1,836 results
Search Results
2. The Canada-United States productivity puzzle: regional evidence of the pulp and paper industry, 1971-2005.
- Author
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Bernard, Jean-Thomas and Hussain, Jakir
- Subjects
- *
INDUSTRIAL productivity , *PAPER industry , *FREE trade , *GROSS domestic product , *MANUFACTURING industries - Abstract
We analyze the total factor productivity (TFP) of the pulp and paper industry in three Canadian provinces (British Columbia, Ontario, and Quebec) and in three United States (US) states that are contiguously located south of the border (Washington, Illinois, and Maine) over the period of 1971 to 2005. We find that the industry in the three Canadian provinces had much higher TFP growth rates in the era following the Free-Trade Agreement (FTA) signed in 1988. In terms of productivity level, this relative TFP surge allowed the industry in Ontario and British Columbia to move ahead of Illinois and Washington, respectively; however, Quebec trailed further Maine, which is the overall leader in the sample. Our results in this particular case reveal that the Canadian pulp and paper industry did not contribute to the overall Canada-US productivity gap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Measuring the competitiveness of Canadian pulp and paper in the US market reveals needs for more research.
- Author
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Tang, Xiaoli, Kant, Shashi, Laaksonen-Craig, Susanna, and Asinas, Emmanuel R.
- Subjects
PULPWOOD ,PULPWOOD industry ,PAPER products industry ,ECONOMIC competition ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Forest Research is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Composition of the bacterial biota in slime developed in two machines at a Canadian paper mill.
- Author
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Disnard, Julie, Beaulieu, Carole, and Villemur, Richard
- Subjects
PAPERMAKING machinery ,PAPERMAKING ,MICROBIOLOGY ,DNA fingerprinting ,POLYMERASE chain reaction ,GEL electrophoresis ,GENE libraries ,PAPER mills - Abstract
During the process of papermaking by pulp and paper plants, a thick and viscous deposits, termed slime, is quickly formed around the paper machines, which can affect the papermaking process. In this study, we explored the composition of the bacterial biota in slime that developed on shower pipes from 2 machines at a Canadian paper mill. Firstly, the composition was assessed for 12 months by DNA profiling with polymerase chain reaction coupled with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Except for short periods (2-3 months), clustered analyses showed that the bacterial composition of the slime varied substantially over the year, with less than 50% similarity between the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profiles. Secondly, the screening of 16S rRNA gene libraries derived from 2 slime samples showed that the most abundant bacteria were related to 6 lineages, including Chloroflexi, candidate division OP10, Clostridiales, Bacillales, Burkholderiales, and the genus Deinococcus. Finally, the proportion of 8 bacterial lineages, such as Deinococcus sp., Meiothermus sp., and Chloroflexi, was determined by the Catalyzed Reporter Deposition - Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization in 2 slime samples. The results showed a high proportion of Chloroflexi, Tepidimonas spp., and Schlegelella spp. in the slime samples. Lors du processus de fabrication industrielle du papier, un dépôt épais et visqueux se forme rapidement autour des machines à papier, ce qui peut affecter le processus de fabrication. Dans cette étude, nous avons exploré la composition bactérien ne du dépôt qui s'est développée sur des tuyaux des douches de 2 machines d'une usine à papier au Canada. La composition a d'abord été évaluée pendant 12 mois par la détermination du profil d'ADN par une réaction en chaîne par polymérase couplée à une électrophorèse sur gel en gradient dénaturant. À part de courtes périodes (2-3 mois), les analyses ont montré que la composition bactérienne du dépôt variait substantiellement au cours de l'année, avec moins de 50 % de similarité entre les profils en l'électrophorèse sur gel en gradient dénaturant. Deuxièmement, le criblage de banques géniques d'ARN ribosomique 16S dérivées de 2 échantillons de dépôt a ensuite montré que les bactéries les plus abondantes étaient apparentées à 6 lignées, notamment les Chloroflexi, la division candidate OP10, les Clostridiales, les Bacillales, les Burkholderiales, et le genre Deinococcus. Finalement, la proportion de 8 lignées bactériens comme Deinococcus sp., Meiothermus sp. et Chloroflexi a été déterminée par « Catalyzed Reporter Deposition - Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization » dans 2 échantillons de dépôt. Les résultats ont montré une forte proportion de Chloroflexi, Tepidimonas spp. et Schlegelella spp. dans les échantillons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Detection of red heartwood in paper birch () using external stem characteristics.
- Author
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Belleville, Benoît, Cloutier, Alain, and Achim, Alexis
- Subjects
- *
HEARTWOOD , *PAPER birch , *WOOD quality , *STATISTICAL correlation - Abstract
Red heartwood, a dark nonhomogenous discolouration in paper birch trees ( Marsh.), limits the applications and uses of sawn boards to nonvisible low-value products, thus resulting in substantial value loss. The occurrence and distribution of red heartwood were investigated in 12 paper birch trees grown in the province of Quebec, Canada. The youngest tree was 62 years old at breast height and the oldest 86 years old for an average of 75 years old. In this study, 225 occurrences of external traits, relating to branch scars and forks, previously proposed as initiation points for red heartwood were identified and measured. The distribution of red heartwood was digitally mapped and the effect of these external traits on the red heartwood surface and shape inside each tree was examined. Results show that red heartwood initiates from an external trait and that multiple external traits can contribute to the development of a red heartwood column following the longitudinal axis of the stem. Red heartwood appeared to initiate mainly from external traits at the base of the tree. A modelling exercise indicated that the width of the red heartwood column inside a standing tree can be estimated from branch scar width and height from the ground. Tree vigour could not be linked to the proportion of red heartwood inside standing trees. A three-dimensional analysis of log shape could potentially be used to detect red heartwood presence in a log before processing to optimize the log sawing pattern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Industrial innovation and infrastructure as drivers of change in the Canadian boreal zone1.
