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Extranodal Hodgkin disease presenting as a primary localized neoplasm is uncommon, with rare case reports describing primary sites other than lymph nodes. The gastrointestinal tract is the most frequent site of involvement by extranodal Hodgkin disease, typically involving the stomach or small bowel. To date, we have been able to find only one fully documented case of Hodgkin disease of the sigmoid colon confirmed by immunohistochemical studies. We report a case of extranodal Hodgkin disease involving the transverse colon, presenting as inflammatory bowel disease and documented by light microscopic, immunohistochemical, cytogenetic, and molecular studies.

Diffuse angiomatosis of the extremities is a rare condition characterized by extensive or multifocal benign mass-forming vascular lesions involving multiple tissue planes; histologically, adipose and fibrous tissue are admixed with vascular elements that vary from capillary proliferations to large vessels that are often structurally abnormal. Although diffuse angiomatosis most likely represents a hamartomatous form of arteriovenous malformation, it behaves clinically as a benign but slowly progressive and unresectable neoplasm. We describe a case of diffuse angiomatosis of the lower extremity that presented clinically as a soft-tissue sarcoma.

Hyperreactio luteinalis (HL) refers to moderate to marked cystic enlargement of the ovaries due to multiple benign theca lutein cysts and is most often associated with hydatidiform mole or choriocarcinoma. The cause of this condition is unknown, but is believed to be related to elevated levels of, or abnormal ovarian response to, human chorionic and pituitary gonadotropins. Only 47 cases of HL unassociated with trophoblastic disease have been previously reported in the English-language literature, mostly before 1974, and almost exclusively in the gynecologic literature. We present two additional cases of HL unassociated with trophoblastic disease and review the literature. One of our case reports documents the unusual occurrence of unilateral HL. Of the 49 cases described, 11 occurred with fetal hydrops (8 immunologic; 3 non-immunologic), 8 with multiple pregnancies, and 30 in otherwise normal single pregnancies. Hyperreaction luteinalis is most often bilateral and found incidentally at the time of cesarean section. However, HL may present during any trimester as an abdominal mass or acute abdomen. The natural course is postpartum regression. Recognition of HL is important, since misinterpretation at laparotomy or erroneous histologic diagnoses have resulted in unnecessary surgery, often with sterilization in 16 of the cases. A conservative approach is indicated with wedge biopsy and frozen section diagnosis. Oophorectomy is necessary only to remove infarcted tissue or to control hemorrhage.

Since the initial description in 1967, the clinical and laboratory features of Kawasaki's disease (KD) have been well documented. We studied a patient with KD who recovered from the acute phase of the disease, but who subsequently died at home from coronary arteritis. We describe this patient because of bone marrow and lymph node findings that have previously received little attention in the English-language literature.

Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML) was originally defined as a relatively specific benign pseudolymphomatous disorder. Although the etiology remains unknown, the spectrum of SHML has been expanded to include predominance of extranodal disease in some patients, clinically significant immunologic abnormalities in 10% of patients, and fatal outcome in 7% of patients. We report the rare occurrence of SHML in identical twins; to our knowledge, SHML in identical twins has been reported only once previously. The two patients described are also unusual because of the predominance of retroperitoneal disease with minimal peripheral adenopathy. After a seven-year clinical course, one twin died of extensive retroperitoneal disease, liver failure, bleeding diathesis, and seizure disorder. The other twin is alive after a six-year course of progressive retroperitoneal disease.

Female genital tract involvement is a rare manifestation of disseminated coccidioidomycosis; to our knowledge, only ten patients have previously been described in the English literature. We describe a patient who seems to be unique in that she developed female genital tract coccidioidomycosis and coccidioidal peritonitis after chemotherapy for Hodgkin's disease. Coccidioidomycosis of the female genital tract is usually manifest as granulomatous endometritis and/or granulomatous tubo-ovarian disease with peritonitis. The diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis was unsuspected clinically in all 11 reported cases (including our patient); initial diagnosis was made by biopsy or culture in all 11 patients. In eight of the reported cases of female genital tract coccidioidomycosis (including our patient), clinical improvement occurred after treatment with surgery or antifungal chemotherapy; three patients died of disseminated coccidioidomycosis.

Benign cartilage-containing mesenchymal tumors of the breast are extremely rare. We describe a patient with chondrolipoma of the breast who presented with a breast mass that was detected by routine mammography. Although the mammographic features of chondrolipoma are not specific, the histologic features are diagnostic and show a well-circumscribed mass composed of benign adipose tissue and lobules of mature cartilage. We also discuss the differential diagnosis of benign mesenchymal tumors of the breast.