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Sustainable development, as a conceptual phrase that encompasses the struggle of endangered humanity for salvation, appeared at the end of the 20th century, ie. at a time when the world is facing a multitude of existential threats posed by man's own negligence towards nature and himself. These threats include the caused natural deformations of the climate and the environment, on the one hand, and mutual destructive national interests of exploitative and existential character (war, terrorist, hegemonic, migrant, etc.), on the other hand. In this context, sustainable development is reduced to the possible development of society in all areas, which can last indefinitely, as well as be replaced by new development that has the same characteristics. That is why the United Nations (UN) and other major world organizations in recent years have agendas, resolutions, conventions and the like. began the struggle for the frontal world introduction of saving sustainable development. However, this largest and most complex world endeavor has just begun, and in order to be successful, it needs to be adequately systematized and organized - which needs to be resolved quickly. In such a current world reality, a very important role is played by political and professional factors that should achieve sustainable development at all levels. There is very little talk about that in the current scientific literature, so it is necessary to elaborate on the scientific-professional factor as more complex than the political one, which is what this scientific paper deals with. For its preparation, an appropriately prepared internal research project was used, in which all ideological factors (problem, subject, goals, hypotheses and research methods) were defined - with a brief overview of Serbia as an example of sustainable development. Accordingly, in this scientific paper, several important scientific information has been identified, especially related to the profile, role and organization of experts in sustainable development, as a scientific and professional factor in that.