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The study aims to determine the “Geography Literacy” levels of senior year pre-service teachers. To do so, the correlations between geo-literacy on the one hand, and the program the student is enrolled in, the type of settlement the student lived in during secondary education, the type of high school the student graduated from, the student’s travel experience so far, and attitudes towards geography on the other, were assessed. The study was carried out with 4th year pre-service teachers (n=427) enrolled in six programs in the faculty of education, during the fall semester of academic year 2018-2019. The “Geography Literacy Test” developed by Gençtürk (2009) was used as the data collection tool. The data gathered were analyzed through descriptive, independent samples t-test, one-way ANOVA, chi-square, and Pearson correlation techniques. The study revealed that the geo-literacy levels of pre-service teachers were inadequate. Moreover, the geography literacy levels were found to exhibit significant variance with reference to gender, attitudes, the type of high school, the program the student is enrolled in, and the type of settlement the student lived in during secondary education. The findings were then used as the basis of specific proposals for increasing geo-literacy levels and paving the way for future studies.

The coronavirus emerging in China has rapidly become a global epidemic. Many sanctions come to the fore to prevent the spread of the epidemic. One of them is that people stay at home and do not leave the house unless it is necessary. This necessity has affected the education system as in all areas of life. Universities have switched to the distance education system. Unfortunately, many universities do not have sufficient infrastructure or resources to facilitate instantly effective online teaching. In this study, it was aimed to determine the problems faced by the graphic design department students during the distance education process conducted during the Covid-19 pandemic period, their opinions on distance education and their job anxiety levels. This study is important in terms of determining the level of job anxiety faced by graphic designer candidates during their education, taking necessary precautions, supporting them in eliminating these concerns, raising their awareness on the subject and making determinations to reduce job anxiety. It is important to know the thoughts of students towards distance education especially during the pandemic period in order to increase the quality of education. The sample of the research consists of students studying in the field of graphic design in the 2020-2021 academic year in Turkey. The stratified sampling method was used in sample selection. Distance Education Attitude Scale and Job Anxiety Scale were used in the study. The sampling was carried out with the voluntary participation. Research data were collected from Google Forms through a questionnaire consists of personal information and the scales. SPSS 21 (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) statistical software was used for data analysis. The relationship between job anxiety level and distance education satisfaction level is seen that there is almost zero and statistically insignificant. The anxiety score for this group of students is above the average and reasons should be analyze in great detail. On the other hand, distance education attitude score is below the average. The reasons would be related to being unprepared to this period. The most important factor in the occurrence of this situation is being caught unprepared for this process. While job anxiety differed in the level of satisfaction with the program, the distance education attitude differed in the education level of the mother, the education level of the father, grades and the level of satisfaction with the program. Although the relationship between the two scales was not significant in the study, it was observed that the distance education limitation factor was in a negative but weak and significant relationship between all factors of the job anxiety scale.

The research aimed at: 1) studying practical skills of student teachers majoring in Social Studies at Mahasarakham University through blended learning management using creativity-based learning model that enhances their creative thinking; 2) comparing the students’ creative thinking abilities before and after learning; 3) investigating the students’ satisfaction towards blended learning management through creativity-based learning model. The participants of the study were 30 fourth-year students majoring in Social Studies who were enrolled in Social Study Instructional Media Production course offered in Semester 2 of Academic Year 2020. The purposive sampling technique was employed to obtain the participants. The instruments used in the study include 1) five lesson plans of blended learning management based on creativity-based learning model as to enhance students’ creative thinking; 2) creative thinking test; and 3) the 12-item students’ satisfaction evaluation form towards blended learning and creativity-based learning model as to enhance creative thinking. The statistics used to analyze the collected data were mean, percentage, standard deviation, and t-test (Dependent Samples). The findings of the study are as follows: 1) After the use of creativity-based learning, it was found that the student teachers majoring in Social Studies at Mahasarakham University obtained 510.20 for the mean score of the post-study activities, 3.28 standard deviation, and 85.10 percent. 2) The comparison of creative thinking before and after learning showed that the students’ creative thinking after learning was statistically significantly higher than that before learning at 0.5 level. 3) The students’ satisfaction towards blended learning management in the form of creativity-based learning model that promotes creative thinking ability was at high level.

This research article deals with two objectives. The first objective was to develop the professional competence of social studies teacher in the education sandbox. The second objective was to propose social studies classroom-based action learning management innovation to develop professional competence of social studies teacher in the education sandbox and to assess satisfaction levels of students in developing professional competence of social studies teacher in the education sandbox. The conducted research in this article was classroom-based action research whereby the assessment form of area-based competence perception of educational students in Chiang Mai education sandbox, Faculty of Education, Chiang Mai University (pre- and post-assessment). The sample group used in the research consisted of senior educational students in the field of social studies of the second semester of the academic year 2020 accounting for 30 people. For the analysis, descriptive statistics were used. Results of statistical data analysis were shown as mean and standard deviation. From the research results, it was found that the level of perceived competence of becoming a professional teacher in Thailand education sandbox consisted of 3 aspects. 1) For the aspect of self-efficacy regarding knowledge and understanding in becoming a professional teacher, the average summation of the 4 competencies was as follows: the perception was at a high level. 2) For the aspect of skills and capacity in becoming a professional teacher in the Chiang Mai education sandbox, the average summation of 4 competencies was as follows: the perception was at a high level. 3) For the aspect of attitudes on becoming a professional teacher in the Chiang Mai education sandbox, the average summation of 4 competencies was as follows: the perception was at a high level.

