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8. Benchmarking of Functional-Structural Root Architecture Models

Author

Schnepf, Andrea, primary, Black, Christopher K., additional, Couvreur, Valentin, additional, Delory, Benjamin M., additional, Doussan, Claude, additional, Heymans, Adrien, additional, Javaux, Mathieu, additional, Khare, Deepanshu, additional, Koch, Axelle, additional, Koch, Timo, additional, Kuppe, Christian W., additional, Landl, Magdalena, additional, Leitner, Daniel, additional, Lobet, Guillaume, additional, Meunier, Félicien, additional, Postma, Johannes, additional, Schäfer, Ernst, additional, Selzner, Tobias, additional, Vanderborght, Jan, additional, and Vereecken, Harry, additional

Published
2023
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12. Quantitative comparison of root water uptake simulated by functional-structural root architecture models

Author

Schnepf, Andrea, primary, Couvreur, Valentin, additional, Delory, Benjamin, additional, Doussan, Claude, additional, Javaux, Mathieu, additional, Khare, Deepanshu, additional, Koch, Axelle, additional, Koch, Timo, additional, Kuppe, Christian, additional, Leitner, Daniel, additional, Lobet, Guillaume, additional, Meunier, Félicien, additional, Postma, Johannes, additional, Schäfer, Ernst, additional, Vanderborght, Jan, additional, and Vereecken, Harry, additional

Published
2022
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14. Investigating root water uptake dynamics of a grassland species under varying hydro-climatic conditions with non-destructive isotopic monitoring

Author

Deseano Diaz, Paulina Alejandra, primary, van Dusschoten, Dagmar, additional, Kübert, Angelika, additional, Brüggemann, Nicolas, additional, Javaux, Mathieu, additional, Merz, Steffen, additional, Vanderborght, Jan, additional, Vereecken, Harry, additional, Dubbert, Maren, additional, and Rothfuss, Youri, additional

Published
2022
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16. A general approach for analytically upscaling the exact root water uptake equations despite heterogeneous soil moisture at the soil-root interface

Author

Bouda, Martin, Vanderborght, Jan, Javaux, Mathieu, EGU General Assembly 2021, and UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences

Subjects
Root water uptake, Root system architecture, Soil-root interface, Interface (Java), Water uptake, Root (chord), Environmental science, Soil science, Water content, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics::Geophysics
Abstract

Recent advances in scaling up water flows on root system networks hold promise for improving predictions of water uptake at large scales. These developments are particularly timely, as persistent difficulties in getting Earth system models to accurately represent soil-root water flows, especially under drying or heterogeneous soil moisture conditions, are now a major obstacle describing the water limitation of terrestrial fluxes.One recently developed upscaling formalism has been shown to be both free of discretisation error in flow predictions regardless of scale and with computational cost linearly diminishing with the number of soil subdomains considered. What has been missing from this approach, however, is a proven method to apply it generally – i.e. to an arbitrary root system architecture discretised on an arbitrary grid.The work presented here demonstrates a general algorithm that can be applied to a wide range of root system architectures (the only assumption being that only one lateral root originates at one point along a parent root) discretised on a grid consisting of a series of soil layers of variable thickness, as is common in Earth system models. It is further shown theoretically that both of these restrictions can in principle be relaxed and that this approach can in principle be extended to conditions of soil moisture heterogeneity – i.e. situations where each root segment in a soil grid cell faces a different water potential at the soil-root interface.This work represents both a practical advance bringing broad applicability to this upscaling approach and a major theoretical advance as exact solutions for water uptake under conditions of soil moisture heterogeneity within grid cells were previously unknown. While obtaining exact solutions despite heterogeneity within the grid cell requires a way of finding the overall mean soil water potential faced by the plant, this advance nevertheless points to possible directions of future research for overcoming the major hurdle of soil moisture heterogeneity.

Published
2021

17. Towards the consideration of soil-root resistances in root water uptake models for macroscopic representations of hydraulic root architecture

Author

UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIA - Agronomy, Vanderborght, Jan, Couvreur, Valentin, Meunier, Félicien, Schnepf, Andrea, Vereecken, Harry, Bouda, Martin, Javaux, Mathieu, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIA - Agronomy, Vanderborght, Jan, Couvreur, Valentin, Meunier, Félicien, Schnepf, Andrea, Vereecken, Harry, Bouda, Martin, and Javaux, Mathieu

Abstract

Plant water uptake from soil is an important component of terrestrial water cycle with strong links to the carbon cycle and the land surface energy budget. To simulate the relation between soil water content, root distribution, and root water uptake, models should represent the hydraulics of the soil-root system and describe the flow from the soil towards root segments and within the 3D root system architecture according to hydraulic principles. We have recently demonstrated how macroscopic relations that describe the lumped water uptake by all root segments in a certain soil volume, e.g. in a thin horizontal soil layer in which soil water potentials are uniform, can be derived from the hydraulic properties of the 3D root architecture. The flow equations within the root system can be scaled up exactly and the total root water uptake from a soil volume depends on only two macroscopic characteristics of the root system: the root system conductance, Krs, and the uptake distribution from the soil when soil water potentials in the soil are uniform, SUF. When a simple root hydraulic architecture was assumed, these two characteristics were sufficient to describe root water uptake from profiles with a non-uniform water distribution.

