1. Loss of SMPD4 Causes a Developmental Disorder Characterized by Microcephaly and Congenital Arthrogryposis
- Author
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Flavia Palombo, Maarten Fornerod, Grazia M.S. Mancini, Joseph G. Gleeson, Lily Bazak, Esmee Kasteleijn, Natalia Ordonez-Herrera, Milena Laure-Kamionowska, Fowzan S. Alkuraya, Pawel Gawlinski, William B. Dobyns, Mariasavina Severino, Marjolein H G Dremmen, Marco Seri, Marie Claire Y. de Wit, Robert B. Hufnagel, Ghayda Mirzaa, Laura Vandervore, Rachel Schot, Maarten H. Lequin, Lina Basel-Salmon, Arndt Rolfs, Robert J. Hopkin, Ahmed Al Fares, Nicola Brunetti-Pierri, Bella Davidov, Gerarda Cappuccio, Maria Teresa Divizia, Rolf W. Stottmann, Daphne J. Smits, Aida M. Bertoli-Avella, Wojciech Wiszniewski, Damir Musaev, Valentina Stanley, Hanah Akleh, Peter Bauer, Amal Alhashem, Martina Wilke, Jeroen Demmers, Malak Al Ghamdi, Marjon van Slegtenhorst, Pasquale Striano, Mees van der Ent, Pamela Magini, Tommaso Pippucci, Marta Columbaro, Maha S. Zaki, Anna Jansen, Deema Aljeaid, Peter J. van der Spek, Noa Ruhrman Shahar, Frans W. Verheijen, Clinical Biology, Clinical sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Pediatrics, Public Health Sciences, Mental Health and Wellbeing research group, Neurogenetics, Magini, P., Smits, D. J., Vandervore, L., Schot, R., Columbaro, M., Kasteleijn, E., van der Ent, M., Palombo, Francesco, Lequin, M. H., Dremmen, M., de Wit, M. C. Y., Severino, M., Divizia, M. T., Striano, P., Ordonez-Herrera, N., Alhashem, A., Al Fares, A., Al Ghamdi, M., Rolfs, A., Bauer, P., Demmers, J., Verheijen, F. W., Wilke, M., van Slegtenhorst, M., van der Spek, P. J., Seri, M., Jansen, A. C., Stottmann, R. W., Hufnagel, R. B., Hopkin, R. J., Aljeaid, D., Wiszniewski, W., Gawlinski, P., Laure-Kamionowska, M., Alkuraya, F. S., Akleh, H., Stanley, V., Musaev, D., Gleeson, J. G., Zaki, M. S., Brunetti-Pierri, N., Cappuccio, G., Davidov, B., Basel-Salmon, L., Bazak, L., Shahar, N. R., Bertoli-Avella, A., Mirzaa, G. M., Dobyns, W. B., Pippucci, T., Fornerod, M., Mancini, G. M. S., Clinical Genetics, Clinical Chemistry, Cell biology, Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Neurology, Biochemistry, Pathology, Magini P., Smits D.J., Vandervore L., Schot R., Columbaro M., Kasteleijn E., van der Ent M., Palombo F., Lequin M.H., Dremmen M., de Wit M.C.Y., Severino M., Divizia M.T., Striano P., Ordonez-Herrera N., Alhashem A., Al Fares A., Al Ghamdi M., Rolfs A., Bauer P., Demmers J., Verheijen F.W., Wilke M., van Slegtenhorst M., van der Spek P.J., Seri M., Jansen A.C., Stottmann R.W., Hufnagel R.B., Hopkin R.J., Aljeaid D., Wiszniewski W., Gawlinski P., Laure-Kamionowska M., Alkuraya F.S., Akleh H., Stanley V., Musaev D., Gleeson J.G., Zaki M.S., Brunetti-Pierri N., Cappuccio G., Davidov B., Basel-Salmon L., Bazak L., Shahar N.R., Bertoli-Avella A., Mirzaa G.M., Dobyns W.B., Pippucci T., Fornerod M., and Mancini G.M.S.
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Microcephaly ,Ceramide ,RNA Splicing ,Mitosis ,Cell fate determination ,Biology ,Endoplasmic Reticulum ,Article ,arthrogryposis ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Genetics ,medicine ,Humans ,Cell Lineage ,microcephaly ,Nuclear pore ,Child ,SMPD4 ,Genetics (clinical) ,Arthrogryposis ,arthrogryposi ,neutral-sphingomyelinase ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Autophagy ,medicine.disease ,Sphingolipid ,Pedigree ,NET13 ,Cell biology ,HEK293 Cells ,Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Neurodevelopmental Disorders ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Sphingomyelin ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Sphingomyelinases generate ceramide from sphingomyelin as a second messenger in intracellular signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, or apoptosis. Children from 12 unrelated families presented with microcephaly, simplified gyral pattern of the cortex, hypomyelination, cerebellar hypoplasia, congenital arthrogryposis, and early fetal/postnatal demise. Genomic analysis revealed bi-allelic loss-of-function variants in SMPD4, coding for the neutral sphingomyelinase-3 (nSMase-3/SMPD4). Overexpression of human Myc-tagged SMPD4 showed localization both to the outer nuclear envelope and the ER and additionally revealed interactions with several nuclear pore complex proteins by proteomics analysis. Fibroblasts from affected individuals showed ER cisternae abnormalities, suspected for increased autophagy, and were more susceptible to apoptosis under stress conditions, while treatment with siSMPD4 caused delayed cell cycle progression. Our data show that SMPD4 links homeostasis of membrane sphingolipids to cell fate by regulating the cross-talk between the ER and the outer nuclear envelope, while its loss reveals a pathogenic mechanism in microcephaly.
- Published
- 2019