- Author
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Musetta-Lambert, Jordan L., Enanga, Eric M., Teichert, Sonja, Creed, Irena F., Kidd, Karen A., Kreutzweiser, David P., and Sibley, Paul K.
- Subjects
TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,NATURAL resources ,PAPER pulp ,TAIGAS ,TAIGA ecology ,SOCIAL values ,ECOSYSTEM services ,ELECTRON tube grids - Abstract
Copyright of Environmental Reviews is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Output scale, technical change, and productivity in the Canadian pulp and paper industry.
- Author
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Hailu, Atakelty and Veeman, Terrence S.
- Subjects
INDUSTRIAL productivity ,PAPER industry - Abstract
Analyzes the productivity and efficiency in the Canadian pulp and paper industry using input distance function and index number methods. Managerial and policy implications of productivity growth; Components of productivity growth; Contribution of output scale effects, capital disequilibrium to the industry.
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis of free-living bacteria present in the headbox of a Canadian paper machine.
- Author
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Prince V, Simao-Beaunoir AM, and Beaulieu C
- Subjects
- Bacteria classification, Bacteria metabolism, Canada, DNA, Bacterial genetics, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeny, Seasons, Bacteria genetics, Bacteria isolation & purification, DNA, Ribosomal genetics, Equipment Contamination, Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length, Water Microbiology
- Abstract
The headbox water is the main source of bacterial contamination of paper machines. Identification of these bacterial contaminants could be an asset in developing specific control methods. An amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA) was carried out to characterize the bacterial communities associated with the headbox water of a paper machine in a Canadian mill in February and July 2006. Eight bacterial genera were identified as the main colonizers present in the headbox water. The genus Meiothermus appeared to be the dominant bacterial group in the Canadian paper machine. Some variation was observed between the February and July clone libraries. Bacterial genera such as Chelatococcus and Hydrogenophilus were only detected in February or in July, respectively. Furthermore, the proportion of Tepidimonas clones in the libraries was higher in July than in February. The metabolic profile of the February and July communities, determined using Biolog EcoPlates, also suggested that temporal variation occurred within the bacterial populations that colonized the headbox of the paper machine.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology position paper: resistance training in children and adolescents.
- Author
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Behm DG, Faigenbaum AD, Falk B, and Klentrou P
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Canada, Child, Humans, Child Welfare, Exercise, Pediatrics standards, Physical Education and Training standards, Weight Lifting standards
- Abstract
Many position stands and review papers have refuted the myths associated with resistance training (RT) in children and adolescents. With proper training methods, RT for children and adolescents can be relatively safe and improve overall health. The objective of this position paper and review is to highlight research and provide recommendations in aspects of RT that have not been extensively reported in the pediatric literature. In addition to the well-documented increases in muscular strength and endurance, RT has been used to improve function in pediatric patients with cystic fibrosis and cerebral palsy, as well as pediatric burn victims. Increases in children's muscular strength have been attributed primarily to neurological adaptations due to the disproportionately higher increase in muscle strength than in muscle size. Although most studies using anthropometric measures have not shown significant muscle hypertrophy in children, more sensitive measures such as magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound have suggested hypertrophy may occur. There is no minimum age for RT for children. However, the training and instruction must be appropriate for children and adolescents, involving a proper warm-up, cool-down, and appropriate choice of exercises. It is recommended that low- to moderate-intensity resistance exercise should be done 2-3 times/week on non-consecutive days, with 1-2 sets initially, progressing to 4 sets of 8-15 repetitions for 8-12 exercises. These exercises can include more advanced movements such as Olympic-style lifting, plyometrics, and balance training, which can enhance strength, power, co-ordination, and balance. However, specific guidelines for these more advanced techniques need to be established for youth. In conclusion, an RT program that is within a child's or adolescent's capacity and involves gradual progression under qualified instruction and supervision with appropriately sized equipment can involve more advanced or intense RT exercises, which can lead to functional (i.e., muscular strength, endurance, power, balance, and co-ordination) and health benefits.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Molecular characterization of microbial communities in Canadian pulp and paper activated sludge and quantification of a novel Thiothrix eikelboomii-like bulking filament.
- Author
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Dumonceaux TJ, Hill JE, Pelletier CP, Paice MG, Van Kessel AG, and Hemmingsen SM
- Subjects
- Bacteria growth & development, Biodegradation, Environmental, Canada, Chaperonin 60 genetics, Colony Count, Microbial, RNA, Bacterial genetics, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S genetics, Refuse Disposal methods, Thiotrichaceae classification, Thiotrichaceae genetics, Waste Disposal, Fluid methods, Industrial Waste, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sewage microbiology, Thiotrichaceae isolation & purification
- Abstract
We examined the microbial community structure and quantified the levels of the filamentous bulking organism Thiothrix eikelboomii in samples of activated sludge mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) from Canadian pulp and paper mills. Libraries of chaperonin 60 (cpn60) gene sequences were prepared from MLSS total microbial community DNA and each was compared with cpnDB, a reference database of cpn60 sequences (http://cpndb.cbr.nrc.ca) for assignment of taxonomic identities. Sequences similar to but distinct from the type strain of T. eikelboomii AP3 (ATCC 49788T) (approximately 89% identity over 555 bp) were recovered at high frequency from a mill sample that was experiencing bulking problems at the time of sample collection, which corresponded to microscopic observations using fluorescent in situ hybridization with commercially available 16S rDNA-based probes. We enumerated this strain in five mill-derived MLSS samples using real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) and found that two samples had high levels of the bulking strain (>1012 genomes/g MLSS) and two contained lower but detectable levels of this organism. None of the mill samples contained cpn60 sequences that were identical to the type strain of T. eikelboomii. This technique shows promise for monitoring pulp and paper mill wastewater treatment systems by detecting and enumerating this strain of T. eikelboomii, which may be specific to pulp and paper mill wastewater treatment systems.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Habitat requirements of the Yellow-bellied Sapsucker, Sphyrapicus varius, in boreal mixedwood forests of northwestern Canada.