This study aimed to examine students’ perceptions of the effectiveness of virtual classrooms in enhancing their communication skills. Study participants were 43 female English majors at the College of Education at a Saudi Arabian university. This study was conducted during the first semester of the 2020/2021 academic year when COVID-19 restrictions necessitated online learning. The study implemented a mixed methodology approach in which qualitative and quantitative tools were used to collect data. Two data collection instruments were used: a questionnaire and observations. In the questionnaire findings, students identified lack of confidence, anxiety surrounding making mistakes, and lack of vocabulary as their greatest challenges when communicating in English. The questionnaire also revealed that students held positive attitudes towards the effectiveness of virtual classrooms in enhancing their oral communication skills. The observation data revealed that virtual classrooms can play a significant role in enhancing students’ communication skills. However, despite their positive views of virtual classrooms, students agreed that the lack of face-to-face communication was a major obstacle in online learning. &nbsp

The purposes of this research were to: 1) study whether the use of literature activities improved EFL students’ reading skills and critical thinking skills according to CEFR at C1 level; 2) investigate students’ critical thinking skills in studying a literature course; and 3) examine students’ attitudes towards the use of literature activities in developing reading skills and critical thinking skills. The sample consisted of 47 second-year English major students who were enrolled in the Introduction to Literature Course in the academic year 2020 at a public university in the northern part of Thailand. The instruments included five lesson plans using literature activities to develop reading skills and critical thinking skills, a reading test, a reflective writing task, and a list of semi-structured interview questions. T-test, mean, and standard deviation calculations including content analysis were used for data analysis. This study found that the EFL students’ reading skills and critical thinking skills improved significantly following participation in literature activities based on Reader-Response theory. The EFL students demonstrated average level critical thinking skills and they held positive attitudes towards the use of literature activities for developing reading skills and critical thinking skills.

This study aimed at identifying the perceptions of Islamic education teachers in Jordan concerning the use and the challenges of Darsak platform. The study sample consisted of (112) teachers of Islamic education at Marka Directorate of Education, Amman, during the academic year 2020/2021. The study sample, comprised of (30%) of the study population, was chosen using the stratified random sampling method. Questionnaire was used as a tool to gather data from the targeted group; after verifying the validity and reliability of the collected data. Appropriate statistical methods were used to analyze collected data. The study found that the perceptions of the teachers of Islamic education concerning Darsak platform lessons were generally average, whereas their perceptions concerning the platform challenges were of a high degree. The results of the study indicated that there were no statistically significant differences at the level of (α = 0.05) in the perceptions of the teachers of Islamic education concerning Darsak platform lessons and challenges attributed to the variables of gender, qualifications, and years of experience. Among the most prominent recommendations of the study were that the Ministry of Education should conduct a comprehensive review of the Islamic education lessons on Darsak platform to rectify the errors that were mentioned in some lessons. It should also reupload the modified versions of the lessons of Islamic education on the platform. Further, the Ministry of Education should employ variety of methods and strategies in presenting Islamic education lessons.

The purpose of this qualitative research was to describe the opinions of teachers’ students toward teachers who smoked in Thailand. The population was teachers’ students (N=30) in their 1st–5th academic year of the Faculty of Education who participated based on purposive sampling according to eligibility criteria. The QDA Miner Lite program was used to analyze the qualitative data. The results indicated that the teachers’ students understanding of a teacher was a person who conveys knowledge, experience and life skills in various fields for students both inside and outside the classroom and school. They should be a good person with knowledge and qualifications, displaying exemplary maturity in every way and be a role model. Like a family that gives love and keeps training and teaching in the right way. A teacher should be a good adviser and listen to problems. The ideal teacher must love to teach proficiently and be knowledgeable in what is being taught, allowing students to understand various forms of knowledge and be current. Smoking also affects being a teachers’ students, in terms of inappropriateness and was not suitable for future teachers as it could affect the image of the organization. It also has harmful effect on health. A method that is likely to help prevent smoking among teachers’ students and teachers is to create awareness through training and organizing various projects such as establishing a smoking cessation treatment center and campaigning for ways to replace smoking or to refrain from smoking.

In this article we present the results of a pilot implementation of a course in Higher Education Pedagogy in a Department of Education in Greece. Our goal is to investigate whether a similar course may be introduced into the undergraduate curriculum of a Department of Education. The course was taught according to remote flipped classroom approach, whereas the assessment is based on the views and opinions of the students who attended the course during the academic year 2020-2021, i.e., during the COVID-19 pandemic period. According to the findings of the research, the course achieved a particularly high evaluation degree regarding the interest it attracted, the usefulness and its relevance to the other courses of the curriculum of a Department of Education, while its introduction in a curriculum of this type produces additional benefits, both for the development of the students and for the field of HEP.

In the current study, it is aimed to determine the correlation between cognitive flexibility levels and goal orientation levels of the students who are preparing for special talent exams for sports, and to compare these in terms of various demographics. The study group of the research consists of students (n=351) preparing for special talent exams in order to study at faculties/schools of higher education of sports of the universities predetermined through convenience sampling method, which is a sampling method that is not based on probability, that will accept students for 2021-2022 academic year. 180 of the participants are female (51.3%) whereas 171 of them are male (48.7%). In the study, “Cognitive Flexibility Inventory” (CFI) and “Task and Ego Orientation in Sports Questionnaire” (TEOSQ) are used. In order to evaluate CFI and TEOSQ levels of the participants in terms of various demographic features, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson Correlation tests are used. Before the statistical analysis of the obtained data, skewness and kurtosis values of the data are calculated to determine if the data has normal distribution, and it is determined that the data has normal distribution. As a result of the research, it is determined that there is a significant and positive correlation between cognitive flexibility and task-oriented goals and ego-oriented goals. In addition, it is seen that there is a significant difference in control subscale of cognitive flexibility and goal-oriented and ego-oriented targets subscales of participants when the high schools of the participants are considered.

This study aims to examine the listening comprehension strategies used by foreign language learners who are learning languages through distance education. It also aims to explore how the use of listening comprehension strategies differs in terms of three variables, namely, gender, L2, and department majored. To do this, the Listening Strategy Inventory was administered to students attending English and German language classes through distance education at three state universities in Turkey. The data were collected during the 2020-2021 academic year. The study used quantitative analysis methods. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and the statistical analyses independent samples t-test. The findings revealed that students use listening comprehension strategies at a moderate level. The most commonly used listening comprehension strategies were those for while listening and nonverbal strategies, while learners use word-oriented strategies the least. The study also revealed statistically significant differences by gender in foreign language learners’ listening comprehension strategies, but no significant differences for department majored and L2 variables. It is recommended that individual differences be considered when teaching listening comprehension strategies to foreign language learners.

