some logical and philosophical refinements to OntoClean, first by developing some formal constraints on identity criteria, secondly by specifying a kind of identity criteria, two level identity criteria, whose role is to explain an identity among some entities referring to some other, more basic, entities. Using such refinement we add a formal constraint to the stock of OntoClean meta-constraints (OC+). We, then, observe that two level identity criteria have an intuitive reading in terms of dependence of a kind of entities on some other entities, possibly specified in terms of a grounding relation. Are identity criteria grounding principles? In the second part of the paper we discuss this option.

New developments in the field of technology have led to the use of scanners in order to obtain anthropometric measurements. As a matter of fact, anthropometry finds its roots in the seventeenth century, currently its usage has been strengthened by the employment of scanners. 3D whole-body scanners allow to collect reliable data and to visualise the exact human body shape. Thus, this paper aims at exploring the combination of these topics, anthropometry and scan, through an innovative tool, the scientometrics analysis. This technique provides a clear overview of the existing literature in the field investigated. In our study we examined 1’652 papers from the Web of Science Core Collection database. Network analyses have shown an interesting scenario, emphasising the research evolution over time. Specifically, endocrinology and metabolism emerged as the most active publication domains. Accordingly, the two most high-impact journals and the most cited paper regard nutrition issues and metabolic risk factors respectively. However, the predominance of the USA for number of publications has not been confirmed by the institution’s analysis, which has shown the University of Copenhagen as the most influential one. On the other hand, Yumei Zhang currently appears as the main authority in the field and Leslie G. Farkas as the most influential author over the entire time span analysed. The relevant implications of the findings are discussed in terms of future research lines.

In the first part of this paper, the essential elements of the operational model of family group conferences will be presented. We will start from the idea that this model enhances the empowerment and participation of families in decision-making processes even within coercive institutional contexts, such as that of child protection. In the second part of the paper, the Family Group Conferences model will be analysed in light of some theoretical and methodological reference principles of Relational Social Work, and we will attempt to highlight if and to what extent Family Group Conferences can be considered an operating relational model.

The paper introduces the project of the Index Thomisticus Treebank (IT-TB). The IT-TB is a dependency-based treebank based on the corpus of the Index Thomisticus by father Roberto Busa (IT), which includes the opera omnia of Thomas Aquinas, for a total of approximately 11 million words. Currently, the IT-TB is the largest Latin treebank available, with more than 350,000 nodes in around 17,000 sentences. The annotation covers the entire books 1, 2 and 3 of Summa contra Gentiles, plus excerpts from Scriptum super Sententiis Magistri Petri Lombardi and Summa Theologiae. The paper details the multi-layer annotation style of the IT-TB and its background theoretical motivations. The conversion process to the now widely used Universal Dependencies style is described as well. Across more than a decade, the proj- ect has developed a number of linguistic resources and NLP tools for Latin connected to the IT-TB. As for the resources, the paper presents the syntax- based subcategorization lexicon IT-VaLex and the valency lexicon Latin Vallex. As for the tools, the automatic dependency parsing process is de- scribed, highlighting the core issue of portability of NLP tools across the wide diachronic and diatopic span of Latin texts. A section is dedicated to auto- matic morphological analysis of Latin, introducing the analyzer Lemlat and its recent enhancement with information on derivational morphology and a new set of lexical entries covering a large Onomasticon (from Forcellini dic- tionary) and Medieval Latin (from Du Cange glossary).

This paper discusses German intonation and specifically pitch (F0) and pitch contour considering both functional (phonological) and formal (phonetic) aspects. Universal functional characteristics are put in relation with language-specific characteristics; the analysis is performed in a specific contrastive (here: German-Italian) perspective. The paper aims at showing the interaction between phonetic forms and phonological functions of German intonation and to point out similarities and differences between German and Italian. These are particularly relevant in intercultural communication between Gernman and Italian speakers and in GFL-courses in Italy.