Published
2021

18. A general approach for analytically upscaling the exact root water uptake equations despite heterogeneous soil moisture at the soil-root interface

Author

UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences, Bouda, Martin, Vanderborght, Jan, Javaux, Mathieu, EGU General Assembly 2021, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences, Bouda, Martin, Vanderborght, Jan, Javaux, Mathieu, and EGU General Assembly 2021

Abstract

Recent advances in scaling up water flows on root system networks hold promise for improving predictions of water uptake at large scales. These developments are particularly timely, as persistent difficulties in getting Earth system models to accurately represent soil-root water flows, especially under drying or heterogeneous soil moisture conditions, are now a major obstacle describing the water limitation of terrestrial fluxes. One recently developed upscaling formalism has been shown to be both free of discretisation error in flow predictions regardless of scale and with computational cost linearly diminishing with the number of soil subdomains considered. What has been missing from this approach, however, is a proven method to apply it generally – i.e. to an arbitrary root system architecture discretised on an arbitrary grid.

Published
2021

19. From hydraulic root architecture models to macroscopic representations of root hydraulics in soil water flow and land surface models

Author

UCL - SST/ELI/ELIA - Agronomy, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences, Vanderborght, Jan, Couvreur, Valentin, Meunier, Felicien, Schnepf, Andrea, Vereecken, Harry, Bouda, Martin, Javaux, Mathieu, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIA - Agronomy, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences, Vanderborght, Jan, Couvreur, Valentin, Meunier, Felicien, Schnepf, Andrea, Vereecken, Harry, Bouda, Martin, and Javaux, Mathieu

Abstract

Root water uptake is an important process in the terrestrial water cycle. How this process depends on soil water content, root distributions, and root properties is a soil–root hydraulic problem. We compare different approaches to implement root hydraulics in macroscopic soil water flow and land surface models. By upscaling a three-dimensional hydraulic root architecture model, we derived an exact macroscopic root hydraulic model. The macroscopic model uses the following three characteristics: the root system conductance, Krs, the standard uptake fraction, SUF, which represents the uptake from a soil profile with a uniform hydraulic head, and a compensatory matrix that describes the redistribution of water uptake in a non-uniform hydraulic head profile. The two characteristics, Krs and SUF, are sufficient to describe the total uptake as a function of the collar and soil water potential, and water uptake redistribution does not depend on the total uptake or collar water potential. We compared the exact model with two hydraulic root models that make a priori simplifications of the hydraulic root architecture, i.e., the parallel and big root model. The parallel root model uses only two characteristics, Krs and SUF, which can be calculated directly following a bottom-up approach from the 3D hydraulic root architecture. The big root model uses more parameters than the parallel root model, but these parameters cannot be obtained straightforwardly with a bottom-up approach. The big root model was parameterized using a top-down approach, i.e., directly from root segment hydraulic properties, assuming a priori a single big root architecture. This simplification of the hydraulic root architecture led to less accurate descriptions of root water uptake than by the parallel root model. To compute root water uptake in macroscopic soil water flow and land surface models, we recommend the use of the parallel root model with Krs and SUF computed in a bottom-up approach from a known

Published
2021

26. Quantifying how plants with different species-specific water-use strategies cope with the same drought-prone hydro-ecological conditions

Author

Khare,Deepanshu, Bodner, Gernot, Javaux, Mathieu, Vanderborght, Jan, Leitner, Daniel, Schnepf, Andrea, EGU General Assembly 2020, and UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences

Subjects
Root-soil interactions, Root water uptake, fungi, food and beverages, Root architecture
Abstract

Plant transpiration and root water uptake are dependent on multiple traits that interact with site soil characteristics and environmental factors such as radiation, atmospheric temperature, relative humidity, and soil-moisture content. Models of root architecture and functions are increasingly employed to simulate root-soil interactions. Root water uptake is thereby affected by the root hydraulic architecture, soil moisture conditions, soil hydraulic properties, and the transpiration demand as controlled by atmospheric conditions. Stomatal conductance plays a vital role in regulating transpiration in plants. We performed simulations of plant water uptake for plants having different mechanisms to control transpiration, spanned by isohydric/anisohydric spectrum. Isohydric plants follow the strategy to close their stomata in order to maintain the leaf water potential at a constant level, while anisohydric plants leave their stomata open when leaf water potentials fall due to drought stress. Modelling the stomatal regulation effectively will result in a more reliable model that will regulate the excessive loss of water. We implemented hydraulic and chemical stomatal control of root water uptake following the current approach where stomatal control is regulated by simulated water potential and/or chemical signal concentration. In order to maintain water uptake from dry soil, low plant water potentials are required, which may lead to reversible or permanent cavitation. We parameterise our model with field data, including climate data and soil hydraulic properties under different tillage conditions. This helps us to understand the behaviour of different crops under drought conditions and predict at which growing stage the stress hits the plant. We conducted the simulations for different scenarios to study the effect of hydraulic and chemical regulation on root system performance under drought stress.

