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Copyright of Canadian Geotechnical Journal is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this paper is to provide a summary of the evolution of seismic design in Canada. This paper presents the significant changes to the approach taken in determining seismic hazards and seismic hazard maps, and describes the evolution of the seismic design provisions of the National building code of Canada. The introduction of important parameters in determining the seismic base shear such as the period of vibration of the structure, the influence of type of soil, and the concepts of ductility and energy dissipation capacity of elements and structures are presented. The levels of seismic design base shears, determined from different versions of the National Building Code of Canada, are compared for reinforced concrete frame and wall structures to illustrate the changes. L'objectif de cet article est de présenter un sommaire de l'évolution de la conception parasismique au Canada en se référant aux modifications des efforts sismiques prescrits par le Code National du Bâtiment du Canada. Les changements majeurs concernant l'aléa sismique et les cartes sismiques correspondantes qui ont été créées sont présentés. On présente également les paramètres importants, qui influencent le calcul sismique de l'effort tranchant à la base, tels que la période de la structure, l'influence du type de sols, les concepts de ductilité et de dissipation d'énergie. La variabilité du niveau des charges sismiques, pour les différentes versions du Code National du Bâtiment du Canada, est présentée pour les cadres en béton et les refends, afin d'illustrer ces changements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Full-scale tests provide valuable information on the characteristics of building structures that can be used to evaluate design methods, to calibrate modelling techniques, and to determine damage corresponding to loading levels. These tests are scarce due to the enormous requirements in testing space and specialized testing equipment. The seismic behaviour of a full-scale, two-storey, reinforced high-performance concrete building designed with moderate ductility detailing is evaluated by pseudo-dynamic testing, during which increasing seismic loads are applied, resulting in increasing levels of permanent damage to the structure. To monitor the level of damage, a series of successive forced-vibration tests are also carried out at each step of the process and are used to track changes in the key dynamic properties of the building. The paper presents the design of the test structure according to the new edition of the CSA A23.3-04 Design of concrete structures standard, the series of pseudo-dynamic tests simulating different levels of earthquake excitation consistent with the 2005 edition of the National building code of Canada, and the evaluation of the performance of the building. It is shown that the detailing requirements of CSA A23.3-04 are more than adequate to provide the ductility and overstrength expected. Les essais à grande échelle fournissent des informations importantes sur les caractéristiques des structures pouvant être utilisées pour évaluer les méthodes de dimensionnement, pour calibrer des techniques de modélisation, et pour déterminer l'endommagement correspondant à des niveaux de chargement. La rareté de ces essais est due principalement à la nécessité de disposer de grands espaces de laboratoire et d'équipements d'essais spécialisés. Dans cet article, le comportement d'un bâtiment en vraie grandeur de deux étages est évalué par essais pseudo-dynamiques dans lesquels le bâtiment est soumis à des niveaux d'excitation sismique croissants causant des dommages de plus en plus importants à la structure. Le bâtiment est construit en béton à hautes performances pour posséder une ductilité modérée. Des essais en vibration forcée sont utilisées pour évaluer les changements dans les propriétés dynamiques de la structure. L'article présente le dimensionnement de la structure d'après la nouvelle édition de la norme CSA A23.3-04, Dimensionnement des structures en béton, la suite des essais pseudo-dynamiques simulant les différents niveaux d'excitation des tremblements de terre consistants avec le Code national du bâtiment du Canada 2005, et l'évaluation de la performance du bâtiment. On montre que les règlements de la norme CSA A23.3-04 sont tout à fait adéquats pour assurer le niveau de ductilité et de surcapacité désiré. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Presents a study that investigated seismic design using the equivalent static load method. Background on approaches in determining seismic load forces; Analysis of the effects of higher modes on base shear; Results and implications for the proposed 2005 edition of the National Building Code of Canada.

Discusses changes in the provisions of the proposed 2005 edition of the National Building Code of Canada regarding seismic loading and design. Seismic hazards in spectral format; Probability of exceedance; Calculation of fundamental periods; Treatment of irregularities; Dynamic analysis requirements.

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The seismic response of tubular steel wind turbine towers is of significant concern as they are increasingly being installed in seismic areas and design codes do not clearly address this aspect of design. The seismic hazard is hence assessed for the Canadian seismic environment using implicit finite element analysis and incremental dynamic analysis of a 1.65 MW wind turbine tower. Its behaviour under seismic excitation is evaluated, damage states are defined, and a framework is developed for determining the probability of damage of the tower at varying seismic hazard levels. Results of the implementation of this framework in two Canadian locations are presented herein, where the risk was found to be low for the seismic hazard level prescribed for buildings. However, the design of wind turbine towers is subject to change, and the design spectrum is highly uncertain. Thus, a methodology is outlined to thoroughly investigate the probability of reaching predetermined damage states under any seismic loading conditions for future considerations. La réponse sismique des tours d'éoliennes en tubes d'acier est une question importante puisque ces dernières sont de plus en plus installées dans zones sismiques et que les codes de calculs ne traitent pas clairement de cet aspect de la conception. Les aléas sismiques sont ainsi évalués pour l'environnement sismique canadien en utilisant une analyse implicite par éléments finis et une analyse dynamique incrémentielle pour une tour d'éolienne de 1,65 MW. Son comportement sous une excitation sismique est évalué, les dommages sont définis et un cadre est établi pour déterminer la probabilité de dommages à la tour à différents niveaux d'aléas sismiques. Les résultats de l'implantation de ce cadre en deux endroits au Canada sont présentés, où le risque était faible pour le niveau d'aléas sismiques prescrit pour les bâtiments. Toutefois, la conception des tours d'éoliennes est sujette à changement et la plage de conception est très incertaine. Ainsi, une méthode est présentée afin d'examiner en détail la probabilité d'atteindre des niveaux de dommages prédéterminés sous des conditions de charge sismique possibles dans l'avenir. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Examines the provisions of the proposed 2005 edition of the National Building Code of Canada for earthquake load and effects on structures. Aim of the proposed provisions; Details of the inclusion of soil effects in the provisions; Examples of calculations for typical multi-story buildings in Canada.

Examines dynamic analysis procedures for the computation of seismic design forces. Categories of dynamic analysis procedures; Information on the seismic provisions of the 1995 National Building Code of Canada; Details of the determination of the structural period to be used in association with the equivalent static force method.

Presents a study that examined foundation factors in seismic codes to capture the amplification effects of local soil conditions on ground motions. Review of developments in categorizing site conditions for seismic codes; Analysis of approaches to foundation factors; Implications of the results for the proposed 2005 edition of the National Building Code of Canada.

Presents a study that examined the provisions of the 1995 National Building Code of Canada (NBCC) with regard to the elastic response of simple asymmetric building models to earthquake motions. Background on the torsion provisions of the 1995 NBCC; Analysis of the torsional response of the single-story building model; Results and implications.

Examines proposed changes to the 2005 edition of the National Building Code of Canada regarding seismic force modification factors. Background on developments in the base shear equation for seismic design; Analysis of several approaches in determining force modification factors; Results and implications.

Provides information on the provisions of the proposed 2005 edition of the National Building Code of Canada regarding earthquake-resistant design. Requirements for complete load paths; Definitions of irregular structures and special design requirements associated with the irregularities; Importance of the effects of displacements.