The paper proposes a common etymology for Old Norse Njǫrðr, the name of a Norse god associated with travel and wealth, and Vedic Sanskrit Nā́satya-, a byname of the Indic “Divine Horse Twins,” the Aśvins. The current analysis of Njǫrðr as a cognate of the theonym Nerthus attested in Tacitus’s Germania is rejected as a pseudo-equation (Scheingleichung); Njǫrðr may rather be traced back to a Proto- Germanic formation *nezēþ- (whose acc. sg. *nezēþ-un would have regularly developed into the acc. sg. Njǫrð), the expected reflex of Proto- Indo-European *nes-ḗt-/-ét- ‘(entity or act of) returning (safely home), arriving (at the desired goal)’. PIE *nes-ḗt-/-ét- may ultimately underlie Vedic Nā́satya- as well, as the reflex of a substantivized lengthened-grade -i̯ó- derivative *nēset-i̯ó- ‘pertaining to the (entity or act of) returning (safely home), arriving (at the desired goal)’. The etymological connection between Njǫrðr and Nā́satya- is supported by phraseological and mythological correspondences (some already noticed by Dumézil) between the characterizations of Njǫrðr, the Aśvins, and other related IE characters (the Greek Dioskouroi and the Latvian “Sons of Dievs”), allowing for the reconstruction of an inherited mythological figure associated with—among other things—the idea of ‘returning safely home’ and/or ‘arriving at the desired goal’.

The need for specific skills and competencies evolves in response to environmental, social and organizational conditions. However, the model for certifying competence levels has remained almost unchanged for centuries: universities (and other institutions) verify and certify that a person has reached a certain level of knowledge and through a standalone solution. The output is often a signed and stamped document that undoubtedly contains limitations in the present international, multilingual and dynamic job market. Universities, educational institutions and consortiums are increasingly exploring how technologies enable and support innovative models of competence certification. In this paper, we investigate how blockchain technologies improve the certification system and generate added value for different involved actors: learners, educational institutions and businesses. An exploratory study is proposed to systematize the overall impacts of blockchain in the field of digital certification while focusing on university education as the main research field. We conducted a first set of interviews with key players of the two Italian universities that first adopted a blockchain certification system. The aim is to investigate, through different but complementary organizational theories, the value creation factors and conditions for the various actors in the blockchain-based competence certification ecosystem.

The legend of Agamemnon’s murder has been often reproposed and variated in ancient Greek theatre. This paper focuses on the role of Cassandra, with the aim of determining how it was involved in the plot and when a consideration for Clytemnestra’s jealousy developed. A lexical analysis of Aesch. Ag. 1438–1447 shows that the jealousy-theme lies beneath the scene, but the betrayal is not the main charge against Agamemnon. Euripides’ approach is different: Cassandra is self-aware of her responsibility in causing Agamemnon’s ruin (e.g. Tr. 356–360) and Clytemnestra points to Agamemnon’s infidelity as one of the main reasons for killing him (El. 1032–1040). Clytemnestra’s jealousy also belonged to another mythical plot, namely Nauplios’ revenge on the Atreides, and this subject was probably familiar to the 5th century tragedians. As a result of an increased focus on Clytemestra’s feelings, Lycophron combines all previous mythical accounts and defines her explicitly as ‘jealous’ (Alex. 1117).

Partendo dall’idea di museo come „luogo che media l'incontro fra culture“, il presente contributo indaga, in chiave sociolinguistica e in prospettiva sia sincronica che diacronica, le pratiche discorsive relative al complesso museale del „Vittoriale degli Italiani“ di Gardone Riviera. Attraverso l’analisi di documenti del passato (guide turistiche dagli anni Trenta fino ai giorni nostri) e delle odierne forme di comunicazione turistica via web (recensioni di viaggiatori sul portale TripAdvisor), lo studio intende ricostruire il modo con cui il Vittoriale è stato ed è oggi recepito, attraverso l’esperienza di fruizione diretta o mediata, dal mondo di lingua e cultura tedesca. Le modalità dialogiche e partecipative consentite dall’interazione nei media digitali lasciano intravedere nuovi sguardi (di viaggiatori tedeschi) sul Vittoriale e fanno emergere con particolare evidenza la necessità di un’adeguata traduzione (tedesca) della sua peculiare “italianità”., Starting from the idea of museum as „a mediating space between cultures“, the paper presents the results of a study focusing on the communicative practices on and around the Vittoriale degli Italiani, the museum complex commemorating Gabriele D’Annunzio’s life and work located in Gardone Riviera on the Lake of Garda. The analysis, based on diverse diachronic and synchronic textual data (tourist guides and travel blogs), takes a sociolinguistic approach in order to reconstruct the perception / evaluation of German tourists faced with the experience of visiting the Vittoriale. Considering the rich symbolic, partly controversial, historic-cultural value of this monumental site and the long-lasting, deep-rooted tradition of contact and exchange between the German culture and the Italian world – as specifically mirrored in the microcosmos represented by the Lacus Benacus –, the paper aims to explain how this particular ‘tourist gaze’ evolved over time reflecting the changing perception of Italy as a tourist destination and of the Italian culture as a whole.