Published
2020

27. How to scale root water uptake from root scale to stands and beyond – a theoretical framework, practical lessons, and next steps

Author

Bouda, Martin, Vanderborght, Jan, Couvreur, Valentin, Meunier, Félicien, Javaux, Mathieu, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences, and UCL - SST/ELI/ELIA - Agronomy

Subjects
Soil-root domain, Root water uptake, Root systems
Abstract

Estimating plant uptake of soil water has been a persistent problem in process-based earth system models (ESMs). Initially ignored altogether, plant access to soil water was long modelled with heuristic approaches at large scales. These formulations are currently being replaced as ESMs begin to incorporate more detailed plant hydraulics schemes based on the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum concept. While the new schemes greatly improve mechanistic description of aboveground plant hydraulics, they have given rise to various issues belowground, from excessive hydraulic redistribution to numerical instability. As detailed 3D descriptions of root systems and water flow equations on the soil-root domain have been established, the key challenge is how to scale them up to relevant scales, reducing computational cost to a trivial level without loss of accuracy. Here, we set out a mathematical framework that incorporates recent advances in this area and allows us to relate them to each other. Comparing and contrasting different models, formulated in a novel matrix form of the water flow problem in the root system, allows us to make inferences about their suitability for use in upscaling. We are able to show how to avoid discretization error in the upscaled root scheme, as well as which upscaling method offers full generality, and which yields the computationally simplest forms. These theoretical results are fully supported by numerical simulations of fully explicit 3D root systems and their upscaled versions. Improved performance of the upscaled models is also demonstrated in an application to field data from the Wind River Crane flux tower site (reduced model bias, root mean squared error, and increased robustness of fitted parameters). Root water uptake equations can now be scaled up without discretization error for arbitrary root systems. The chief remaining source of error is soil moisture heterogeneity within discretized soil elements where it is assumed uniform by any given model (e.g. within each vertical layer). The main task for future work thus becomes to achieve a correspondingly accurate description for soil moisture heterogeneity. Some of the upscaling approaches compared here offer hints at potential next steps in this direction.

Published
2020

35. Emergent properties of plant hydraulic architecture: from root cells to cavitating stems and land surface models

Author

UCL - SST/ELI/ELIA - Agronomy, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences, Couvreur, Valentin, Meunier, Félicien, Ledder, Glenn, Sulis, Mauro, Manzoni, Stefano, Lobet, Guillaume, Russo, Sabrina, Javaux, Mathieu, Vanderborght, Jan, Draye, Xavier, EGU General Assembly 2019, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIA - Agronomy, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences, Couvreur, Valentin, Meunier, Félicien, Ledder, Glenn, Sulis, Mauro, Manzoni, Stefano, Lobet, Guillaume, Russo, Sabrina, Javaux, Mathieu, Vanderborght, Jan, Draye, Xavier, and EGU General Assembly 2019

Abstract

Worldwide ecosystems primary production and survival are largely limited by soil water availability, and affected by plant traits that control water uptake, transport, and release in the atmosphere. In order to understand how these complex systems will react to future climates, and optimally adjust their management, the development of experimental and modelling approaches is crucial. In particular, integrating process-based representations plant hydraulics and stomatal closure in land surface models (LSMs) is a major challenge as the limited computational resources necessitate the use of simplified descriptions of these processes. We present methods used to identify scale consistent emergent principles governing water flow in plants. We show that simplistic mechanistic expressions arise from the cell to the root system scale, and along stems whose geometry, saturated conductivity, sensitivity to cavitation, and leaf area vary continuously with height. Our results support that cavitation is a whole-stem emergent property; in which compounding effects of gravity and vertical traits variations reported experimentally all substantially contribute to the occurrence of hydraulic failure in tall trees, and need to be accounted for in LSMs. Furthermore, a macroscopic solution of water flow in plant hydraulic architectures was implemented in the Terrestrial Systems Modeling Platform. As compared to the standard approach, this new model of water capture characteristically exhibits a different sensitivity of the onset of water stress to root distribution and soil properties.