This descriptive study determined the predictors of research performance of the graduate students in Occidental Mindoro State College, San Jose, Occidental Mindoro, Philippines. This research specifically looked into the graduate students’ level of research performance, attitude towards research, challenges encountered, and the strategies employed to cope with the research challenges. A total of 41 completely enumerated students enrolled in Methods of Research and Thesis Writing during the second semester of Academic Year 2018-2019 served as respondents of the study. The study found that the graduate students’ level of research performance is high, specifically in writing the statement of the problem, hypothesis, significance of the study, and definition of terms. They have a positive attitude towards research in terms of usefulness and predispositions. They have negative research anxiety. Challenges encountered include insufficient funds, developing interest, inability to select researchable topics, and limited related literature. Coping strategies employed were frequent consultations with the adviser, seeking help from other competent faculty and students, using technology, and giving material appreciation. Attitude and challenges encountered were found to be predictors of the graduate student’s research performance. A positive attitude towards research and the moderate challenges encountered could affect the graduate student’s research performance.

This research, which was conducted in order to reveal the cognitive structures of high school students regarding the concept of energy through the word association test, was designed in a survey model. Word association test was used as a data collection tool. After the necessary information was given to the students, they were given three minutes and they were asked to write the first words that came to mind about the key concept. The study group of the research consists of 202 students studying in a high school in the province of Malatya in the 2019-2020 academic year. 58 of these students are 9th grade, 46 are 10th grade, 45 are 11th grade and 53 are 12th grade. While choosing the study group of the research, one of the purposeful sampling types was chosen based on easily accessible situation sampling. The words obtained related to the concept of energy are tabulated using Microsoft office excel program. The cut-off points of the tables, which were examined in detail and repeated words were taken into account, were determined. Concept networks were created in line with the determined cut-off points. In the research, 189 different words were produced for the concept of energy by high school students. While 114 of these words were not included in the analysis because they had 4 or less frequencies, 75 words were included in the analysis. Among the words included in the analysis, the most repeated word in the 9th grade was “petrol” (f = 30), the most repeated word in the 10th grade was “fossil fuel” (24), the most repeated word in the 11th grade “electricity” (19), the most repeated word in the 12th grade was found to be “potential” (28). In the comparison between the classes, a difference in quantity and quality is observed. It has been observed that as the grade level increases, the quality of the answers given increases.

The world has witnessed a major pandemic that has threatened the status of education across the globe. Such a crisis highlights the importance of education technology, which has not been an influential part of Kuwait’s education until the onset of COVID-19. Delays and interruptions of the academic year disrupted the lives of many students around the world, including Kuwait. Since e-learning technologies are not traditionally used in Kuwaiti higher education, this study aims to investigate the acceptance of technology and whether that has changed with the pandemic. It seeks to find useful strategies that could assist teachers in effectively using electronic distance-learning digital resources. The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) has been developed to investigate the degrees of usage and acceptance of technology. This paper adopts an improved model that also includes the educational experience of teachers, in an attempt to understand the context of Kuwaiti higher education. Therefore, this quantitative study examines the use and acceptance of educational technologies of English language instructors in higher education. The study uses an online survey among 33 English language instructors at the Public Authority for Applied Education and Training (PAAET) to also account for the perceptions and experiences of the teachers. The results revealed an overall high acceptance level of educational technology, with varying degrees of implementation.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, online learning was an important topic for scholars. A private university in Khon Kaen Province, Thailand followed a policy to create online courses for every subject to ensure that education could proceed effectively. To correspond with the policy, the Matrix Model was integrated with the online course development of an English for Presentation class at this private university. The Matrix Model is also known as SAMR which refers to Substitution, Augmentation, Modification, and Redefinition. The online course was presented in the third semester of the academic year of 2019 with 77 participants who volunteered to participate in this course. The research instruments used in this study were observation, surveying, and interview. The data collections were done at the beginning, during, and after the course to provide a comprehensive study of online learning. The data revealed both positive opinions and obstacles associated with this online learning. The results of using the SAMR model in this study do provide benefits to students and educators and show that 84% of the participants prefer online presentation over in-class presentation.

The purpose of this study is to determine the sport participate motivation of the students who are attending physical education and sports college and to compare them according to the demographic variables. The universe of the research is composed of 480 students who are studying different programs in Bozok University Physical Education and Sports School in 2017-2018 academic year. The sample of the research consists of 180 students who are determined using random sampling technique. As a data collection tool in the research, personal information form and Gill et al. (1983) and Oyar et al. (2001) used the Sport Participation Motivation Scale, adapted to the Turkish population. The data were transferred to the SPSS 18 package program for analysis. Frequency and percentage analyzes, t test, Anova analysis and post hoc tests were used in the statistical analysis of the data. As a result of the analyzes performed, statistically significant differences were determined between the motivations of physical education and sports college students to participate in sports according to the variables of gender, age, department of education and sports branch (p < .05). It was determined that male students have higher motivation to participate in sports than female students. Students between the ages of 18-22 have a higher motivation to participate in sports than students between the ages of 23-27. Physical education and sports teaching department students were found to have higher motivation to participate in sports than the students of the coaching education department and the sports management department. Students who are engaged in team sports have higher motivation to participate in sports than students who are engaged in individual sports.

This research aims to examine how emotion regulation skills and self-control variables influence teacher candidates’ levels of resilience. The research was conducted based on the relational screening model. The research group consisted of a total of 462 students, 225 (48.7%) boys and 237 (51.3%) girls, studying at Afyon Kocatepe University Faculty of Education in the 2020-2021 academic year. The average age of the research group was 20.23. “Personal Information Form”, “Brief Resilience Scale”, “Emotion Regulation Skills Scale” and “Self-Control Scale” were used as data collection tools in the context of the research. Stepwise regression analysis method from multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the data obtained from the research. In the study, it was concluded that emotion regulation skills and self-control significantly predicted teacher candidates’ resilience.

This study investigated middle school students’ thoughts and attitudes towards study habits. The study employed an explanatory sequential design, which is a mixed method. The research consisted of two stages: quantitative and qualitative. The quantitative sample consisted of 205 students (116 girls and 89 boys) of a public middle school in the center of a city in the Central Anatolia Region in the 2019-2020 academic year. For the qualitative stage, fifteen students (seven girls and eight boys) were recruited from the quantitative sample using maximum variation sampling. The quantitative data were collected using the Questionnaire for Study Habits developed by Yenilmez and Özbey. Participants were interviewed using a semi-structured interview form consisting of open-ended questions. The quantitative data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS v. 24.0). The results showed that participants had a moderate level of study habits. Gender and grade level were not correlated with study habits. Participants with appropriate study space had better study habits. Participants associated study habits with success in the future. The results showed that the Internet, tablet, and TV had adverse impacts on study habits and positive or negative effects on parents and teachers.