Aim of this paper is to take the first steps in the study of the Schrodinger problem for lattice gases (SPLG), which we formulate relying on classical results in large deviations theory. Our main contributions are a dynamical characterization of optimizers through a coupled system of PDEs and a precise study of the evolution and convexity of the quasi-potential along Schrodinger bridges. In particular, our computations show that, although SPLG does not admit a variational interpretation through Otto calculus, the fundamental geometric properties of the classical Schrodinger problem for independent particles still admit a natural generalization. These observations motivate the development of a Riemannian calculus on the space of probability measures associated with the class of geodesic distances studied in [3]. All our computations are formal, further efforts are needed to turn them into rigorous results.

In this paper, we investigate how blockchain technologies improve the certification system and generate added value for different involved actors - learners, educational institutions, and businesses. An exploratory study is proposed to systematize the overall impacts of blockchain in the field of digital certification while focusing on university education as the main research area. We carried out a desk analysis, direct observation/focus groups and semi-structured interviews with key players of the two Italian universities which had first adopted certification and blockchain-based-certification systems. The aim is to understand the drivers and value generation conditions in the new scenario introduced by the development of DACS (Digital Academic Certification System) through insight into the relationships between actors in the ecosystem that characterize the different types of complementarities between actors and services before and after the introduction of blockchain-based platforms and the personal wallet containing titles and certifications. Three main findings arose from the study related to actors, ecosystem, and complementarities. The main theoretical contributions of this study is that it produces the first empirical evidence of the new Ecosystem Theory proposed by Jacobides et al. [1]. From the managerial perspective, this study contributes to better identify and debate the conditions and success factors unlocking value generation and benefits embedded in Digital Certification Ecosystems.

This chapter aims, first, to trace the advancement of resilience thinking in regional science and economic geography. Second, to highlight the achievements but also some shortcomings of past research on regional economic resilience, and third, to outline elements of a future research agenda suited to contemporary challenges. The in-depth analysis of the literature suggests, that much progress has been made in defining regional resilience and in identifying determinants. However, the paper proposes that future research may benefit greatly from diversifying the focus of empirical studies and incorporating socio-economic differences between urban and rural areas and urbanisation externalities into the analysis of regional resilience.

Emotions and feelings affect human existence in different ways. While we are subjected to our emotions in a way, we are nevertheless the subjects of our feelings. Receptivity or passivity, in affective experience, is always counterbalanced by responsivity and intentionality. In our time, emotionalism has taken the driving seat: the striving for ‘strong emotions’ that characterizes contemporary life is associated to a superficiality and inconsistency of feeling that impoverishes our interpersonal relationships and existential choices. Value-based judgment has therefore been replaced by taste-based judgement, and this has far-reaching consequences in existential, ethical and political terms. A sketch of the phenomenology of emotional life and some grounding principles for an affective education beyond psychologism and subjectivism are presented here. The aim of this paper is to help recognize the different levels of the emotional life (moods, emotions and feelings), in order to provide a deeper understanding of the nature of feeling and the task of education. Despite the contemporary emphasis on ‘emotional intelligence’ and the development of emotional skills (somehow conditioned however by a sort of economism of the emotional life), the essence of the ‘education of the heart’ remains obscured and neglected. Yet, educating the heart is the very core of Bildung, because it is responsible for the formation of one’s personality and moral character. Personal maturity coincides with the development of a person’s ability to feel the world and its requirements (values): a purpose that supposes the capacity to shift from self-centredness to self-transcendence.