Published
2019

36. Connecting the dots between computational tools to analyse soil-root water relations

Author

UCL - SST/ELI/ELIA - Agronomy, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences, Lobet, Guillaume, Passot, Sixtine, Couvreur, Valentin, Meunier, Félicien, Draye, Xavier, Javaux, Mathieu, Leitner, Daniel, Pagès, Loïc, Schnepf, Andrea, Vanderborght, Jan, EGU General Assembly 2019, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIA - Agronomy, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences, Lobet, Guillaume, Passot, Sixtine, Couvreur, Valentin, Meunier, Félicien, Draye, Xavier, Javaux, Mathieu, Leitner, Daniel, Pagès, Loïc, Schnepf, Andrea, Vanderborght, Jan, and EGU General Assembly 2019

Abstract

Understanding (and manipulating) water relationships in the soil-plant system is a crucial issue for current and future breeding efforts. In the recent years, many modelling and numerical tools were developed to help quantify and understand water flow in the soil-plant system, at multiple scales (organ, plant and field). Most of these tools were developed to work together, or at least be compatible. However, for the un-informed researcher, they might seem disconnected, forming an unclear and disorganised succession of tools. In this presentation, we present different tools developed to understand plant-water relations in a comprehensive and structured network. The aim of this “water tools network” is to inform researchers about existing tools and help them understand how their data (past and future) might fit within the network. We also demonstrate the power of the network with a set of case studies from the literature. Finally, we discuss existing gaps in the network and how we can move forward to complete it.

Published
2019

37. MARSHAL: a unique tool for deciphering water flow in maize root system hydraulic architectures

Author

Meunier, Félicien, Couvreur, Valentin, Lobet, Guillaume, Vanderborght, Jan, Draye, Xavier, Javaux, Mathieu, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences, and UCL - SST/ELI/ELIA - Agronomy

Subjects
Root water uptake, MARSHAL, Root system, Root architecture
Abstract

Existing literature about maize root system hydraulic and architectural properties is abundant and can serve as input for contrasted root system hydraulic architecture generation tools. Therefore observations of root hydraulic and architectural phenes in field and/or laboratory experiments must be first converted into parameters for feeding root growth model and water flow algorithms. MARSHAL aims at gathering the existing information about the maize plant and at making it available for the community. Existing maize root system architecture parameterizations as well as measured hydraulic functions were gathered in a common database and linked with the state-of-art model of the water transfer in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum. MARSHAL is as an online and flexible tool that generates contrasted root system hydraulic architectures using this database, calculates the water flow within the root system under user-provided boundary conditions (transpiration and soil water potential distribution) and calculates plant-scale macroscopic parameters. The generated root systems hydraulic architectures can be saved in common formats such as RSML to be easily imported in other models. Finally, MARSHAL is coupled with sensitivity and optimization algorithms in order to investigate the sensitive input parameters for a used-defined objective function or to provide an optimal set of parameters that minimizes an error function, alongside with parameter uncertainty. As illustration of the model potentiality, we used MARSHAL to generate maize contrasted hydraulic architectures and we compared them with plant-scale observations of both architecture (root length density profile field measurements) and hydraulics (root system conductance measurements). The macroscopic parameters could be easily fitted with the model and the observed local variability of root phenes determined. The hydraulic architectures were then used as contrasted genotypes in a water flow model of the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum to highlight G x E interactions and they indeed performed differently in contrasted pedo-climatic conditions. Finally, MARSHAL served to validate a fully analytical model of the root system hydraulic architecture and to calculate the sensitivity of mature root system conductance, depth of standard uptake, volume and convex hull volume to the input parameters.

Published
2018

39. MARSHAL: a unique tool for deciphering water flow in maize root system hydraulic architectures

Author

UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIA - Agronomy, Meunier, Félicien, Couvreur, Valentin, Lobet, Guillaume, Vanderborght, Jan, Draye, Xavier, Javaux, Mathieu, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIA - Agronomy, Meunier, Félicien, Couvreur, Valentin, Lobet, Guillaume, Vanderborght, Jan, Draye, Xavier, and Javaux, Mathieu

Abstract

Existing literature about maize root system hydraulic and architectural properties is abundant and can serve as input for contrasted root system hydraulic architecture generation tools. Therefore observations of root hydraulic and architectural phenes in field and/or laboratory experiments must be first converted into parameters for feeding root growth model and water flow algorithms. MARSHAL aims at gathering the existing information about the maize plant and at making it available for the community. Existing maize root system architecture parameterizations as well as measured hydraulic functions were gathered in a common database and linked with the state-of-art model of the water transfer in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum. MARSHAL is as an online and flexible tool that generates contrasted root system hydraulic architectures using this database, calculates the water flow within the root system under user-provided boundary conditions (transpiration and soil water potential distribution) and calculates plant-scale macroscopic parameters. The generated root systems hydraulic architectures can be saved in common formats such as RSML to be easily imported in other models. Finally, MARSHAL is coupled with sensitivity and optimization algorithms in order to investigate the sensitive input parameters for a used-defined objective function or to provide an optimal set of parameters that minimizes an error function, alongside with parameter uncertainty. As illustration of the model potentiality, we used MARSHAL to generate maize contrasted hydraulic architectures and we compared them with plant-scale observations of both architecture (root length density profile field measurements) and hydraulics (root system conductance measurements). The macroscopic parameters could be easily fitted with the model and the observed local variability of root phenes determined. The hydraulic architectures were then used as contrasted genotypes in a water flow model of the soil-plant-atm

