1. Emerging Coxsackievirus A6 Causing Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease, Vietnam
- Author
-
Nguyen Thi Han Ny, Sarawathy Sabanathan, Le Nguyen Thanh Nhan, Guy E. Thwaites, Ho Lu Viet, Nguyen Thi Thu Hong, Lam Anh Nguyet, Tran Tan Thanh, Phan Tu Qui, Ha Manh Tuan, H. Rogier van Doorn, Nguyen Van Vinh Chau, Maia A. Rabaa, Vu Thi Ty Hang, Do Chau Viet, Nguyen Thanh Hung, Nguyen To Anh, Truong Huu Khanh, Louise Thwaites, Le Nguyen Truc Nhu, Bridget Wills, Hoang Minh Tu Van, Nguyen Tran Nam, Tran Thi Lan Phuong, and Le Van Tan
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Epidemiology ,Hand foot and mouth disease ,lcsh:Medicine ,phylogeny ,Communicable Diseases, Emerging ,Hand-foot-and-mouth disease ,Pandemic ,Child ,Foot-and-mouth disease ,Genomics ,3. Good health ,Phylogeography ,Infectious Diseases ,Vietnam ,Female ,Adult ,Microbiology (medical) ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Asia ,Adolescent ,Coxsackievirus Infections ,Genome, Viral ,Biology ,Coxsackievirus ,Disease cluster ,enteroviruses ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,Young Adult ,deep sequencing ,03 medical and health sciences ,Emerging pathogen ,stomatognathic system ,medicine ,Humans ,viruses ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,coxsackievirus A6 ,Whole Genome Sequencing ,Research ,Public health ,lcsh:R ,Outbreak ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Enterovirus A, Human ,030104 developmental biology ,Emerging Coxsackievirus A6 Causing Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease, Vietnam ,Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ,Demography - Abstract
Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a major public health issue in Asia and has global pandemic potential. Coxsackievirus A6 (CV-A6) was detected in 514/2,230 (23%) of HFMD patients admitted to 3 major hospitals in southern Vietnam during 2011-2015. Of these patients, 93 (18%) had severe HFMD. Phylogenetic analysis of 98 genome sequences revealed they belonged to cluster A and had been circulating in Vietnam for 2 years before emergence. CV-A6 movement among localities within Vietnam occurred frequently, whereas viral movement across international borders appeared rare. Skyline plots identified fluctuations in the relative genetic diversity of CV-A6 corresponding to large CV-A6-associated HFMD outbreaks worldwide. These data show that CV-A6 is an emerging pathogen and emphasize the necessity of active surveillance and understanding the mechanisms that shape the pathogen evolution and emergence, which is essential for development and implementation of intervention strategies.
- Published
- 2018