As suggested by Holmes (1988), who situates translation criticism in the applied branch of translation studies, the evaluative analysis of translations can have a number of practical applications in the training of translators as well as in the practice and revision of translations. It is no coincidence that the move away from prescriptive and intuitive approaches primarily based on the identification of translation errors to more structured descriptive models that has characterised the history of translation criticism has been prompted by the need of translators and translation revisors themselves to have more systematic criteria at their disposal to evaluate the quality or effectiveness of translations (Baker and Saldanha 2009). This paper intends to briefly retrace the evolution of translation criticism by examining the critical thought on translation in the pre-scientific period (e.g. Jerome, king Alfred the Great, Dryden, Tytler) and the models developed in the scientific period of translation studies (e.g. Reiss, House, Berman, Meschonnic, Levý, Hewson) with the aim of showing their enormous potentials for the teaching of translation and the improvement of the translation competence of future translators and revisors

This essay examines developments in physical education teaching in Italian elementary schools across the first half of the twentieth century. Its research aim – identifying the views of the body that underpinned physical education in this historical context – is pursued by analysing government-defined curricula and a selection of the leading teacher’s manuals from the period. Such documentary material, which is framed by broader changes in the political-educational scene and in pedagogical discourse, sheds light on both the aims of physical education and, primarily, the methodological approaches informing how it was taught. The paper does not abandon traditional perspectives within educational historiography, but – at the same time – explores one of the discipline’s more recent interests, which concerns the dual – material and metaphorical – meaning attributed to the body. Thus, the preliminary outcomes summed up here may offer a stimulating point of departure for those interested in teasing out the relative weight ascribed, in the teaching of physical education, to the body’s objective dimension, to be disciplined from a functional perspective, and its subjective dimension, representing its expressive potential.

In the secolf half othe 17th century, Jansenist scholars show a particular interest in Origen's biography, despite Cornelius Jansen's severe judgment on the Alexandrian theologian and his doctrines given in the Augustinus. While Louis-Sébastien Le Nain de Tillemont devotes to Origen some pages of his 'Mémoires pour servir à l'histoire ecclésiastique', Pierre-Thomas du Fossé writes a monograph: the 'Histoire de Tertullien et d'Origène' (1675). This paper analyses the reasons behind this particular interest in Origen through an examination of the controversies surrounding Jansenism, taking into account the wider theological context. It also examines the strategies used by du Fossé to deliver to their contemporaries the portrait of an 'unjustly persecuted' Origen.

The debate on teacher education tends to focus on current phenomena and situations that may be most clearly understood and assessed when we are informed by a thorough background knowledge of past events.1 Hence the value of looking back at the origins of teacher training, which predate the unification of Italy, and particularly the – then avantgarde – legislation introduced by the Austrian Habsburg Monarchy in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries and its implementation in the Italian territories. In this paper, I offer a brief outline of the main lines of development under the Habsburgs in the training of elementary school and ginnasio teachers respectively, analysing the differences between them, their relative strengths and weaknesses, and how in some respects they strikingly prefigured key themes in contemporary teacher education.

The paper explores the potential of a functionalist approach in interlingual translations of literary texts. The theoretical perspective is provided by Christiane Nord’s introduction to the theory and methodology of translation-oriented ST analysis. The viewpoint refers to the concept of translation as an action, that is, as an intercultural communicative act with the ST functioning as an offer of information, and with which the translator must always reckon. The paper describes the main steps of the translation process as formulated in Nord’s model, by illustrating the linguistic choices of the Italian translation of poems by German-Swiss writer Werner Lutz. Lutz’s poetic language is examined through the presentation of the main translation problems as outlined by Nord. Focus is on the intra-textual factors of the ST, specifically on lexis (word creations) and (cultural) presuppositions, which thoroughly engage and challenge the Italian translator.

The faithful reconstruction of an unknown object from projections, i.e., from measurements of its density function along a finite set of discrete directions, is a challenging task. Some theoretical results prevent, in general, both to perform the reconstruction sufficiently fast, and, even worse, to be sure to obtain, as output, the unknown starting object. In order to reduce the number of possible solutions, one tries to exploit some a priori knowledge. In the present paper we assume to know the size of a lattice grid $\mathcal{A}$ containing the object to be reconstructed. Instead of looking for uniqueness in the whole grid $\mathcal{A}$, we want to address the problem from a \textit{local} point of view. More precisely, given a limited number of directions, we aim in showing, first of all, which is the subregion of $\mathcal{A}$ where pixels are uniquely reconstructible, and then in finding where the reconstruction can be performed quickly (in linear time). In previous works we have characterized the shape of the region of uniqueness (ROU) for any pair of directions. In this paper we show that the results can be extended to special sets of three directions, by splitting them in three different pairs. Moreover, we show that such a procedure cannot be employed for general triples of directions. We also provide applications concerning the obtained characterization of the ROU, and further experiments which underline some regularities in the shape of the ROU corresponding to sets of three not-yet-considered directions.