Published
2018

40. Combining MRI Techniques and modelling for characterizing root hydraulic properties of a white lupine plant

Author

UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences, Koch, Axelle, Pohlmeier, Andreas, Garré, Sarah, Vanderborght, Jan, Javaux, Mathieu, EGU2018, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences, Koch, Axelle, Pohlmeier, Andreas, Garré, Sarah, Vanderborght, Jan, Javaux, Mathieu, and EGU2018

Abstract

Despite its importance for understanding transpiration regulation and soil water fluxes, characterizing the distribution of root water uptake and its evolution over time is still challenging. Measurements of root hydraulic properties are feasible with standard techniques (root pressure probe, pressure chamber, high pressure flow meter. . . ) but these methods are destructive and time consuming. Moreover, the evolution of root properties with time is hardly achievable. In this study, we combined experiment and modelling to characterize in situ plant root hydraulic properties. We monitored for seven days the leaching of a tracer through a column with a growing root system of a white lupine plant. After six days, the irrigation of the tracer was stopped to enhance the tracer accumulation around roots. We used Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to get daily three-dimensional root architecture and solute distribution. Then, the plant-soil system was modelled with R-SWMS (Javaux et al, 2008), a 3D model that provides water and tracer dynamics in the soil-plant system. An optimisation was performed to retrieve the root hydraulic parameters during the solute accumulation stage. R-SWMS was proven to be a convenient tool for modelling 3D tracer dynamic in a planted soil column. Furthermore, data obtained by MRI (i.e. the 3D solute accumulation around roots) was shown to be informative enough to optimize root hydraulic properties and their evolution over time. In conclusion, the combination of experiment and modelling seems to be needed and useful for characterizing root hydraulic properties in 3D systems.

Published
2018

41. Development and analysis of the Soil Water Infiltration Global database

Author

Rahmati, Mehdi, primary, Weihermüller, Lutz, additional, Vanderborght, Jan, additional, Pachepsky, Yakov A., additional, Mao, Lili, additional, Sadeghi, Seyed Hamidreza, additional, Moosavi, Niloofar, additional, Kheirfam, Hossein, additional, Montzka, Carsten, additional, Van Looy, Kris, additional, Toth, Brigitta, additional, Hazbavi, Zeinab, additional, Al Yamani, Wafa, additional, Albalasmeh, Ammar A., additional, Alghzawi, Ma'in Z., additional, Angulo-Jaramillo, Rafael, additional, Antonino, Antônio Celso Dantas, additional, Arampatzis, George, additional, Armindo, Robson André, additional, Asadi, Hossein, additional, Bamutaze, Yazidhi, additional, Batlle-Aguilar, Jordi, additional, Béchet, Béatrice, additional, Becker, Fabian, additional, Blöschl, Günter, additional, Bohne, Klaus, additional, Braud, Isabelle, additional, Castellano, Clara, additional, Cerdà, Artemi, additional, Chalhoub, Maha, additional, Cichota, Rogerio, additional, Císlerová, Milena, additional, Clothier, Brent, additional, Coquet, Yves, additional, Cornelis, Wim, additional, Corradini, Corrado, additional, Coutinho, Artur Paiva, additional, de Oliveira, Muriel Bastista, additional, de Macedo, José Ronaldo, additional, Durães, Matheus Fonseca, additional, Emami, Hojat, additional, Eskandari, Iraj, additional, Farajnia, Asghar, additional, Flammini, Alessia, additional, Fodor, Nándor, additional, Gharaibeh, Mamoun, additional, Ghavimipanah, Mohamad Hossein, additional, Ghezzehei, Teamrat A., additional, Giertz, Simone, additional, Hatzigiannakis, Evangelos G., additional, Horn, Rainer, additional, Jiménez, Juan José, additional, Jacques, Diederik, additional, Keesstra, Saskia Deborah, additional, Kelishadi, Hamid, additional, Kiani-Harchegani, Mahboobeh, additional, Kouselou, Mehdi, additional, Kumar Jha, Madan, additional, Lassabatere, Laurent, additional, Li, Xiaoyan, additional, Liebig, Mark A., additional, Lichner, Lubomír, additional, López, María Victoria, additional, Machiwal, Deepesh, additional, Mallants, Dirk, additional, Mallmann, Micael Stolben, additional, de Oliveira Marques, Jean Dalmo, additional, Marshall, Miles R., additional, Mertens, Jan, additional, Meunier, Félicien, additional, Mohammadi, Mohammad Hossein, additional, Mohanty, Binayak P., additional, Pulido-Moncada, Mansonia, additional, Montenegro, Suzana, additional, Morbidelli, Renato, additional, Moret-Fernández, David, additional, Moosavi, Ali Akbar, additional, Mosaddeghi, Mohammad Reza, additional, Mousavi, Seyed Bahman, additional, Mozaffari, Hasan, additional, Nabiollahi, Kamal, additional, Neyshabouri, Mohammad Reza, additional, Ottoni, Marta Vasconcelos, additional, Ottoni Filho, Theophilo Benedicto, additional, Pahlavan-Rad, Mohammad Reza, additional, Panagopoulos, Andreas, additional, Peth, Stephan, additional, Peyneau, Pierre-Emmanuel, additional, Picciafuoco, Tommaso, additional, Poesen, Jean, additional, Pulido, Manuel, additional, Reinert, Dalvan José, additional, Reinsch, Sabine, additional, Rezaei, Meisam, additional, Roberts, Francis Parry, additional, Robinson, David, additional, Rodrigo-Comino, Jesús, additional, Rotunno Filho, Otto Corrêa, additional, Saito, Tadaomi, additional, Suganuma, Hideki, additional, Saltalippi, Carla, additional, Sándor, Renáta, additional, Schütt, Brigitta, additional, Seeger, Manuel, additional, Sepehrnia, Nasrollah, additional, Sharifi Moghaddam, Ehsan, additional, Shukla, Manoj, additional, Shutaro, Shiraki, additional, Sorando, Ricardo, additional, Stanley, Ajayi Asishana, additional, Strauss, Peter, additional, Su, Zhongbo, additional, Taghizadeh-Mehrjardi, Ruhollah, additional, Taguas, Encarnación, additional, Teixeira, Wenceslau Geraldes, additional, Vaezi, Ali Reza, additional, Vafakhah, Mehdi, additional, Vogel, Tomas, additional, Vogeler, Iris, additional, Votrubova, Jana, additional, Werner, Steffen, additional, Winarski, Thierry, additional, Yilmaz, Deniz, additional, Young, Michael H., additional, Zacharias, Steffen, additional, Zeng, Yijian, additional, Zhao, Ying, additional, Zhao, Hong, additional, and Vereecken, Harry, additional