- Author
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Savignac, C. and Machtans, C. S.
- Subjects
HABITATS ,YELLOW-bellied sapsucker ,FORAGE plants ,POPULUS tremuloides ,PAPER birch ,ALDER ,FORESTS & forestry ,HEARTWOOD - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Zoology is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Special issue of selected papers from the 15th Canadian Drosophila Research Conference, CANFLY XV 2019, held in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, on 9–13 June 2019.
- Subjects
- *
DROSOPHILA , *SCIENCE publishing , *CONFERENCES & conventions , *EMAIL - Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Microbiology and biodegradation of resin acids in pulp mill effluents: a minireview.
- Author
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Liss SN, Bicho PA, and Saddler JN
- Subjects
- Biodegradation, Environmental, Canada, Carboxylic Acids metabolism, Water Pollutants, Chemical toxicity, Diterpenes metabolism, Industrial Waste, Paper, Water Microbiology, Water Pollutants, Chemical metabolism
- Abstract
Resin acids, a group of diterpenoid carboxylic acids present mainly in softwood species, are present in many pulp mill effluents and toxic to fish in recipient waters. They are considered to be readily biodegradable. However, their removal across biological treatment systems has been shown to vary. Recent studies indicate that natural resin acids and transformation products may accumulate in sediments and pose acute and chronic toxicity to fish. Several resin acid biotransformation compounds have also been shown to bioaccumulate and to be more resistant to biodegradation than the original material. Until recently, the microbiology of resin-acid degradation has received only scant attention. Although wood-inhabiting fungi have been shown to decrease the level of resin present in wood, there is no conclusive evidence that fungi can completely degrade these compounds. In contrast, a number of bacterial isolates have recently been described which are able to utilize dehydroabietic or isopimaric acids as their sole carbon source. There appears to be an unusually high degree of substrate specificity with respect of the utilization of abietane congeners and the presence of substituents. Pimaranes do not appear to be attacked to the same extent as the abietanes. This paper reviews the occurrence, chemistry, toxicity, and biodegradation of resin acids in relation to the biological treatment of pulp and paper mill effluents.
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
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14. Fluorescent pseudomonad population sizes baited from soils under pure birch, pure Douglas-fir, and mixed forest stands and their antagonism toward Armillaria ostoyae in vitro.
- Author
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DeLong, R.L., Lewis, Kathy J., Simard, Suzanne W., and Gibson, Susan
- Subjects
ARMILLARIA root rot ,PAPER birch ,DOUGLAS fir ,PSEUDOMONADACEAE ,SEEDLINGS ,SOILS ,FORESTS & forestry - Abstract
The relationship between forest stand composition in southern interior British Columbia and fluorescent pseudomonad bacteria populations was investigated using seedling bioassays. The objectives of this study were to (i) compare the relative population sizes of fluorescent pseudomonads baited from soils in pure paper birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh.), pure Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco), and mixed stands of the two species and (ii) determine if fluorescent pseudomonads from these soils have inhibitory effects against the root pathogen Armillaria ostoyae (Romagn.) Herink in vitro. Soil from birch stands supported four times more pseudomonads on seedling baits than soil from Douglas-fir stands, with the mixed stands intermediate. Soil from young stands yielded twice as many rhizosphere pseudomonads as soil from mature stands. Pseudomonad population size was positively correlated with percent cover and density of birch, and negatively correlated with basal area of Douglas-fir, percent cover of Douglas-fir, and carbon/nitrogen ratio of the soil. Greater than 50% of the fluorescent isolates reduced radial growth of A. ostoyae by more than 20% and greater than 90% reduced biomass of the fungus in dual culture tests. Cell-free bacterial culture filtrates added to the growth medium also reduced growth of A. ostoyae. This study provides evidence that paper birch provides a more favorable environment for fluorescent pseudomonads than Douglas-fir and suggests a mechanism by which paper birch can positively influence the susceptibility of managed forest stands to Armillaria root disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Best Paper Award 2017.
- Author
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Polat, Ali
- Subjects
- *
SCIENCE publishing , *SCHOLARLY publishing , *GEOLOGY associations , *AWARDS - Abstract
The article announces that Tiffani A. Fraser and Matt P. Hutchison won the 2017 Best Paper Award from the Canadian Science Publishing and the Geological Association of Canada.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. PbIso: an R package and web app for calculating and plotting Pb isotope data.
- Author
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Armistead, Sheree E., Eglington, Bruce M., and Pehrsson, Sally J.
- Subjects
WEB-based user interfaces ,ISOTOPES ,RADIOISOTOPES ,CANADIAN provinces - Abstract
The package PbIso is a free and open R toolbox for commonly used calculations and plots of Pb–Pb isotope data and for generating Pb evolution models. In this paper, we review Pb isotope systematics and the calculations that are commonly used, such as model age, model source μ (
238 U/204 Pb), time-integrated κ (232 Th/238 U), and initial Pb isotope ratios. These equations are implemented into R functions in the package PbIso. In addition, functions are provided for generating Pb evolution models, paleoisochrons, and isochrons. This allows users to apply calculations to their data in a straightforward way while providing transparency and flexibility of the calculations used. We have implemented some basic features of the PbIso package into an online shiny R application (see https://shereearmistead.github.io/software/pbiso), which makes it easy for users without any R experience to use these calculations with their own data and to generate plots. We have provided a case study from the Superior Province in Canada, showing how different Pb evolution models can be generated in PbIso and compared to Pb isotope data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. TRIBUTE.