The paper focuses on the concept of sustainability in tourism and investigates sustainability-oriented strategies at work in German and Italian green hotels from both a linguistic and cultural perspective. Drawing on the results of a pragmatic analysis of PR texts from hotel websites and customer reviews from online evaluation portals, it outlines upcoming challenges in the field of sustainable tourism and discusses possible approaches for effective communication in the German and Italian hospitality industry.

This paper offers a literature investigation on Organizational Learning processes stemming from Organizational Change initiatives. This interest arose from a previous study [1] on the development of an automated parcel sorting system in a major company in the logistic and parcel delivery industry.

Since their origins, social media have been used by people belonging to different generations. The paper will describe how different generations use social media and is based on a review of literature and research projects. Observing social media users from a generational point of view allows to understand the different imaginations, interpretations of the platforms that each generation has developed and which often translate into different uses and processes of mutual adaptation. Furthermore, the generational post of view allows to understand how social media are used as a stage on which different generational identities are expressed and challenged through new forms of generational narratives. Narratives that allow generations to co-built each other through mutual representations.

‘Gloria Dei vivens homo, vita autem hominis visio Dei!’ (Irenaeus 1965: 248. 20, 7). This famous and magnificent synthesis is the core of the present paper which aims to examine a fascinating analogy between the recent astronomical discovery concerning Gravitational Waves produced by the merger of two neutron stars (the event could be observed on August the 17th 2017 in the LIGO and Virgo Gravitational Interferometers and it was identified as GW170817), and the relation between God and Man in the Christian faith. The analogy is audacious but it seems to be extremely interesting. Is nature itself pointing beyond nature? We’ll try to walk inside a possible reading of nature as a continuous Creation/calling in which the Creator and Father Himself invites His children to search and dialogue with Him according to God’s dimension of Logos in Jesus Christ. The truth can never contradict the Truth, because everything around us, that is the whole Creation, speaks the same language of an incredible history of Love!

The strong integration triggered by the adoption of Enterprise Resource Planning Systems (ERPs) impacts many processes and tasks; more specifically, the way accounting data are collected, elaborated, communicated and used often changes even dramatically when an ERP system is adopted. This design-oriented paper stems from multi-year didactic experiences in the Italian context, where the Business Economics courses still poorly take into account the emerging educational needs stemming from this scenario: in most Italian universities, in fact, subjects such as accounting, administration, controlling and auditing are taught according to traditional approaches, which tend to see these activities as scarcely integrated with the operations, on the one side, and with the strategic management processes, on the other side. In other words, ERPs, despite their nature of integrated Accounting Information Systems (AIS), are often considered as a “subject for engineers” and, as a consequence, Italian companies have difficulties in finding economics graduates capable of an up-to-date, integrated view of accounting and administration issues. This paper proposes a framework for innovating the educational strategies for basic and advanced courses related to accounting, administration, controlling and auditing, in order to fill the identified gap between real-world demand and higher education supply in this context.

This paper focuses on the pivotal role of Design Claims in scientific research. In fact, Design Claims link the adoption and/or use of a specific artifact (for example, a procedure, or a belief) to measurable and relevant effects. By doing so, Design Claims continuously spot gaps in theory, and then force to scientific advancements. This paper suggests that the dramatic lack of Design Claims (and consequently of Normative Claims) in Organization Studies not only results in lack of relevance, but also deprives our discipline of the beneficial epistemological interplay that should take place between design, normative and descriptive statements. This epistemological teamwork, where present, results in a “mirroring effect” that makes other fields of studies, such as Medicine, viable and relevant. Models and frameworks developed in Organization Studies, on the contrary, often result in epistemological dead ends: once emanated, their specific influence in the real world is rarely object of further specific interest. It is just as if Medicine scholars, after developing a theory on a certain health issue, were not interested in measuring how the adoption of that specific theory in the world of practice performed. Some methodological suggestions are then provided, to encourage a stronger presence of Design Claims in both qualitative and quantitative Organization Studies research.

This paper describes features and outcomes of the Named Entity Recognition on Transcribed Broadcast News task at EVALITA 2011. This task represented a change with respect to previous editions of the NER task within the EVALITA evaluation campaign because it was based on automatic transcription of spoken broadcast news. In this paper, we present the training and test data used, the evaluation procedure and participants’ results. In particular, three participating systems are described and the results they obtained are discussed; special attention is given to the analysis of the impact of transcription errors on NER performance.

