1. Automated measurement of upper thermal limits in small aquatic animals
- Author
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Sigurd Einum, Bettina Zeis, and Tim Burton
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Aquatic Organisms ,Hot Temperature ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Physiology ,Acclimatization ,Aquatic Science ,Tracking (particle physics) ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Aquatic organisms ,Software ,Control theory ,Thermal ,Animals ,Tracking data ,Molecular Biology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,business.industry ,Experimental data ,Temperature stress ,Daphnia ,Insect Science ,Environmental science ,Female ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Hydrobiology ,business ,Zoology - Abstract
We present a method for automating the measurement of upper thermal limits in small aquatic organisms. Upper thermal limits are frequently defined by the cessation of movement at high temperature, with measurement being performed by manual observation. Consequently, estimates of upper thermal limits may be subject to error and bias, both within and among observers. Our method utilises video-based tracking software to record the movement of individuals when exposed to high, lethal temperatures. We develop an algorithm in the R computing language that can objectively identify the loss of locomotory function from tracking data. Using independent experimental data, we validate our approach by demonstrating the expected response in upper thermal limits to acclimation temperature. © 2018. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly attributed.
- Published
- 2018