- Author
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Brouwer, Darren, Bryce, David, and Yining Huang
- Subjects
SCIENTISTS ,NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy ,POROUS materials ,GAS hydrates ,PAPER industry - Abstract
The article features scientist John Ripmeester, who has made enormous impact on various research areas involving nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, porous materials, and clathrate hydrates. Topics include Ripmeester's experience of working for the paper industry in Canada, how his interest in chemistry has been developed, and his retirement from research in 2008 to focus on his role as head of the Functional Materials Program of the Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences (SIMS).
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Decomposition of broadleaf and needle litter in forests of British Columbia: influences of litter type, forest type, and litter mixtures .
- Author
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Prescott, C.E., Zabek, L.M., Staley, C.L., and Kabzems, R.
- Subjects
FORESTS & forestry ,WHITE spruce ,DOUGLAS fir ,RED alder ,PAPER birch - Abstract
Reports on the measured rates of decomposition at three sites representing the major mixedwood forest types of British Columbia: (i) boreal forests of white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) and trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.), (ii) coastal forests of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) and red alder (Alnus rubra Bong.), and (iii) a wet interior forest of Douglas-fir, paper birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh.), and lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Doug. ex Loud.). Mass loss of litter of each species (both pure and in combination with the other species) that was measured in forests of each species to determine (i) if broadleaf litter decomposed faster than needle litter, (ii) if litter decomposed faster in broadleaf or mixedwood forests than in coniferous forests, and (iii) if mixing with broadleaf hastened decomposition of needle litter; Broadleaf litters that decomposed faster than needles during the first year but, thereafter, decomposed more slowly; Litter that tended to decompose faster in the broadleaf forests than in the coniferous forests; No evidence to indicate that the addition of broadleaf litter hastened decomposition of needle litter; Results that indicate that the mixing of needle litter with broadleaf litter is unlikely to hasten decomposition in mixedwood forests of British Columbia.
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Papers dedicated to the memory of Professor Klaus Rothfels (1919-1987) in recognition of his contributions to cytogenetics.
- Subjects
- Animals, Canada, History, 20th Century, Humans, Cytogenetics history
- Published
- 1989
20. Selected papers from the thermal physiology symposium. Calgary, Alta., Canada, July 21-25, 1986. A satellite symposium of the XXX International Congress of the International Union of Physiological Sciences. Dedicated to the memory of Edward Alexander Sellers. September 14, 1916-August 28, 1985.
- Subjects
- Animals, Canada, History, 20th Century, Humans, Body Temperature Regulation
- Published
- 1987
21. Slope risk management in light of uncertainty and environmental variability—2021 Canadian Geotechnical Colloquium.
- Author
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Macciotta, Renato
- Subjects
ROCKFALL ,LANDSLIDES ,CONFERENCES & conventions ,CLIMATE change ,GEOTECHNICAL engineering ,WEATHER - Abstract
Landslides are common across Canada and they pose hazards to human safety, economic activities, and the environment. Robust risk management strategies are necessary for sustainable development. A slope risk management framework has been adopted by the geotechnical community for approximately four decades allowing a systematic, consistent and transparent framework for managing risks. Implementing this framework is associated with uncertainties embedded in our estimates of risk. This paper presents a brief summary of the sources and categories of uncertainty in geotechnical slope engineering and focuses on two topics: (1) estimates of uncertainty in risk calculations and (2) temporal changes in landslide likelihood as a function of weather and steps towards estimating landslide risk changes with climate change. The paper argues that a quantitative risk assessment should not focus on the final risk calculation, but the overall knowledge gained. This allows comprehensive documentation of sources of uncertainty and how they impact geotechnical and risk assessments. Furthermore, the paper outlines approaches to define quantitative correlations between rock fall occurrences and weather, which can be leveraged to estimate changes in rock fall risk with climate change. The paper corresponds to, and expands on, the 2021 Canadian Geotechnical Colloquium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Abstracts of Technical Papers.
- Subjects
BOTANY ,HEALTH ,WHEAT - Abstract
The article presents abstracts of several plant science research which include "Human health issues and wheat," by C. Taylor, "The future of publicly funded wheat development in Canada," by S. Fox, and "Canadian wheat pioneers," by G. Marten.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Canada's maritime frontier: the science legacy of Canada's extended continental shelf mapping for UNCLOS.
