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Objective To investigate the relationship between the growth regulation by estrogen in breast cancer 1 (GREB1) gene polymorphism and the incidence of osteoporotic fracture in Beijing senile population． Methods A total of 226 elderly patients were recruited and divided into fracture group (with osteoporotic fracture，n = 100) and control group (without osteoporosis and fracture，n = 126) ． The bone mineral density (BMD) of hip and lumbar spine were measured using a dual-energy X-ray bone densitometer． The genotype of GREB1 gene rs10929757 and rs5020877 locus were examined by Snapshot technique． Allele frequency and genotype frequency at both locus were compared． The patients'BMD values of different genotype at both locus were compared． Results Between the two groups，there were no statistical differences in the distribution of allele frequency and genotype frequency at both locus (P > 0. 05) ． Between the two groups of males，the C allele frequencies at rs10929757 locus were 36. 5% in the fracture group and 52. 2% in the control group，respectively，with statistical differences (P < 0. 05) ; there were no statistical differences in the allele frequencies of rs5020877 locus (P > 0. 05) ． Between the two groups of females，there were no statistical differences in the allele frequencies of both locus (P > 0. 05) ． When comparing patients'BMD values，at rs10929757 locus，there were no statistical differences among different genotypes in the whole sample，males and females; at rs5020877 locus， there were no statistical differences among different genotypes in the whole sample，males，and females． Conclusion The polymorphism of rs10929757 is associated with vertebral osteoporotic fracture in Beijing senile male population． The polymorphism of rs5020877 is not associated with vertebral osteoporotic fracture in Beijing senile population． [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]