Published
2018
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43. Development and Analysis of Soil Water Infiltration Global Database

Author

Rahmati, Mehdi, primary, Weihermüller, Lutz, additional, Vanderborght, Jan, additional, Pachepsky, Yakov A., additional, Mao, Lili, additional, Sadeghi, Seyed Hamidreza, additional, Moosavi, Niloofar, additional, Kheirfam, Hossein, additional, Montzka, Carsten, additional, Van Looy, Kris, additional, Toth, Brigitta, additional, Hazbavi, Zeinab, additional, Al Yamani, Wafa, additional, Albalasmeh, Ammar A., additional, Alghzawi, Ma'in Z., additional, Angulo-Jaramillo, Rafael, additional, Antonino, Antônio Celso Dantas, additional, Arampatzis, George, additional, Armindo, Robson André, additional, Asadi, Hossein, additional, Bamutaze, Yazidhi, additional, Batlle-Aguilar, Jordi, additional, Bechet, Beatrice, additional, Becker, Fabian, additional, Blöschl, Günter, additional, Bohne, Klaus, additional, Braud, Isabelle, additional, Castellano, Clara, additional, Cerdà, Artemi, additional, Chalhoub, Maha, additional, Cichota, Rogerio, additional, Císlerová, Milena, additional, Clothier, Brent, additional, Coquet, Yves, additional, Cornelis, Wim, additional, Corradini, Corrado, additional, Coutinho, Artur Paiva, additional, de Oliveira, Muriel Bastista, additional, de Macedo, José Ronaldo, additional, Durães, Matheus Fonseca, additional, Emami, Hojat, additional, Eskandari, Iraj, additional, Farajnia, Asghar, additional, Flammini, Alessia, additional, Fodor, Nándor, additional, Gharaibeh, Mamoun, additional, Ghavimipanah, Mohamad Hossein, additional, Ghezzehei, Teamrat A., additional, Giertz, Simone, additional, Hatzigiannakis, Evangelos G, additional, Horn, Rainer, additional, Jiménez, Juan José, additional, Jacques, Diederik, additional, Keesstra, Saskia Deborah, additional, Kelishadi, Hamid, additional, Kiani-Harchegani, Mahboobeh, additional, Kouselou, Mehdi, additional, Kumar Jha, Madan, additional, Lassabatere, Laurent, additional, Li, Xiaoyan, additional, Liebig, Mark A., additional, Lichner, Lubomír, additional, López, María Victoria, additional, Machiwal, Deepesh, additional, Mallants, Dirk, additional, Mallmann, Micael Stolben, additional, de Oliveira Marques, Jean Dalmo, additional, Marshall, Miles R., additional, Mertens, Jan, additional, Meunier, Félicien, additional, Mohammadi, Mohammad Hossein, additional, Mohanty, Binayak P., additional, Moncada, Mansonia Pulido, additional, Montenegro, Suzana, additional, Morbidelli, Renato, additional, Moret-Fernández, David, additional, Moosavi, Ali Akbar, additional, Mosaddeghi, Mohammad Reza, additional, Mousavi, Seyed Bahman, additional, Mozaffari, Hasan, additional, Nabiollahi, Kamal, additional, Neyshabouri, Mohammad Reza, additional, Ottoni, Marta Vasconcelos, additional, Ottoni Filho, Theophilo Benedicto, additional, Pahlavan Rad, Mohammad Reza, additional, Panagopoulos, Andreas, additional, Peth, Stephan, additional, Peyneau, Pierre-Emmanuel, additional, Picciafuoco, Tommaso, additional, Poesen, Jean, additional, Pulido, Manuel, additional, Reinert, Dalvan José, additional, Reinsch, Sabine, additional, Rezaei, Meisam, additional, Roberts, Francis Parry, additional, Robinson, David, additional, Rodrigo-Comino, Jesús, additional, Rotunno Filho, Otto Corrêa, additional, Saito, Tadaomi, additional, Suganuma, Hideki, additional, Saltalippi, Carla, additional, Sándor, Renáta, additional, Schütt, Brigitta, additional, Seeger, Manuel, additional, Sepehrnia, Nasrollah, additional, Sharifi Moghaddam, Ehsan, additional, Shukla, Manoj, additional, Shutaro, Shiraki, additional, Sorando, Ricardo, additional, Stanley, Ajayi Asishana, additional, Strauss, Peter, additional, Su, Zhongbo, additional, Taghizadeh-Mehrjardi, Ruhollah, additional, Taguas, Encarnación, additional, Teixeira, Wenceslau Geraldes, additional, Vaezi, Ali Reza, additional, Vafakhah, Mehdi, additional, Vogel, Tomas, additional, Vogeler, Iris, additional, Votrubova, Jana, additional, Werner, Steffen, additional, Winarski, Thierry, additional, Yilmaz, Deniz, additional, Young, Michael H., additional, Zacharias, Steffen, additional, Zeng, Yijian, additional, Zhao, Ying, additional, Zhao, Hong, additional, and Vereecken, Harry, additional