- Author
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Mosher, David C., Dickson, Mary-Lynn, Shimeld, John, Jackson, H. Ruth, Oakey, Gordon N., Boggild, Kai, Campbell, D. Calvin, Travaglini, Paola, Rainey, Walta-Anne, Murphy, Alain, Dehler, Sonya, and Ells, John
- Subjects
GEOMORPHOLOGY ,CONTINENTAL shelf ,UNITED Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (1982) ,GEOSTROPHIC currents ,SUBMARINE fans ,CONTINENTAL slopes ,CONTINENTAL margins - Abstract
Canada ratified the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) in 2003. With that ratification is an obligation to submit data and information to the U.N. pertaining to the limits of the country's extended continental shelf (ECS); the portion of the juridical continental shelf that extends beyond 200 nautical miles. A team of Canadian scientists, managers, and legal experts that included representation from three Federal Departments (Natural Resources Canada, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, and Global Affairs Canada) with additional support from other departments, spent 13 years compiling and acquiring data to provide the scientific evidence to support delineation of Canada's seaward most maritime limit. The submission has the potential to provide Canada with 2.4 million km
2 of additional submarine landmass in the Atlantic and the Arctic oceans over which Canada exercises sovereign rights for the purpose of exploring and exploiting its natural resources. Specific information such as the tectonic framework of the continental margin, the geomorphology of the margin and in particular the continental slope, the geologic nature of adjoined ridges, rises, and plateaux, and sediment thickness within adjacent basins are examples of fundamental pieces of geoscientific information needed to substantiate Canada's outermost maritime limits. This paper highlights a number of segments of Canada's continental margins to showcase this scientific evidence and how it is applied in the UNCLOS context. In doing so, the paper demonstrates the geologic complexity of Canada's margins as illustrated in scientific publications that have resulted from these new data collections, while at the same time presenting new scientific evidence and interpretations. This collection of data and information provides a wealth of new knowledge in Canada's offshore regions. The massive data compilation in the Atlantic led to conception of continental margins, in a source-to-sink scenario, as having an equilibrium base level or graded form, comparable to river systems. Departures from this shape relate to the interplay of sedimentary processes and in particular to those processes that do not fit the source-to-sink paradigm. For example, a significant part of the Atlantic margin is shown to be heavily influenced by along-slope geostrophic currents that generated massive contourite drift deposits. These deposits reflect lateral transport of sediment that had a significant impact on the morphology of the margin. The role of mass transport processes in shaping continental margins is also highlighted, and in particular the collapses of entire segments of the margin were observed. The prominent role mass failure processes play in delivering sediment to the adjacent abyssal plain is also critical in the ECS context. These observations challenge the entrenched notion of a continental margin comprising a shelf, slope, and rise and in particular the concept of the "continental rise". Prior to 2006, regions of the Arctic Ocean seaward of the Canadian landmass had fewer than 5000 km of seismic reflection data. The massive efforts of Arctic coastal States to map their margins for ECS purposes have led to a leap in technological advances to acquire data in ice-covered seas and have led to a wealth of new geoscientific knowledge. Perhaps foremost amongst this knowledge is demonstration that Canada Basin is indeed a fully developed ocean basin, albeit significantly infilled with sediment. Based on this knowledge and identification of related structures, new realistic tectonic scenarios for opening of the Amerasia Basin are proposed that include a significant component of transform or strike-slip motions. With seismic velocity and rock sample information, the continental nature of Alpha and Mendeleev ridges has been substantiated. Even bathymetric data were lacking in the Arctic and new editions of seafloor maps now support grids of 500 m spacing; although some regions remain sparse. Once thought to be relatively stagnant, sedimentary processes such as found in many ocean basins were discovered in the Arctic Ocean. Evidence of geostrophic currents, sediment mass failures, and deep-sea turbidity current channels were found to be ubiquitous, even in the deepest parts of the Arctic's basins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. A comparison of several methods for estimating light under a paper birch mixedwood stand
- Author
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Letchford, T., Gendron, F., and Comeau, P. G.
- Subjects
PHOTOSYNTHESIS ,PAPER birch ,FORESTS & forestry ,FOREST management - Abstract
In 1996 we initiated a study to evaluate several techniques for measuring light under broadleaf canopies. Hourly average photosynthetic photon flux density and percent transmittance were measured 1 m above the ground at four points in each of three canopy densities created by a spacing experiment in a 35-year-old paper birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh.) dominated stand located near Prince George, B.C. At each point, fisheye photographs were taken and LAI-2000 plant canopy analyzer (LAI-2000), spherical densiometer, and competition index (Lorimer'sindex) measurements were made. Percent transmittance measurements onan overcast day (1-h average), transmittance measured over periods of 3 h or longer on a clear day, LAI-2000 diffuse noninterceptance measurements, and gap light index determined from fisheye photographs were strongly correlated with growing season percent transmittance (r
2 >= 0.96) as was competition index (r2 = 0.928). Concave spherical densiometer measurements and midday percent transmittance measurements on clear days were also well correlated with measured percent transmittance (r2 >= 0.89). Estimates of understory light by the LITE model were strongly correlated with growing season percent transmittance. Correlations improved with increasing length of the period simulated (r2 = 0.755 for a point measurement on a clear day; r2 = 0.936 for an entire sunny day;and, r2 = 0.953 for the entire growing season). However, this version of the model underestimated percent transmittance in these spaced birch stands by 34-90%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 1998
25. The impact of composite sampling and other data aggregation procedures on pollution detection in the pulp and paper industry
- Author
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Nemetz, Peter N. and Drechsler, Herbert D.
- Subjects
PAPER industry ,POLLUTION - Published
- 1978
26. Productivity in the pulp and paper industries of the United States and Canada: a nonparametric analysis
- Author
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Buongiorno, Joseph and Hseu, Jiing-Shyang
- Subjects
MATHEMATICAL analysis ,PAPER industry - Published
- 1994
27. Productivity performance of the Canadian pulp and paper industry
- Author
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Oum, Tae H., Frank, David L., Ghebremichael, Asghedom, and Tretheway, Michael W. Michael W. Tretheway
- Subjects
FOREST products industry ,PAPER industry - Published
- 1990
28. Factors affecting Canadian pulp and paper prices
- Author
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Nautiyal, J. C. and Singh, B. K.
- Subjects
PAPER industry ,FOREST products - Published
- 1984
29. A review of large-scale renewable energy partnerships with Indigenous communities and organizations in Canada.
- Author
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Yalamala, Reddi Sekhara, Zurba, Melanie, Bullock, Ryan, and Diduck, Alan P.
