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The proofs of Theorem 2.2 of K. J. Dykema and M. Rørdam, Purely infinite simple C*-algebras arising from free product constructions, Canad. J. Math. 50 (1998), 323–341 and of Theorem 3.1 of K J. Dykema, Purely infinite simple C*-algebras arising from free product constructions, II,Math. Scand. 90 (2002), 73–86 are corrected.

It is shown that an old direct argument of Erdős and Heilbronn may be elaborated to yield a result of the current inverse type.

Let π: X′ → X be a finite surjective morphism of complex projective manifolds which can be factored by an embedding of X′ into the total space of an ample line bundle 𝓛 over X. A theorem of Lazarsfeld asserts that Betti numbers of X and X′ are equal except, possibly, the middle ones. In the present paper it is proved that the middle numbers are actually non-equal if either 𝓛 is spanned and deg π ≥ dim X, or if X is either a hyperquadric or a projective space and π is not a double cover of an odd-dimensional projective space by a hyperquadric.

We correct two clerical errors made in the paper ”A Lower Bound for the Length of Closed Geodesics on a Finsler Manifold”.

One result concerning the series representation for the continuous Jacobi transform in Walter and Zayed [1] is improved, the same thought also can be applied to the related results in [1].

Let A be an m × n matrix of complex numbers. Let Aτ and A* denote the transpose and conjugate transpose, respectively, of A. We say A is diagonal if A contains only zeros in all positions (i, j) with i ≠ j. In a recently published paper [4], M.H. Pearl established the following fact: There exist real orthogonal matrices O1 and O2 (O1 m-square, O2 n-square) such that O1AO2 is diagonal, if and only if both AA* and A*A are real. It is the purpose of this paper to show that a theorem substantially stronger than this result of Pearl's is included in the real case of a theorem of N.A. Wiegmann [2]. (For other papers related to Wiegmann's, see [l; 3].)

In this paper we will construct an example showing that the problem posed in [1] has a negative answer. Two more theorems on the subject treated in [1] will be included.Let Io = [0, 1], R the reals, and let, for A ⊂ R, Ao be the interior of A. Let {xn} be a sequence in [0, 1> such that 0 = x1 < x2 < … and lim xn = 1. For each n, let In be closed interval having x as its midpoint (except for n = 1 in which case x1 is the left endpoint of I1) such that In ∩ Im= ϕ, and the metric density relative to Io of at 1 is zero. Let Jn be a closed interval in In concentric with In (except for n = 1, where J1 has x1 as its left endpoint) whose length is half that of In

R. A. Brualdi [1] presents a construction yielding matrices whose Birkhoff representation consists of the maximum number of permutation matrices and having 0(2n2) line sum. In this note a counterexample to such a construction is given. Furthermore, a new construction is presented, yielding matrices with lower line sums.

Let M0 be the set of measures μ on the real line such that open sets are μ*-immeasurable. While attempting to find out whether a set μ*-measurable for all μ in Mo is mapped into a similar set by a continuous function of bounded variation, Maurice Sion develops a theory for what he calls variational measure (4). As an application of the theory, he gets conditions on a function f and a set of measures M in order that f map a set, which is μ*-measurable for all μ ∈ M, into a set of the same kind. In particular he proves for his class M2 (def. 2.5), the following theorem (4, § 8.11).

Suppose X is a simply-connected CW- complex whose homotopy groups are finite. For each n, let be the class of torsion groups whose p - primary components are zero for all primes p which do not figure in the homotopy groups πi(X) for i ≤ n.

As usual we denote the number of integers not exceeding n and relatively prime to n by Euler's ϕ function ϕ(n). Lehmer calls the ϕ(n) integersthe totatives of n.Denote by ϕ(k,l,n) the number of a's satisfyingIf nl ≡ 0 (mod k) or n(l + 1) ≡ 0 (mod k) then, since n > k, (n - l/k, n) > 1 and (n(l + 1)/k, n)>1 respectively. Thus ϕ(k, l, n) is the number of totatives of n satisfying

In a recent paper Robinson has obtained an explicit formula for the expression of an invariant matrix of an invariant matrix as a direct sum of invariant matrices. The object of the present note is to show that this formula may be deduced from known properties of Schur functions, with the aid of a result which the author has proved elsewhere.

The aim of this note is to point out a mistake in the proof of Theorem 2 of Wong's paper [1], We first give an example to show that the theore as stated is not true.Example 1. Consider the cartesian plane and the graph H with equation .

There are several statements in [3] which require clarification.Theorem 1 [3, p. 246] states that U3= U2U4 U2-1U4 U2 U4. In fact this is (essentially) the relation O = PUPU-1PU given in [1, p. 91, (7.35)]. To see this we note that 0 = U3, P = U4, U = U4U2U4 (as explained in [1, p. 88]); since U42, = E

Mason, [1, Theorem 2.6], proved that for any near-ring R, there are no non-trivial injective R-modules. In his proof he embedded R into a simple R -module G of arbitrarily high cardinality.