This study aimed to examine the preservice teachers’ views on the process after entering Code.org and block-based programming (Scratch) training programs, which are carried out by the peer learning method. The study group of the research consists of 41 preservice teachers at the Computer Education and Instructional Technologies departments of a state university and took the Special Teaching Methods 2 course in the spring semester of the 2017-2018 academic year. Considering the criteria determined by the researcher, 7 preservice teachers were selected as educators. As students, 34 preservice teachers participated in the study. In this study, a qualitative research method was used to determine the opinions of preservice teachers on the Code.org and Scratch training programs, which are carried out by the peer learning method. As a data collection tool, the opinion form for the Code.org training programs, the structure of opinion determination on the Scratch training programs, and the personal information form were used. The total duration of the study consists of eight weeks. Data from the preservice teachers were collected weekly using data collection tools and a content analysis technique used in the analysis of the data. At the end of the study, the opinions of the preservice teachers on the study conducted with the peer learning method were determined. It can be said that preservice teacher generally has positive views on peer learning and are satisfied with the peer learning method.

The current study aims to explore the realm of preparing Islamic education teachers in the light of the intellectual security requirements from the point of view of teaching staff at Taibah University. The researcher used the descriptive approach and designed a questionnaire to review the opinions that consisted of two main topics. The first topic is the intellectual security requirements for the academic preparation program (the Specialist Academic Aspect – the Cultural Aspect – the Educational Aspect “Professional”) to encounter radicalism and terrorism. The second topic is the proposed concept to encounter the obstacles to fulfill intellectual security requirements in the preparation colleges programs. Each main topic is subdivided into a set of clauses (42 clauses) for the two topics. The study sample consists of (83) teaching staff members at the preparation colleges. The study has been applied to the study sample during the first semester of the academic year 1439 – 1440 A.H. The study findings show the following: The first topic achieved (78.55%) of the opinions of the study sample members about the preparation program of the Islamic Education teachers in the light of the intellectual security requirements for encountering radicalism and terrorism. The second topic achieved (93%) of the opinions of the study sample members about the proposed concept to overcome the obstacles to meet intellectual security requirements in the preparation programs. There are no differences of the statistical significance level (50. = ∞) among the study sample members toward the questionnaire according to the faculty type for the first topic and the tool in general. There are no differences of the statistical significance level (50. = ∞) among the study sample members toward the questionnaire according to the faculty type for the second topic and the tool in general.

The aim of this study is to determine the historical literacy perception levels of social studies preservice teachers and to examine them in terms of various variables. In this framework, the survey model, one of the quantitative research methods, was used in the research. The sample of this study consisted of 134 social studies preservice teachers studying at the faculty of education of a state university in the 2019-2020 academic year. The data in the study were collected with the "Historical Literacy Perception Scale" developed by Uluçay (2019), after obtaining the necessary permissions. The data obtained from the scale were analyzed using the statistical package program. Considering the results obtained from the study, it was concluded that the social studies preservice teachers in the sample had high levels of historical literacy perception. In addition, their perception levels increased according to the variables of mother's education level and frequency of watching historical movies. On the other hand, their perceptions did not change / differ according to the variables such as grade level, gender, father's education level, tendency to read history books, to follow historical publications and competence of the teachers. Considering the results of the research in general, it can be said that the preservice teachers benefited sufficiently from their university and pre-university education in terms of historical literacy skills.

This study aimed to identify the impact of a digital educational story based on sports on developing alphabetical learning skills among Jordanian pre-school kids in light of the Covid-19 pandemic. The study sample consisted of (29) pre-school kids from the leaders' international schools, "The International Curriculum," which is affiliated to Al-Qweismeh District's Directorate in Amman. The study used an Experimental approach; the study sample chosen by intention randomly was divided into two groups: experimental group (14) kids: (7) girls and (7) boys, and control group (15) kids: (7) are boys, and (8) are girls. To achieve the study's goal, the researchers built a guide for the teacher to implement the experiment; they also built a pre-and post-test consisting of (16) items and provided the Arabic language teacher with digital educational stories based on sport learning the alphabet. The stories include the alphabet lessons: (letter al-ba, letter al-da, letter al-ha, letter al-ain), from the "curriculum in the Arabic language” for the academic year 2020/2021. The results of the study showed that there were statistically significant differences in favor of students of the experimental group, which studied the digital educational story in each Alphabet learning skills: Pronunciation, Abstraction, and writing, in the combined skills, and the absence of statistically significant differences attributed to gender, interaction in testing the skills of learning the alphabet together, and in each of the skills of learning the alphabets: (pronunciation, abstraction, writing). In light of the findings mentioned above, the researchers proposed a set of recommendations that include Arabic language curricula guides in digital educational programs based on sports to be used in learning and teaching processes in teaching Arabic.

An adequate number of healthcare providers is an essential factor in the prosperity of a population. One challenge faced by universities is student dropout. This case-control study aimed to examine the academic, psychological, medical, social, as well as female-related risk factors at a health-sciences university in Saudi Arabia in the academic year 2016-2017. The study included a total of 723 students, of whom 143 dropped out. A validated questionnaire was used to assess risk factors. Comparisons were made using chi-square test with the outcome of interest being dropout at the end of the academic year. Around 20% of students had dropped out by the end of the academic year 2016-2017. Significant risk factors for dropout included male gender, lack of previous university degree, having a primary as well as a secondary specialty choice, not matching into the first specialty choice, English language, and female-related risk factors, such as pregnancy. Health-care education is an inherently stressful environment where dropout is a concerning phenomenon. It is imperative to recognize risk factors and develop strategies to ensure students’ successful adaptation and progress. Policymakers should be aware of the impact of academic and gender-related factors to address and help limit the number of students dropping out of highly needed professions.

This study aims to determine the self-handicapping levels of sports management department students. Furthermore, the study endeavors analyzing the sports management students’ self-handicapping level by gender, grade, grade point average, and exercise status. The study group analyzed with the survey method comprise 158 students enrolled in the Faculty of Sports Science for Sport Management Department at Erciyes University, Kayseri/Turkey during the 2018-2019 academic year. The study utilizes “Self-Handicapping Scale” developed by Jones and Rhodewalt (1982) and adapted to Turkish by Akın, Abacı and Akın (2010) as the data collection tool. The SPSS program was used for data analysis. The results indicate that the sports management students’ self-handicapping level in the study group was “moderate”. Moreover, the self-handicapping levels of the sports management students in the study group did not differ significantly by gender, grade, age and exercise status (p > 0.05). However, it was discovered that self-handicapping levels significantly differ by grade point average (p < 0.05).