- Subjects
RENEWABLE energy sources ,CLEAN energy ,INDIGENOUS children ,ECONOMIC development projects ,BUSINESS skills ,ENVIRONMENTAL protection - Abstract
In this paper, a review of Indigenous engagement in renewable energy projects is conducted and the main elements of energy partnerships between stakeholders and Indigenous partners are discussed. In recent years, Canada has witnessed more significant Indigenous involvement in economic and energy development projects than ever before. For large-scale energy partnerships, the focus is on engagement, financial capital, community buy-in (readiness, and entrepreneurial and business skills), and benefits-sharing with community partners. Equity-ownership, reconciliation, and self-determination intersect with and impact the benefits and sustainability of energy projects, as they are interrelated in the framework of most energy partnerships. This paper illustrates policy disconnects in connection with partnership-making, social outcomes, and decision-making among Indigenous communities. Furthermore, findings from relevant literature explore the nuanced discourse on social implications and capacity challenges that interlink with climate adaptation and reconciliation when promoting large-scale renewable energy partnerships with Indigenous communities. Through a systematic review and a meta-analysis of the literature, we found 80 relevant studies during the screening process, of which 33 were selected for the synthesis. Findings demonstrate that the Crown, energy companies, and community partners need to coordinate and collaborate closely to achieve energy security and sustainable renewable energy. The review suggests that Indigenous engagement in energy partnerships supports positive outcomes for social development and environmental protection among Indigenous communities. The literature suggests that when government and industry mentor in the project implementation process, important positive impacts on energy transitions, and self-sufficiency can be realized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. The post-fire shift of temperate white pine-birch forest to boreal balsam fir forest in eastern Canada: climate-fire implications.
- Author
-
Payette, Serge, Frégeau, Mathieu, Couillard, Pierre-Luc, and Laflamme, Jason
- Subjects
BALSAM fir ,TAIGAS ,PLANT identification ,WHITE pine ,CLIMATE change - Abstract
Copyright of Botany is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. LRFD calibration for soil failure limit state using the Stiffness Method.
- Author
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Bathurst, Richard J. and Allen, Tony M.
- Subjects
LOAD factor design ,FAILED states ,BUILDING foundations ,ROAD construction ,BRIDGE design & construction ,BEARING capacity of soils - Abstract
The paper describes load and resistance factor design (LRFD) calibration for the resistance factor used in the Stiffness Method internal stability soil failure limit state for geogrid mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) walls. The Stiffness Method was recently adopted in the current American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials LRFD Bridge Design Specifications in the US, and will appear in the next edition of the Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code. The paper describes the details of the calibration of the soil failure limit state which is unique to the Stiffness Method. Calibration outcomes include consideration of the concept of level of understanding in the selection of nominal load and resistance values which is unique to LRFD foundation engineering practice in Canada. A practical conclusion from these calculations is that if product line-specific creep test data are available to estimate the reinforcement secant creep stiffness used for design, then a resistance factor of 1.0 is reasonable for US practice. If only minimum average roll value tensile strength data are available, then a value of 0.95 is recommended for US practice. For Canadian practice, the corresponding values for typical level of understanding are 0.90 and 0.85, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Calibration of resistance factors for geotechnical seismic design.
- Author
-
Naghibi, Farzaneh and Fenton, Gordon A.
- Subjects
EARTHQUAKE resistant design ,SEISMIC testing ,ROAD construction ,BRIDGE design & construction ,SHALLOW foundations ,CALIBRATION ,BRIDGES - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Geotechnical Journal is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Reconciliation in the woods? Three pathways towards forest justice.
- Author
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Nikolakis, William
- Subjects
JUSTICE ,LOGGING ,FORESTS & forestry ,RECONCILIATION ,WOODEN beams ,INDIGENOUS peoples - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Forest Research is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Undrained capacity of circular shallow foundations on two-layer clays under combined VHMT loading.
- Author
-
He, Pengpeng and Newson, Tim
- Subjects
SHALLOW foundations ,BEARING capacity of soils ,FATIGUE limit ,FINITE element method ,CLAY ,SHEAR strength - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Geotechnical Journal is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Field monitoring of the ground vibrations adjacent to an onshore wind turbine foundation.
- Author
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He, Pengpeng, González-Hurtado, Jesús, Newson, Tim, Hong, Hanping, Postman, Melanie, and Molnar, Sheri
- Subjects
WIND turbines ,SOIL vibration ,PARTICLE motion ,FREQUENCIES of oscillating systems ,WIND power ,STRUCTURAL dynamics ,NEAR-fields ,FLUCTUATIONS (Physics) - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Geotechnical Journal is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. A career of bat research: informing and motivating bat conservation.
- Author
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Brigham, R. Mark and Wee, Naomi M.J.
- Subjects
BAT conservation ,ENDANGERED species ,BATS ,WORKS councils ,DEMOGRAPHIC change - Abstract
Bat conservation has become prevalent over the last few decades due to critical population declines worldwide. Our purpose was to assess whether Brock Fenton's research career coincided with increasing bat conservation research in Canada and North America. Fenton has made significant contributions to bat research during a long and productive publishing career accompanied by participation in research organizations like the North American Society for Bat Research and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council. His conservation research as well as efforts to raise public awareness about these animals has coincided with work for the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada and its equivalent (Committee on the Status of Species at Risk in Ontario) in ON. To assess the impact of his career, we quantified the relative amount of his peer-reviewed publications with a conservation focus and compared this with the level of conservation-related presentations at annual North American Society for Bat Research conferences. In the same manner, we assessed how often conservation-focused applications were funded by the Ecology and Evolution section of the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council—Canada Discovery grant program. Although it cannot be said with authority that Fenton actually initiated the increase in bat conservation research, our results indicate that his research efforts coincide with and presumably had considerable influence in driving this area of research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Unveiling the recovery dynamics of walleye after the invisible collapse.
- Author
-
Cahill, Christopher L., Walters, Carl J., Paul, Andrew J., Sullivan, Michael G., and Post, John R.
- Subjects
FISHERY sciences ,POPULATION dynamics ,SCIENTIFIC models ,CANNIBALISM ,FISHERIES - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Icing and aufeis in cold regions II: consequences and mitigation.
- Author
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Turcotte, B., Dubnick, A., and McKillop, R.