Published
2018
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44. Supplementary material to "Development and Analysis of Soil Water Infiltration Global Database"

Author

Rahmati, Mehdi, primary, Weihermüller, Lutz, additional, Vanderborght, Jan, additional, Pachepsky, Yakov A., additional, Mao, Lili, additional, Sadeghi, Seyed Hamidreza, additional, Moosavi, Niloofar, additional, Kheirfam, Hossein, additional, Montzka, Carsten, additional, Van Looy, Kris, additional, Toth, Brigitta, additional, Hazbavi, Zeinab, additional, Al Yamani, Wafa, additional, Albalasmeh, Ammar A., additional, Alghzawi, Ma'in Z., additional, Angulo-Jaramillo, Rafael, additional, Antonino, Antônio Celso Dantas, additional, Arampatzis, George, additional, Armindo, Robson André, additional, Asadi, Hossein, additional, Bamutaze, Yazidhi, additional, Batlle-Aguilar, Jordi, additional, Bechet, Beatrice, additional, Becker, Fabian, additional, Blöschl, Günter, additional, Bohne, Klaus, additional, Braud, Isabelle, additional, Castellano, Clara, additional, Cerdà, Artemi, additional, Chalhoub, Maha, additional, Cichota, Rogerio, additional, Císlerová, Milena, additional, Clothier, Brent, additional, Coquet, Yves, additional, Cornelis, Wim, additional, Corradini, Corrado, additional, Coutinho, Artur Paiva, additional, de Oliveira, Muriel Bastista, additional, de Macedo, José Ronaldo, additional, Durães, Matheus Fonseca, additional, Emami, Hojat, additional, Eskandari, Iraj, additional, Farajnia, Asghar, additional, Flammini, Alessia, additional, Fodor, Nándor, additional, Gharaibeh, Mamoun, additional, Ghavimipanah, Mohamad Hossein, additional, Ghezzehei, Teamrat A., additional, Giertz, Simone, additional, Hatzigiannakis, Evangelos G, additional, Horn, Rainer, additional, Jiménez, Juan José, additional, Jacques, Diederik, additional, Keesstra, Saskia Deborah, additional, Kelishadi, Hamid, additional, Kiani-Harchegani, Mahboobeh, additional, Kouselou, Mehdi, additional, Kumar Jha, Madan, additional, Lassabatere, Laurent, additional, Li, Xiaoyan, additional, Liebig, Mark A., additional, Lichner, Lubomír, additional, López, María Victoria, additional, Machiwal, Deepesh, additional, Mallants, Dirk, additional, Mallmann, Micael Stolben, additional, de Oliveira Marques, Jean Dalmo, additional, Marshall, Miles R., additional, Mertens, Jan, additional, Meunier, Félicien, additional, Mohammadi, Mohammad Hossein, additional, Mohanty, Binayak P., additional, Moncada, Mansonia Pulido, additional, Montenegro, Suzana, additional, Morbidelli, Renato, additional, Moret-Fernández, David, additional, Moosavi, Ali Akbar, additional, Mosaddeghi, Mohammad Reza, additional, Mousavi, Seyed Bahman, additional, Mozaffari, Hasan, additional, Nabiollahi, Kamal, additional, Neyshabouri, Mohammad Reza, additional, Ottoni, Marta Vasconcelos, additional, Ottoni Filho, Theophilo Benedicto, additional, Pahlavan Rad, Mohammad Reza, additional, Panagopoulos, Andreas, additional, Peth, Stephan, additional, Peyneau, Pierre-Emmanuel, additional, Picciafuoco, Tommaso, additional, Poesen, Jean, additional, Pulido, Manuel, additional, Reinert, Dalvan José, additional, Reinsch, Sabine, additional, Rezaei, Meisam, additional, Roberts, Francis Parry, additional, Robinson, David, additional, Rodrigo-Comino, Jesús, additional, Rotunno Filho, Otto Corrêa, additional, Saito, Tadaomi, additional, Suganuma, Hideki, additional, Saltalippi, Carla, additional, Sándor, Renáta, additional, Schütt, Brigitta, additional, Seeger, Manuel, additional, Sepehrnia, Nasrollah, additional, Sharifi Moghaddam, Ehsan, additional, Shukla, Manoj, additional, Shutaro, Shiraki, additional, Sorando, Ricardo, additional, Stanley, Ajayi Asishana, additional, Strauss, Peter, additional, Su, Zhongbo, additional, Taghizadeh-Mehrjardi, Ruhollah, additional, Taguas, Encarnación, additional, Teixeira, Wenceslau Geraldes, additional, Vaezi, Ali Reza, additional, Vafakhah, Mehdi, additional, Vogel, Tomas, additional, Vogeler, Iris, additional, Votrubova, Jana, additional, Werner, Steffen, additional, Winarski, Thierry, additional, Yilmaz, Deniz, additional, Young, Michael H., additional, Zacharias, Steffen, additional, Zeng, Yijian, additional, Zhao, Ying, additional, Zhao, Hong, additional, and Vereecken, Harry, additional