The aim of this study is to examine how cognitive flexibility and self-control variables predict the social media addiction levels of university students. Relational model-based screening conducted in the 2020-2021 academic year. The research group studying this study in different universities in Turkey, 230 (47%) were male and 259 (53%) were female, the total of 489 university students. The average age of the research group is 20.21. Social Media Addiction Scale, Cognitive Flexibility Inventory, Self-Control Scale and Personal Information Form were used as data collection tools in the study. The data obtained from the research were analyzed by using the stepwise regression analysis method from multiple linear regression analysis. As a result of the research; it was revealed that cognitive flexibility and self-control variables significantly predicted social media addiction.

This study aimed to find out the degree of practicing career roles among faculty members at Palestine Technical University - Khudouri and Al-Huson University College from their point of view, and knowing the effect of study variables (university, college, years of experience, academic rank) on the degree of practicing career roles. The study was conducted in the first semester of the academic year (2021/2020), when a stratified random sample was chosen from (149) faculty members, i.e., 30% of the study population, which is teaching staff at Palestine Technical University and Al-Huson University College who numbered (497) individuals, and to achieve this goal, a descriptive approach appropriate to the nature of this study was used. A questionnaire consisting of (30) items was designed and distributed in three areas: teaching, scientific research, and community service. The validity and reliability of the study tool were verified. The stability factor was (0.91). The study reached the following results: The field of teaching got the first place in practice, then the field of scientific research, and finally the field of community service, as the study showed that there were no statistically significant differences between the averages of the sample members' estimates attributable to the variables (university, college, years of experience, and rank The academy, and the study recommended the necessity of holding training workshops, and meetings for faculty members at Palestine Technical University and Al-Huson University College, to transfer skills, exchange experiences and knowledge, in addition to developing creativity and solving problems in order to serve the local community, in addition to strengthening the relationship between the university and the local community. By providing the necessary scientific research and educational and cultural activities that help in developing the local community.

This research had 3 objectives. First, to discover the main skills students studying in Tourism (TR) and Hospitality Industry (HI) need to successfully use English. Second, to ascertain the essential skills that students need in English language acquisition. Last, to investigate which skills students found to be the most problematic in English language learning. The informants of 160 students were split by the quota sampling method into two equally sized groups of 80 learners each; i.e., 80 were placed into the Tourism group and 80 into the Hospitably group. Twenty participants were selected equally from each academic year - from first year students to fourth year students - for placement into each category of TR and HI. To acquire relevant data a learner’s perception questionnaire was employed as well as interview questions. Average and standard deviation were used to examine the questionnaire data and content analysis for the interview data. There was a .05 difference statistically between the hospitality industry and tourism students’ English scores. The hospitality industry students scored slightly higher. Conversely, when comparing the different levels of students' attitudes in the 5 language skills, the tourism students scored higher than the hospitality industry students, yet the difference of .05 was also not statistically significant. Additionally, the outcome from a comparison of student satisfaction levels toward English teaching and learning, found that tourism students reported higher satisfaction levels than those of the hospitality industry students. However, the .05 degree of difference was not statistically significant. Also, neither of the student groups were significantly different in terms of enhancing their English skills. Additionally, the interview results showed that improving English language skills and grammatical structures were the skills the students' reported needing the most assistance with in their studies. Neither of the student groups were significantly different in terms of enhancing their English skills. The study found that the main reason that students of both majors desired to improve their English language skills was to improve their grades. The obstacles faced by the students in these two sample groups in using the English language are not very different, since most of the interviewed people reported that the skills of listening and speaking as being the greatest problems in their communication. Another similarity between the two sample groups was that students of both majors expressed a positive attitude toward their English language learning.

Background: Lately in national and international reports, there has been an increasing interest on the significance of the development of reading skills. Countries are facing the problem of a decrease in reading habits (Niemann, 2016; Iyengar, 2007). Method: This study examines the perceived use of metacognitive strategies among undergraduate students during reading, which encompasses the use of metacognitive strategies before, during and after reading. The sample group comprised 236 students at Primary Education (PE) and Social Studies Teaching (SST), Language & Literature (LL) and Sociology departments during 2014–2015 academic year. The data were collected using the Metacognitive Awareness of Reading Strategies Inventory (MARSI) and reading comprehension achievement tests (informative and narrative). Results: Overall strategy use among the sample group was “high”. Whether there was a significant difference among students’ perceived use of strategies in reading based on gender, grade, faculty and department was investigated. The results indicated a significant difference based on gender and grade level. Finally, it was found that as the reading comprehension increased in narrative texts, so did the strategy use in overall scale as well as in Global Reading Strategies and Problem Solving Strategies sub-scales. Conclusion: The findings indicated gender differences in the use of reading strategies. It can be suggested that students be provided with reading strategies training that considers the gender differences in the use of metacognitive strategies in reading. In addition, based on the grade difference between freshmen and senior students, in favor of senior students and arising from including strategy use training in the curriculum, reading and learning strategies training could be provided for students during undergraduate education.

In this study, the Audience Response System was investigated as an additional tool for interaction, and its effects on the educational environment were examined. The system was implemented at the Faculty of Sports Sciences of Trakya University in the fall semester of the 2019-2020 academic year. A pre-test of 20 questions, which was asked in the educational sciences section of the public personnel selection examination and had a similar item difficulty index, was applied to the experimental and control groups prior to the implementation of the ARS. Then, the experimental group was asked to solve the educational sciences questions with the help of the ARS-supported lectures, which were delivered 4 h a week for a total of 16 h. The same implementation was imposed on the control group without the ARS support and with the classical recitation method. A post-test of 20 questions with a similar item difficulty index was administered to both groups after this test. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 25.0 package program. A t-test was used to determine the differences between the arithmetic mean of the pre-test and post-test scores of the students. Because the unequaledcontrol group method was used in the experiment design, the “ANOVA for Repeated Measurements” was used for intragroup and intergroup comparisons. In conclusion, it was determined that the implementation of interactive interaction technologies in the educational environment will capture the interest of students and amplify their motivation levels. The results of the study support the conclusion that the ARS system stimulates the sensory organs in terms of understanding the subject, thereby increasing the level of learning.