- Subjects
COLD regions ,HYDRAULIC structures ,WATER table ,SPRING ,INFRASTRUCTURE (Economics) ,ICE - Abstract
The process of icing and the resulting layered ice masses, called aufeis, are caused by the freezing of overflow originating from groundwater or surface water. Aufeis can directly impact infrastructure and property, most commonly through winter ice formation and spring flooding within, against, and on the surface of hydraulic structures and transportation infrastructure. They also represent a safety concern for drivers. This geohazard often needs to be managed proactively and efficiently to mitigate associated risks. This paper provides an overview of the consequences of aufeis in northwestern Canada. A total of 50 existing and novel icing and aufeis mitigation approaches are described and classified. The context of applicability for each approach is identified, considering the source of water, the type of infrastructure, and its role in the formation of aufeis. Finally, future research avenues to support the development or improvement of aufeis risk reduction techniques are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Updating the Foodbot Factory serious game with new interactive engaging features and enhanced educational content.
- Author
-
Franco-Arellano, Beatriz, Brown, Jacqueline Marie, Daggett, Quinn, Lockhart, Courtney, Kapralos, Bill, LeSage, Ann, and Arcand, JoAnne
- Subjects
HEALTH education ,OBESITY ,DEEP learning ,AESTHETICS ,AUGMENTED reality ,BEHAVIOR ,COGNITION ,HEALTH literacy ,RESEARCH funding ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,CHILDREN'S health ,GAMIFICATION ,VIDEO games ,NUTRITIONAL status ,DIFFUSION of innovations ,EDUCATION ,CHILDREN - Abstract
Serious games (i.e., digital games designed for educational purposes) can foster positive learning attitudes and are increasingly used as educational tools. Foodbot Factory is a serious game application (app) that helps children learn about healthy eating based on Canada's Food Guide principles and has demonstrated to increase nutrition knowledge among this group. This paper describes the process followed to expand Foodbot Factory's educational content and integrate immersive technologies and innovative features into the app. The revision process, which was guided by the Obesity-Related Behavioral Intervention Trials model, included the following phases: first, an interdisciplinary team of nutrition scientists, education experts, and computer scientists analyzed data from the original pilot study, recently published literature, and feedback from stakeholders to define areas to improve Foodbot Factory. The five original Foodbot Factory modules were evaluated by the team during weekly meetings, where the educational content, interactive features, and other elements that required updates (e.g., aesthetics and accessibility) were identified. Second, prototypes were created and refined until a final version of Foodbot Factory was approved. Nineteen children tested the updated Foodbot Factory and found it "easy to use" (89%) and "fun" (95%). The new version of Foodbot Factory contains 19 learning objectives, including 13 original and six new objectives. Interactive engagement features in the updated Foodbot Factory included augmented reality incorporated into two learning modules; new mini-games were created, including a memory game; an overhaul of the aesthetics; (e.g., new food images); and accessibility features were included to support users with cognitive and vision disabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Enhancing unsupervised video-based vehicle tracking and modeling for traffic data collection.
- Author
-
Zaki, Mohamed H., Sayed, Tarek, and Billeh, Moataz
- Subjects
ACQUISITION of data ,VEHICLE models ,TRAFFIC cameras ,CAMCORDERS ,TRAFFIC flow measurement ,ARTIFICIAL satellite tracking ,DATA collection platforms - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. A science and management partnership to restore coregonine diversity to the Laurentian Great Lakes.
- Author
-
Bunnell, David B., Ackiss, Amanda S., Alofs, Karen M., Brant, Cory O., Bronte, Charles R., Claramunt, Randall M., Dettmers, John M., Honsey, Andrew E., Mandrak, Nicholas E., Muir, Andrew M., Santucci Jr, Victor J., Smith, David R., Strach, Russell M., Sweka, John A., Weidel, Brian C., Mattes, William P., and Newman, Kurt R.
- Subjects
MANAGEMENT science ,ADAPTIVE natural resource management ,FISHERY management ,BIOLOGICAL extinction ,LAKES ,INDIGENOUS fishes ,FRESHWATER biodiversity ,FRESHWATER habitats - Abstract
Similar to many freshwater ecosystems, the Laurentian Great Lakes of North America have undergone numerous anthropogenic stressors resulting in considerable loss of biodiversity and habitat. Among Great Lakes fishes, the coregonine sub-family has endured the most extensive declines, including extinction of several species (Coregonus johannae, C. alpenae, and C. kiyi orientalis) and at least 10 instances of local extirpations of other species (C. nigripinnis, C. reighardi, C. zenithicus, C. hoyi, and C. artedi) across all 5 lakes, much of which occurred prior to the 1960s owing to overfishing, interactions with non-indigenous species, and habitat loss. Despite these declines, no federal-, provincial-, or state-mandated actions were ever implemented to conserve coregonine diversity, potentially because so much of the coregonine declines occurred prior to the enactment of federal conservation legislation. Possible explanations for inaction since enactment of that legislation include insufficient data on biological vulnerability or threats, unresolved taxonomy, and limited support from the fishery management agencies and their stakeholders prior to the 2000s. In recent decades, however, several fishery management agencies have undertaken efforts to re-introduce coregonine diversity. These efforts helped lead to development of a science-based framework to restore coregonines that was universally endorsed by fishery managers representing eight U.S. states, four U.S. tribal organizations, and the province of ON, Canada, in May 2018. The basin-wide framework is based on principles of conservation biology and adaptive management. We describe details of its key steps, including planning, restoring, and evaluating, while also describing recent implementation efforts to develop methods, improve available resources, and enhance coordination across the basin. Although our paper describes a regional effort to restore native coregonines, our adaptive-management approach could be used by other multi-agency stakeholders seeking to conserve or restore native fishes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Improvement of tailings impoundment seismic and post-seismic stability using densification and waste rock inclusions.