In this short paper we present an existence (an unicity) result for a first order differential equation in Hilbert spaces with right-hand side almost-periodic in the sense of Stepanoff.

All algebras are assumed to be finite dimensional and not necessarily associative. An involution of an algebra is an algebra automorphism of order two. A quasi-division algebra is any algebra in which the non-zero elements form a quasi-group under multiplication. The purpose of this short paper is to determine the structure of all involutions of quasi-division algebras and to give an application of this result.

We compare crystal combinatorics of the level 2 Fock space with the classification of unitary irreducible representations of type B rational Cherednik algebras to study how unitarity behaves under parabolic restriction. First, we show that any finite-dimensional unitary irreducible representation of such an algebra is labeled by a bipartition consisting of a rectangular partition in one component and the empty partition in the other component. This is a new proof of a result that can be deduced from theorems of Montarani and Etingof-Stoica. Second, we show that the crystal operators that remove boxes preserve the combinatorial conditions for unitarity, and that the parabolic restriction functors categorifying the crystals send irreducible unitary representations to unitary representations. Third, we find the supports of the unitary representations., This paper supersedes arXiv:1907.00919 and contains that paper as a subsection. 35 pages, some color figures

This paper classifies Poisson structures with the reduced simple normal crossing divisor on a product of Fano varieties of Picard number 1. The characterization of even-dimensional projective spaces from the viewpoint of Poisson structures is given by Lima and Pereira. In this paper, we generalize the characterization of projective spaces to any dimension.

A finitely presented 1-ended group $G$ has semistable fundamental group at infinity if $G$ acts geometrically on a simply connected and locally compact ANR $Y$ having the property that any two proper rays in $Y$ are properly homotopic. This property of $Y$ captures a notion of connectivity at infinity stronger than “1-ended”, and is in fact a feature of $G$, being independent of choices. It is a fundamental property in the homotopical study of finitely presented groups. While many important classes of groups have been shown to have semistable fundamental group at infinity, the question of whether every $G$ has this property has been a recognized open question for nearly forty years. In this paper we attack the problem by considering a proper but non-cocompact action of a group $J$ on such an $Y$. This $J$ would typically be a subgroup of infinite index in the geometrically acting over-group $G$; for example $J$ might be infinite cyclic or some other subgroup whose semistability properties are known. We divide the semistability property of $G$ into a $J$-part and a “perpendicular to $J$” part, and we analyze how these two parts fit together. Among other things, this analysis leads to a proof (in a companion paper) that a class of groups previously considered to be likely counter examples do in fact have the semistability property.

This note corrects an error in our paper “A Galois correspondence for reduced crossed products of unital simple $\text{C}^{\ast }$-algebras by discrete groups”, http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/CJM-2018-014-6. The main results of the original paper are unchanged.

The Orthogonal Least Squares (OLS) algorithm is an efficient sparse recovery algorithm that has received much attention in recent years. On one hand, this paper considers that the OLS algorithm recovers the supports of sparse signals in the noisy case. We show that the OLS algorithm exactly recovers the support of $K$-sparse signal $\boldsymbol{x}$ from $\boldsymbol{y}=\boldsymbol{\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F7}}\boldsymbol{x}+\boldsymbol{e}$ in $K$ iterations, provided that the sensing matrix $\boldsymbol{\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F7}}$ satisfies the restricted isometry property (RIP) with restricted isometry constant (RIC) $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}_{K+1}, and the minimum magnitude of the nonzero elements of $\boldsymbol{x}$ satisfies some constraint. On the other hand, this paper demonstrates that the OLS algorithm exactly recovers the support of the best $K$-term approximation of an almost sparse signal $\boldsymbol{x}$ in the general perturbations case, which means both $\boldsymbol{y}$ and $\boldsymbol{\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F7}}$ are perturbed. We show that the support of the best $K$-term approximation of $\boldsymbol{x}$ can be recovered under reasonable conditions based on the restricted isometry property (RIP).

This paper investigates regularity in Lorentz spaces for weak solutions of a class of divergence form quasi-linear parabolic equations with singular divergence-free drifts. In this class of equations, the principal terms are vector field functions that are measurable in ($x,t$)-variable, and nonlinearly dependent on both unknown solutions and their gradients. Interior, local boundary, and global regularity estimates in Lorentz spaces for gradients of weak solutions are established assuming that the solutions are in BMO space, the John–Nirenberg space. The results are even new when the drifts are identically zero, because they do not require solutions to be bounded as in the available literature. In the linear setting, the results of the paper also improve the standard Calderón–Zygmund regularity theory to the critical borderline case. When the principal term in the equation does not depend on the solution as its variable, our results recover and sharpen known available results. The approach is based on the perturbation technique introduced by Caffarelli and Peral together with a “double-scaling parameter” technique and the maximal function free approach introduced by Acerbi and Mingione.