This study aims to analyze participation motivation of the students studying in the department of Physical education and Sports teaching. The study population consists of 160 students from the Department of Physical Education and Sports Teaching in Kazım Karabekir Faculty of Education at Atatürk University in the 2019-2020 academic year. The study sample is 99 students out of 160 students by choosing the random sampling method. A form consisting of two parts has been used as a data collection tool in the study. In the first part of the data collection tool, there is a personal information form, including the students’ age, gender, and sports information branch. In the second part, participation motivation questionnaire has been used. Normal distribution criteria have been controlled using Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk tests in the obtained data. Non-parametric tests have been used in the next stage’s statistical analysis. While comparisons of gender and sports type have been fulfilled with the Mann Whitney-U test, the Kruskal Wallis test has been used for the age variable. Consequently, it has been observed that the most crucial reason directing students to sports is “skill development” and the least important reason is “friends”. When looking at the values obtained from the Participation Motivation Questionnaire by gender, it is evident that there is no statistically significant difference according to the scores obtained by male and female students from the sub-dimensions of the scale.

The role of motivation in foreign language teaching has been a debated issue for long years. One of the problematic issues is the motivation problem encountered in foreign language courses. Because, the most important factor affecting academic success is motivation. Most researchers argued that as the motivation level increases, the level of foreign language learning will increase and students will learn foreign languages more easily. In this research, motivation attitudes of state and private elementary school students in foreign language courses in Turkey were examined. At the same time, the relationship between foreign language and motivation attitude of state and private elementary school students was tried to be determined. The sample of the research is 747 students in 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th grades selected by random sampling from a Private Elementary School and a State Elementary School in Adana Province, Turkey, in 2018-2019 academic year. In the research, the participants were applied the Academic Motivation Scale-AMS and there was a significant effect on the motivation of different school type (state and private), gender, school and primary school was not examined. The difference between motivation levels of the students in state and private schools was tried to be determined. In the study, Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficiency and Independent Sample t-test Analysis were performed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences—SPSS 22 Programme. According to the results, it was found that the motivation level differed according to the gender and school type.

The purpose of the study is to determine the opinions of graduate students from social studies education regarding the qualitative research method. The study was conducted in accordance with the phenomenological design, one of the qualitative research designs. The sample group of the study was composed of 25 postgraduate students including 11 females and 14 males studying in the Department of Social Studies Education in Division of Turkish Language and Social Sciences Education of Educational Sciences Institute, in Firat University in the spring semester of the 2019-2020 academic year. The sample group was determined with criterion sampling, one of the purposeful sampling methods. The data of the study were obtained through interview method by using semi-structured interview form. Content analysis method was used in the analysis of the data obtained in the study and the qualitative data analysis program was employed to assess the data. It was determined as a result of the study that the graduate students expressed the qualitative research method as sensitivity to the natural environment, in-depth examination of a social phenomenon, and revealing perception and experiences. Since the qualitative research experience positively affect the knowledge and skills of the graduate students towards the study, they should be included more in the research environment and process. In addition, during the qualitative research process, graduate students should be encouraged and directed to academic activities.

This research investigates students’ ability in writing skill in the intermediate stage during the academic year 2018/2019. The research followed the analytical descriptive approach in which a test was given to a sample of (300) students in the middle stage in Arar city in Saudi Arabia. The results showed there were no statistically significant differences in students’ ability level in writing skills according to gender variable. The results revealed that there were statistically significant differences in the students’ ability level in writing skills according to the grade variable in favor of the third-grade average. The researchers recommended the need to increase the Arabic language teachers’ awareness of the importance to develop some writing skills such as writing Hamza (a glottal stop) and writing Nunation.

This study was conducted with a total of 158 students from 6th, 7th and 8th grades in two different secondary schools located in Siirt in the academic year of 2020-2021 to examine students’ anxiety about the science lesson in terms of various variables and to determine the reasons for science anxiety. The study was conducted on the basis of a mixed design. While quantitative data were collected using the “Science Anxiety Scale (SAS)” and qualitative data were collected using the “Anxiety Form”. Through the SAS, the anxiety levels of the students were determined and the relationship between the scale anxiety score and gender, grade levels, income levels and type of school was examined. The data collected by the SAS were analysed using the SPSS 26 package program. The content analysis of the data collected with the anxiety form was carried out. It was determined in the quantitative part of the research that there is no significant relationship between science anxiety and gender, 6th-grade students have higher science anxiety in the environmental sub-dimension compared to 7th and 8th-grades, and there is a significant relationship between family income level and type of school and anxiety scores, science anxiety decreased as the income level increased, and students studying at private school had less science anxiety. Based on the qualitative data of the study, anxieties of the study are mainly related to the science lesson, notably related to the exam, rote learning, hardness of lessons, the anxiety of falling behind in the class, and the homework. However, while some students have anxiety about the attitude and questions of teachers, others are instinctively anxious about giving wrong or no answers arising from attitudes and morale. While 3% of the students are anxious about everything, 14.9% are anxious about nothing. Their responses to the items of the questionnaire and the anxiety form are close in proportion, so it has been concluded that the quantitative and qualitative data of the study support each other.

The purposes of this research were to study needs of high school students and teachers on competency-based curriculum integrated with local community for high school students, develop a curriculum based on the needs, implement the developed curriculum, and evaluate the developed curriculum. The samples of the needs study stage consisted of 244 high school students, and 82 teachers in schools located in Ubon Ratchathani, and Warinchamrab Municipalities, gained by quota sampling, and those for the curriculum implementation consisted of 34 high school students studying at Luekamhan Warinchamrab School, in the second semester of academic year 2018, gained by cluster sampling. The research instruments were the developed curriculum, questionnaires for the students and the teachers, a test of English expression, a test of writing, and an attitude evaluation form. The findings revealed the students and the teachers rated their needs on competency-based curriculum at a higher level, the developed curriculum consisted of vision, mission to achieve the students’ competency through the aims, contents, and instructional procedures concentrated on practicing and the evaluation focused on performances, the students had significantly higher learning achievement and writing skills after the curriculum implementation than those before the implementation at the level .01. The developed curriculum was evaluated by the students at medium level of its feasibility.