- Author
-
Contreras, Carlos Andrés, Yniesta, Samuel, and Aubertin, Michel
- Subjects
TAILINGS dams ,SURFACE fault ruptures ,METAL tailings ,GROUND motion ,EARTHQUAKES ,NUMERICAL analysis - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Geotechnical Journal is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Crustal eduction and slab-failure magmatism in an Orosirian (2.05–1.80 Ga) postcollisional cratonic foredeep: geochronology of Seton volcanics and Compton laccoliths, Tu Cho (Great Slave Lake), NWT, Canada.
- Author
-
Hoffman, Paul F., Macdonald, Francis A., Bowring, Samuel A., Ramezani, Jahandar, Buchwaldt, Robert, Hildebrand, Robert S., and Whalen, Joseph B.
- Subjects
VOLCANOLOGY ,GEOLOGICAL time scales ,THRUST belts (Geology) ,MAGMATISM ,OROGENIC belts ,VOLCANISM ,LAKES - Abstract
Three Orosirian basins and associated foreland thrust-fold belts are preserved on the margins of the Slave craton. All three are related to orogenic belts where oceans opened and later closed, uniting new crustal partners. The Great Slave basin differs from the Kilhigok and Coronation basins in ways that have defied explanation. It lacks a passive margin sequence and hosts two discrete igneous suites, separated by large-scale thrusting, that occurred well after the adjacent paleocean had closed. Here we report U–Pb zircon geochronology by chemical abrasion isotope dilution thermal ionization mass spectrometry for a member of each suite to constrain the age and origin of postcollisional thrusting. A widespread pulse of mainly phreatic alkaline volcanism, coeval with renewed foredeep flexure, occurred at 1889.0 ± 0.7 Ma (2σ internal error). A quartz-monzodiorite body, one of a belt-parallel chain of laccoliths that postdate thrusting, was emplaced at 1866.9 ± 0.9 Ma. These ages bracket renewed foredeep sedimentation and thrusting that telescoped major facies zones and was rooted within the basin. The older age is 70 and 30−60 Myr younger than collision in the Thelon and Taltson orogens, respectively. We attribute postcollisional thrusting and foredeep subsidence to "eduction"—the upward and outward ejection of partly subducted crust—and postulate that the top of the ejected wedge was a normal-sense detachment fault projecting beneath the Nonacho basin. We infer that eduction was triggered by slab failure, producing alkaline volcanism, and ended with delamination and laccolith emplacement. Eduction was facilitated by tradewind-driven erosion. Delamination was enabled by crustal transfer to the educted wedge, reducing footwall buoyancy. Slab failure and/or delamination removed the passive margin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Developing a machine learning-based approach for predicting road surface friction using dash camera images—a City of Edmonton, Canada, case study.
- Author
-
Xie, Qian and Kwon, Tae J.
- Subjects
MACHINE learning ,PAVEMENTS ,STANDARD deviations ,FRICTION - Abstract
Although road surface friction is considered the most effective performance measure for maintenance operations, it is not commonly used due to the high cost of collection. As a result, most jurisdictions use subjective visual indicators that qualitatively describe the state of the road surface, even though they create measurement inconsistencies and offer less detailed maintenance tracking. For maintenance personnel to transition into using friction, the collection cost must be reduced. This paper attempts to do so by proposing a low-cost, machine learning-based method for predicting road surface friction using dash camera imagery and demonstrates its feasibility through a case study. The dataset used for this project was collected in the City of Edmonton, AB, Canada during its 2021/2022 winter season. Three models were developed using tree-based algorithms, where all three displayed high performance with an average root mean squared error of 0.0796 or 79.3% accuracy based on RMSPE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Seismic performance assessment of conventional construction concrete moment-resisting frame buildings in Canada using the FEMA P695 methodology.
- Author
-
Fazileh, Farrokh, Khosravi, Sadegh, Dolati, Abouzar, Fathi-Fazl, Reza, and Saatcioglu, Murat
- Subjects
CONCRETE construction ,SEISMIC response ,SYSTEM safety ,ARCHETYPES - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Using synthetic climate datasets for geotechnical and geoenvironmental design problems.
- Author
-
Bashir, Rashid, Sahi, Muhammad A.N., and Sharma, Jitendra
- Subjects
SWELLING soils ,SOIL infiltration ,CIVIL engineers ,CIVIL engineering ,COMPUTER simulation - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Geotechnical Journal is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Semi-quantitative seismic risk screening tool for existing buildings in Canada.
- Author
-
Fathi-Fazl, Reza, Cai, Zhen, Cortés-Puentes, W. Leonardo, and Fazileh, Farrokh
- Subjects
WEB-based user interfaces ,RESOURCE allocation - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Investigation of climate change impacts on early-age cracking of jointed plain concrete pavements in Canada.
- Author
-
Shafiee, Mohammad and Maadani, Omran
- Subjects
CONCRETE pavements ,CLIMATE change ,ATMOSPHERIC temperature ,ATMOSPHERIC models ,WIND speed ,HUMIDITY - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. The law of one price in the United States and Canadian newsprint markets.
- Author
-
Xiaoli Tang and Laaksonen-Craig, Susanna
- Subjects
NEWSPRINT industry ,MARKETS ,HYPOTHESIS ,PRICES - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Forest Research is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Late Wisconsinan buildup and wastage of the Innuitian Ice Sheet across southern Ellesmere Island, Nunavut.
- Author
-
England, John H., Atkinson, Nigel, Dyke, Arthur S., Eans, David J. A., and Zreda, Marek
- Subjects
ICE sheets ,ICE fields ,ABSOLUTE sea level change ,GEOLOGY ,GEOMORPHOLOGY - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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