This paper makes an initial attempt to examine two product disclosure statements to ascertain what a typical consumer might understand, comprehend and learn from document. Through the use of insights and research in the fields of consumer behaviour and cognitive psychology, this paper provides an initial content analysis of these two PDS that takes into consideration a number of relevant theories (including processing capacity of the reader, framing, prospect theory, trust, branding, maintaining the status quo, the use of heuristics, expert opinion, and the optimism bias).

This paper presents the fundamental outlines of two conceptions of ontological frame. The first one connected to Kant's concept of possible object and the second one related to Leibniz’s. Leibniz maintains that the source of possibility is the mere logical consistency of the notions involved, so that possibility coincides with analytical possibility. Kant, instead, argues that consistency is only a necessary component of possibility. According to Kant, something is possible if there is a cause capable of bringing it into existence; to this end consistency alone is not sufficient. Thus, while the Leibnitian notion of consistency is at the root of the concept of analytical possibility, the Kantian notion of possibility is the source of real possibility. This difference underlies the distinction between the ontological structure (which is characterized by Kant’s interpretation) and the Leibnizian ontological structure. Both structures are presented as the semantic basis for two systems of logic of existence (PE and PEL), the second of which is the Leibnizian extension of the first. The distinction between the two different conceptions of ontological structure plays an important role in the discussion of Gödel's ontological proof, that can be formally interpreted on the ontological frame of the pure perfections. While this proof, under some emendation condition, is conclusive in the context of Leibniz's ontological structure, it is not so within the Kantian one. Then, in the second part of this paper I’ll say something about their relations to Leibniz’s and Gödel's ontological argument.

In this paper we introduce a definition of post-Turing ICT with an initial analysis of its sustainability. At the beginning of the history of computing the attention was concentrated on the single machine: a device able to read and write a memory and able to execute different actions depending on the internal state. It was only in the 1960's that the fifth function (after input, memory, processing and output) was introduced: the network, the capability of this single computational node to be connected and exchange data with similar machines. In the last fifty years the network has grown at an incredible speed, introducing us into the post-Turing ICT era: billions of electronic devices interconnected. ICT has now a significant environmental impact along all its lifetime phases: manufacturing (based on scarce minerals), application (based on growing power consumption) and e-waste management (with open cycles difficult to close). In this paper, we introduce relevant topics to understand whether the current ICT production and consumption paradigms are sustainable, and the social consequences and implications of such a problem for stakeholders.

Protection of data and information security are crucial to business processes and include technical, sociological and organizational aspects. The purpose of this paper is to explore the importance of information security policy and organizational compliance within a socio-technical framework. Citing some of the major compliance acts in the United States, this paper examines how the need arose for information security compliance and the antecedents that made compliance mandatory for organizations. This would apply to any organization, in whichever other country, within its legal compliance framework. A discussion follows to help shed light on how both individual employees and the organization as a whole often fail to implement a satisfactory compliance initiative. Finally, the research presents a set of key factors that influence successful implementation of information system security Compliance into the information security policy (ISP), along with what actions should be taken to make compliance a competitive advantage for the organization, taking advantage of the particular relationship between compliance and ISP.

This paper presents the fundamental outlines of two conceptions of ontological frame. The first one connected to Kant's concept of possible object and the second one related to Leibniz’s. Leibniz maintains that the source of possibility is the mere logical consistency of the notions involved, so that possibility coincides with analytical possibility. Kant, instead, argues that consistency is only a necessary component of possibility. According to Kant, something is possible if there is a cause capable of bringing it into existence; to this end consistency alone is not sufficient. Thus, while the Leibnitian notion of consistency is at the root of the concept of analytical possibility, the Kantian notion of possibility is the source of real possibility. This difference underlies the distinction between the ontological structure (which is characterized by Kant’s interpretation) and the Leibnizian ontological structure. Both structures are presented as the semantic basis for two systems of logic of existence (PE and PEL), the second of which is the Leibnizian extension of the first. The distinction between the two different conceptions of ontological structure plays an important role in the discussion of Gödel's ontological proof, that can be formally interpreted on the ontological frame of the pure perfections. While this proof, under some emendation condition, is conclusive in the context of Leibniz's ontological structure, it is not so within the Kantian one. Then, in the second part of this paper I’ll say something about their relations to Leibniz’s and Gödel's ontological argument.