This paper aims at investigating the spelling mistakes made by students of English language in The World Islamic Sciences and Education University (WISE) in Jordan. The researcher adopted Cook‘s classification of errors in this study. Students mistakes were categorized into four classifications: substitution, omission, insertion, and transposition. Fifty students were participated in the study by enrolling in the "Error Analysis" course in two semesters of the academic year 2016/2017. The data for the study were derived from three exams: the first, the second, and the final exams, given to the students during the two semesters. Then the data were analyzed after completing the course in the second semester of 2016-2017. The results of the study revealed that (38%) of the errors referred to omission and (28%) to insertion. However, the study showed that (22%) of errors referred to substitution, while only (15%) of them referred to transposition. This study showed that using vowels and pronunciation incorrectly is one of the major causes of the learners' errors. Further, the interference of the first language plays a significant role in this regard. The study concludes that more efforts and concern should be given to spelling errors made by students since the learning of spelling is an integral part of language learning. The researcher suggested some recommendations and pedagogical implications to be studied in the future.

This study was conducted to determine the views of academicians regarding “The Views of Physical Education and Sports Teaching Instructors on Education in the Covid-19 Period”. The study used the phenomenological design, which is among qualitative research designs. The study group comprised 63 academicians carrying out duty in 21 different universities in Turkey during the 2019-2020 academic year. In line with the goal, the study was carried out with academicians who could contribute on voluntary basis. In order to determine the views of the academicians, a structured interview form was used. The interview form comprises four questions aiming to determine the necessity of distance education in the physical education area, which courses in the area can be given within the scope of distance education, possibility of teaching applied courses via distance education and problems they face in courses in the distance education process which has been put into effect compulsorily due to pandemic. The interview form was presented to the opinion of two instructors in the educational sciences area who have carried out qualitative research and then expert opinion was received. The application was conducted by primarily reaching the aforementioned academicians via telephone interview between 1 June-27 July 2020 and conveying the questions via e-mail. The descriptive analysis technique was used in analysis of the data. In the study 79% of the academicians stressed that applied courses should not be taught via distance education, while 52% stated that all theoretical courses could be taught via distance education. Examining the views of the academicians on the problems they faced in courses in the distance education process; 55% stated that the problems were associated with the system, 36% efficiency of the course, 30% inadequate student participation in the course, 21% inadequate student feedback, 21% evaluation, 19% inexperience about distance education and 17% lack of internet and computer opportunities in hometowns of students. Considering the findings of the study integratedly; it is believed that teaching applied courses via distance education is inadequate and inefficient. Also it is possible to state that it may not be appropriate to teach theoretical courses via distance education, except when necessary.

The current study aimed to reveal the impact of the Arab Spring on the concept of political participation among Jordanian university students (Isra University as a model), with different variables (gender, age, and school year), the researchers used the descriptive analytical approach, as a questionnaire was developed for this purpose after reviewing the theoretical literature in this field, and it was applied on a sample of (192) male and female students from Al-Isra University in the second semester of the academic year 2019. By using appropriate statistical analyzes, the results of the study revealed that the effect of the Arab Spring on the concept of political participation among Jordanian university students came with an average degree, as the results showed that there were no statistically significant differences for the impact of the Arab Spring on the concept of political participation among Jordanian university students due to gender and age variables, while a statistically significant difference was observed between the arithmetic averages of the effect of the Arab Spring on the concept of political participation among Jordanian university students due to the variable of the school year in favor of the first, second and third years when compared to the fourth and fifth years.

The main aim of this study is to comparatively examine the “Studying and Learning Strategies” used by the students of Science and Anatolian High Schools, which are the general secondary instruction level in the Turkish Educational System, at Adana province example in Turkey. The study is a descriptive study, a relational survey model. The population of the study is 9th and 12th grade students who are studying in Anatolian and Science High Schools in the city center of Adana. This study group of this research is consisted of 393 students in 9th and 12th grades who were studying at Adana Science High School and Seyhan İMKB Anatolian High School in the spring term of the 2019-2020 academic year. As a data collection tool, the “Study and Learning Strategies Scale for High School Students” developed by Kutlu, Yapıcı and Korkmaz (2015), consisting of 46 items and five sub-dimensions, was used. As a result of the study, when the “Study and Learning Strategies” of the students are examined according to school types; It has been determined that there is a significant difference in the sub-dimensions of “Repetition” and “Enjoying Learning”. It has been observed that there is a significant difference between male and female students in “Repetition” and “Self-Confidence” sub-dimensions according to the gender of the students. There is no significant difference between the levels of 9th and 12th grade students studying at Science and Anatolian High Schools according to their grade levels.

Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the lifelong learning trends of physical education and sports teachers with regard to various variables and to compare them with the literature. Method: 113 physical education teachers working in secondary schools and high schools in Tokat province and its districts during the 2019-2020 academic year participated in the study. In order to obtain the research data, the “Lifelong Learning Scale” adapted to Turkish by Engin, Kör and Erbay (2016) and the demographic information questionnaire created by the researchers were used. This research is a descriptive study in scanning model. The research data were subjected to normality test and the research data were analyzed according to the results. In the analysis of the data, 0.05 significance level was taken as the criterion. In order to determine the level of lifelong learning competence of physical education and sports teachers, the variables with 2 level were analyzed by using t test statistics, and the variables with 3 or more levels were analyzed by the ANOVA F test statistic. Conclusion: According to the results of this study which was conducted on different variables, physical education teachers’ lifelong learning tendency scores are high. At the same time; gender, professional seniority and and the lvel of the institution (primary school, high school etc.) are not effective factors on lifelong learning motivations og physical education and sports teachers.

This study aimed to develop a scale to determine students’ perceptions of teacher involvement in mathematics homework assignments. An item pool (n = 30) was generated based on a literature review. Based on expert feedback, the number of items was reduced to 21 scored on a 5-point Likert-type scale. A draft named the “Scale of Teacher Involvement in Mathematics Homework Assignments (STIMHA)” was developed after the items were reviewed by a linguist. A pilot study was conducted with six middle school students to check for comprehensibility. The items were revised and finalized based on their feedback. The main study sample consisted of 751 middle school students from four schools in Demirci/Manisa in Turkey during the 2017-2018 academic year. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 24.0) and Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS 21.0). Validity and reliability were established.