Alfred Schild has established conditions that Lorentz transformationsmap world-vectors (ct, x, y, z) with integer coordinates onto vectors of the same kind. These transformations are called integral Lorentz transformations.This paper contains supplements to our earlier work with a new focus on group theory. To relate the results to the familiar matrix group nomenclature, we associate Lorentz transformations with matrices in SL(z, ℂ). We consider the lattice of subgroups of the group originated in Schild’s paper and obtain generating sets for the full group and its subgroups.

Ostrowski's theorem implies that $\log(x),\log(x+1),\ldots$ are algebraically independent over $\mathbb{C}(x)$. More generally, for a linear differential or difference equation, it is an important problem to find all algebraic dependencies among a non-zero solution $y$ and particular transformations of $y$, such as derivatives of $y$ with respect to parameters, shifts of the arguments, rescaling, etc. In the present paper, we develop a theory of Tannakian categories with semigroup actions, which will be used to attack such questions in full generality. Deligne studied actions of braid groups on categories and obtained a finite collection of axioms that characterizes such actions to apply it to various geometric constructions. In this paper, we find a finite set of axioms that characterizes actions of semigroups that are finite free products of semigroups of the form $\mathbb{N}^n\times \mathbb{Z}/n_1\mathbb{Z}\times\ldots\times\mathbb{Z}/n_r\mathbb{Z}$ on Tannakian categories. This is the class of semigroups that appear in many applications., Comment: minor revision

The closest infinite dimensional relatives of compact Lie algebras are Hilbert-Lie algebras, i.e. real Hilbert spaces with a Lie algebra structure for which the scalar product is invariant. Locally affine Lie algebras (LALAs) correspond to double extensions of (twisted) loop algebras over simple Hilbert-Lie algebras $\mathfrak{k}$, also called affinisations of $\mathfrak{k}$. They possess a root space decomposition whose corresponding root system is a locally affine root system of one of the $7$ families $A_J^{(1)}$, $B_J^{(1)}$, $C_J^{(1)}$, $D_J^{(1)}$, $B_J^{(2)}$, $C_J^{(2)}$ and $BC_J^{(2)}$ for some infinite set $J$. To each of these types corresponds a "minimal" affinisation of some simple Hilbert-Lie algebra $\mathfrak{k}$, which we call standard. In this paper, we give for each affinisation $\mathfrak{g}$ of a simple Hilbert-Lie algebra $\mathfrak{k}$ an explicit isomorphism from $\mathfrak{g}$ to one of the standard affinisations of $\mathfrak{k}$. The existence of such an isomorphism could also be derived from the classification of locally affine root systems, but for representation theoretic purposes it is crucial to obtain it explicitely as a deformation between two twists which is compatible with the root decompositions. We illustrate this by applying our isomorphism theorem to the study of positive energy highest weight representations of $\mathfrak{g}$. In subsequent work, the present paper will be used to obtain a complete classification of the positive energy highest weight representations of affinisations of $\mathfrak{k}$., Comment: 22 pages; Minor corrections

Suppose that G is a finite group and k is a field of characteristic p > 0. A ghost map is a map in the stable category of finitely generated kG-modules which induces the zero map in Tate cohomology in all degrees. In an earlier paper we showed that the thick subcategory generated by the trivial module has no nonzero ghost maps if and only if the Sylow p-subgroup of G is cyclic of order 2 or 3. In this paper we introduce and study variations of ghost maps. In particular, we consider the behavior of ghost maps under restriction and induction functors. We find all groups satisfying a strong form of Freyd’s generating hypothesis and show that ghosts can be detected on a finite range of degrees of Tate cohomology. We also consider maps that mimic ghosts in high degrees.

Let X(n), for n ∊ ℕ, be the set of all subsets of a metric space (X, d) of cardinality at most n. The set X(n) equipped with the Hausdorff metric is called a finite subset space. In this paper we are concerned with the existence of Lipschitz retractions r: X(n)→ X(n − 1) for n ≥ 2. It is known that such retractions do not exist if X is the one-dimensional sphere. On the other hand, Kovalev has recently established their existence if X is a Hilbert space, and he also posed a question as to whether or not such Lipschitz retractions exist when X is a Hadamard space. In this paper we answer the question in the positive.

The Qpspaces of holomorphic functions on the disk, hyperbolic Riemann surfaces or complex unit ball have been studied deeply. Meanwhile, there are a lot of papers devoted to theclasses of meromorphic functions on the disk or hyperbolic Riemann surfaces. In this paper, we prove the nesting property (inclusion relations) ofclasses on hyperbolic Riemann surfaces. The same property for Qp spaces was also established systematically and precisely in earlier work by the authors of this paper.