Published
2018
Full Text
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48. Water movement through plant roots – exact solutions of the water flow equation in roots with linear or exponential piecewise hydraulic properties

Author

UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIA - Agronomy, Meunier, Félicien, Couvreur, Valentin, Draye, Xavier, Zarebanadkouki, Mohsen, Vanderborght, Jan, Javaux, Mathieu, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIA - Agronomy, Meunier, Félicien, Couvreur, Valentin, Draye, Xavier, Zarebanadkouki, Mohsen, Vanderborght, Jan, and Javaux, Mathieu

Abstract

In 1978, Landsberg and Fowkes presented a solution of the water flow equation inside a root with uniform hydraulic properties. These properties are root radial conductivity and axial conductance, which control, respectively, the radial water flow between the root surface and xylem and the axial flow within the xylem. From the solution for the xylem water potential, functions that describe the radial and axial flow along the root axis were derived. These solutions can also be used to derive root macroscopic parameters that are potential input parameters of hydrological and crop models. In this paper, novel analytical solutions of the water flow equation are developed for roots whose hydraulic properties vary along their axis, which is the case for most plants. We derived solutions for single roots with linear or exponential variations of hydraulic properties with distance to root tip. These solutions were subsequently combined to construct single roots with complex hydraulic property profiles. The analytical solutions allow one to verify numerical solutions and to get a generalization of the hydric behaviour with the main influencing parameters of the solutions. The resulting flow distributions in heterogeneous roots differed from those in uniform roots and simulations led to more regular, less abrupt variations of xylem suction or radial flux along root axes. The model could successfully be applied to maize effective root conductance measurements to derive radial and axial hydraulic properties. We also show that very contrasted root water uptake patterns arise when using either uniform or heterogeneous root hydraulic properties in a soil–root model. The optimal root radius that maximizes water uptake under a carbon cost constraint was also studied. The optimal radius was shown to be highly dependent on the root hydraulic properties and close to observed properties in maize roots. We finally used the obtained functions for evaluating the impact of root maturation ver

Published
2017

50. New theories of root growth modelling

Author

UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences, Landl, Magdalena, Schnepf, Andrea, Vanderborght, Jan, Huber, Katrin, Javaux, Mathieu, Bengough, A.Glyn, Vereecken, Harry, European Geosciences Union (EGU) General Assembly, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences, Landl, Magdalena, Schnepf, Andrea, Vanderborght, Jan, Huber, Katrin, Javaux, Mathieu, Bengough, A.Glyn, Vereecken, Harry, and European Geosciences Union (EGU) General Assembly

Abstract

In dynamic root architecture models, root growth is represented by moving root tips whose line trajectory results in the creation of new root segments. Typically, the direction of root growth is calculated as the vector sum of various direction-affecting components. However, in our simulations this did not reproduce experimental observations of root growth in structured soil.

Published
2016

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