Theoretical studies that actually propose to use evolutionary paradigms in organizational/management studies are quite rare, as well as field studies ex-plicitly adopting them. Moreover, these rare writings tend to refer to classical, “Darwin+Mendel+DNA” thought, surprisingly overlooking the last decades’ ad-vancements in evolutionary research, although these recent studies are progres-sively explaining complex phenomena, which Darwin’s model did not encompass. This paper identifies three streams within recent evolutionary research, whose adoption may result in useful innovation for management, organizational and in-formation system research. These streams of studies present evolutionary, ecolog-ical and social processes in an integrated fashion, providing strong frameworks to understand learning processes, procedure creation, flexibility, decision making, networks evolution, cooperation, and the role of relationships, moods and non-rational triggers in change processes. This paper suggests that deeper insights into these factors not only would let us better understand how organizations evolve, but would also give us hints for building organizations which are more compatible with human nature.

The priority of labour over capital represents a powerful analytical tool for under-standing wealth creation and development. Such a tool is particularly relevant in today’s world, characterized by rapid change and increasing importance of immaterial, subjective dimensions of the economy. The paper provides an overview of the original analytical elements the Catholic Social Doctrine (CSD), as compared to the basic analytical tools coeval economic profession has mostly been using. Being based on a solid relational anthropology, CSD provides a powerful framework where the priority of labour is pivotal for advancing economic theory and practice, in the perspective of a “good life in common”. In particular, the paper elaborates on the notion of gratuitousness, an innovative expression which is deeply rooted in CSD and particularly helpful in order to realistically understand development and social progress in our globalized world.

Maurizio Cavallari (2011), The Role of Extraordinary Creativity in Response to Digital Threats, Physica Verlag Heidelberg, ISBN: 978-3-7908-2631-9 Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to provide a framework for exploring and studying extraordinary creativity when it comes to an organizational response to digital security. Three areas - inspiration, transformational leadership, and social capital - are argued to significantly impact the creative ability of IT professionals charged with the task of responding to digital security threats. Drawing from diverse literature, the framework offered has the potential to form a foundation for future research to enhance creativity to extraordinary levels when it comes to digital security. This paper identifies three major constructs contributing to an organization's ability to respond to extraordinarily creative digital attacks that threaten the integrity of the firm's ability to do business in a networked economy. At the individual level, inspiration is argued to affect the level, ordinary or extraordinary, of creativity IT professionals are capable of. Leadership, is also argued to affect an organization's creative responses. Social capital is introduced to account for the quality interactions that affect creative responses to digital threats.

Hofstede’s cultural dimensions (Hofstede 2001; 2003) have recently been utilized for linguistic research based on the notion of national identity. Since an overview of such research is still lacking, the present paper aims to illustrate, first, how the model was applied and, secondly, to examine the correlations set forth between the cultural dimensions and language in diverse genres. Results indicate that the model was used as a predictive and as an explanatory device of communicative and micro-linguistic features in cross-linguistic studies and in English as a lingua franca. The synthesis of the correlations between the dimensions and languages offered in the paper will hopefully throw new light on the interplay between language and culture and sustain further research.

With his work, De animalibus insectis (1602), Ulisse Aldrovandi occupies a prominent place in the history of entomology. Of particular interest in this volume are the many original descriptions and woodcuts of insects. Partly due to the ‘Tavole di animali’ [Tables of animals] − illustrations drawn and watercoloured by hand, made by the author previously for the realization of the woodcuts for the printed book − some of them can be identified at genus or species level. For a large number of insects, Aldrovandi’s descriptions and illustrations are the oldest in the entomological literature. Three adult antlions and one adult green lacewing are recognizable in the book and have already been studied; hypothetical larvae of green lacewings can be added and are recorded here. Among the butterflies and moths, there is another rather enigmatic insect, which could be an owlfly (ascalaphid), though there is some uncertainty due to discrepancies between its colouring in the ‘Tavole di animali’ and its description in the book. This paper deals with the possible identification of this insect as an ascalaphid and outlines the origin and meaning of the term ‘ascalaph’.

The aim of this paper is to analyze the most relevant occurrences of the mountain to which Prometheus is chained in Greek and Latin literature (in particular Aeschylus, Apollonius Rhodius, Lucian, Horatius, Seneca and Valerius Flaccus, the historians Strabo, Arrianus and Appianus), with some forays in contemporary literature (Franz Kafka, Cesare Pavese, Heiner Müller)