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By using the ANSYS FLUENT numerical simulation software, the Navier-Stokes equation as the governing equation, based on the finite volume method, this paper adopts the standard k -- ε turbulence model to establish a numerical analysis model. Under the condition of constant density, numerical simulation study is carried out on the water flow characteristics of three kinds of rigidly submerged vegetation open channels with thick stems. The results show that the experimental results are compared with the numerical simulation calculation results, and the calculated velocity values are in good agreement with the experimental values, which verifies the correctness and feasibility of the numerical simulation method. By analyzing the flow velocity distribution changes in the flow field, the increase in the thickness of the vegetation stems is obtained. By analyzing the vertical distribution of the flow velocity in the flow field, it is concluded that the slope close to vegetation has a smaller range of velocity change, and the water flow is more turbulent. As the distance from vegetation continues to increase, the vertical velocity change range increases significantly. The mixed turbulence effect of vegetation on the point flow field is weakened. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]