This research was aimed to develop student vlog for community communication through social lab under the ECT Vlog project. In this study, a social lab consists of 3 communities near King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi. Other objectives of this study were to determine the quality of the media and activities in this research, to evaluate the perception and the satisfaction of the sampling group towards the student vlog under the ECT Vlog project which was held in the second semester of the academic year 2019. The tools in this study consisted of questionnaires for the quality and the media presentation, the perception assessment form, and the satisfaction questionnaire. The sampling group in this study consisted of 100 followers of the ECT Vlog facebook page who had watched 12 student vlog video clips and were willing to participate in this research. They were chosen using purposive sampling method. The research results have shown that the researchers created 12 Student Vlog video clips for community communication through social lab with 3 communities near King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi. The team of creators consisted of the researchers and undergraduate students from the ETM 358 Marketing Communication course. The team analyzed, designed, developed, implemented and evaluated the video clips according to the ADDIE Model which consists of 5 steps. The team analyzed the data, designed the contents and developed 12 student vlog clips and then asked 3 experts in contents and 3 experts in media presentation to evaluate the quality of the video clips. It was found that the quality of contents was at a very good level ( \hat{x} = 4.61, S.D = 0.38) and that the quality of media presentation was at a very good level ( \hat{x}= 4.62, S.D = 0.43). Afterwards, the researchers distributed the student vlog clips on the ECT Vlog facebook page and assessed the perception of the sampling group. It was found that their perception was at a high level ( \hat{x} = 4.50, S.D = 0.58). The sampling group expressed a high level of satisfaction towards the student vlog (\hat{x} = 4.43, S.D = 0.67), confirming the research hypotheses. It can be concluded that the development of student vlog for community communication through social lab was of good quality and that it could be used in other contexts.

Introduction: This study investigates the level of university students' knowledge about Islamic provisions concerning relationships between Muslims and non-Muslims. The context for this study is that of the Saudi Arabian government’s drive to combat the extremism of young male Saudis through inculcating the true message of Islam. To achieve this objective, specialist Intellectual Awareness Units (IAUs) have been set up in all Saudi Arabian universities. The rationale for the existence of these units is that such students, zealous in their faith, are more vulnerable to recruitment by extremists and terrorist organizations if they have only a superficial and distorted understanding of the humane and religiously-ordained provisions in the Quran regarding relations with non-Muslims. However, this study does not examine the workings of the Intellectual Awareness Units but rather the understanding of their clients. Methodology: A random sample of 100 male students attending Majmaah University, Saudi Arabia, during the 2019-20 academic year, was asked to participate in a descriptive survey. A questionnaire was devised to collect information about student understanding of appropriate relationships between Muslims and non-Muslims, as specified in the Holy Quran. Six key themes were addressed in the questionnaire: general principles concerning the relationship between Muslims and others; provisions concerning imitation (of non-Muslim religious practices), contact, alliances and enmity; provisions concerning temples and churches; provisions concerning marriage and food; provisions concerning feasts and religious occasions and general provisions concerning alliances and wars. Results: The results of the study revealed that students’ knowledge about the provisions for dealing with non-Muslims ranged from weak to medium. That is to say, knowledge about the appropriate way for Muslims to engage with non-Muslims was far from universal. Knowledge on marriage and food provisions scored most highly with an average of 60.3%, of students answering questions on this topic correctly whilst knowledge on provisions pertaining to Temples and Churches ranked lowest with a rate of 36.5%. The overall average for all issues was 48.9%. Conclusion: If it is considered that extremism is based upon a superficial and distorted understanding of the Quran and that the level of knowledge displayed by the study sample is typical of young men in Saudi Arabia then the IAUs still have much work to do. The results of this research will be invaluable to the IAUs because it will enable them to supply more nuanced information and activities to their target audience.

The desperation is a kind of negative foresight on the contrary of positive foresight for the future. That is to say, to some extend, and it is an emotional situation having negative expectations for the future. The aim of the study, determination the factors that are affecting the university students’ desperation levels. This study was conducted to examine the students of Kafkas university despite levels for the future. The sampling groups of this study were the students of Kafkas University Education Faculty educated at Physical Education and Sports Department (25 students), Basic Mathematics Teaching Department (25 students), Science Teaching Department (25 students), and Social Studies Teacher’s Department (25 students) 4th class totally 100 participant students in 2016-2017 academic year. The sampling group was selected using simple random—the data handed with the help of the data collecting scale evaluated by using the SPSS Package Program. The preferences are “Yes (Correct) and No (Wrong)”. As a result of this study, there wasn’t a meaningful difference in the participant students’ desperation levels according to the variables. Students’ desperation level means were lower than p < 0.05.

This study aims to investigate the levels of organizational happiness of teachers working in primary, secondary, and high schools and to determine whether there is a significant difference in terms of some demographic characteristics. The screening model was employed in the study. The study population consists of teachers working in the Küçükçekmece, Bağcılar, Avcılar, and Esenyurt districts during the 2017-2018 academic year. The sample of the study comprises 297 teachers working in the Küçükçekmece, Bağcılar, Avcılar, and Esenyurt districts and selected via the convenience/incidental sampling method. In the study, the “Personal Information Form” created by the researchers and the “School Happiness Scale” developed by Bulut (2015) were used as data collection tools. The SPSS packaged software was used in the data analysis. According to the results of the data analysis, teachers’ general happiness perceptions and organizational happiness perceptions were observed to be high according to the subdimensions of management processes, attitudes towards the teaching profession, communication, commitment and economic provision of the School Happiness Scale. Teachers’ perceptions of organizational happiness differed significantly according to the level of education taught by teachers in the subdimensions of management processes and economic provision of the School Happiness Scale. Teachers’ perceptions of organizational happiness differed significantly according to professional seniority in the management processes subdimension of the School Happiness Scale. Teachers’ perceptions of organizational happiness differed significantly in the subdimensions of management processes, attitudes towards the teaching profession, commitment, and economic provision of the School Happiness Scale and according to the branch variable in the overall total. Teachers’ perceptions of organizational happiness did not differ significantly according to the variables of gender, educational status, age, and seniority in the school where they worked.

This study aimed to know the degree of applying standards of total quality management in the Jordanian universities in the light of the international standards. The study population included all the heads of academic departments in the Jordanian universities for the academic year (2015/ 2016). The study sample has been chosen from the study population b using the stratified random method. To achieve the objectives study, the researcher developed the study tool that comprised the following domains: (vision, mission, objectives, operations management, continuous improvement, beneficiaries' satisfaction, evaluation), both the validity and reliability of the tool were verified. The researcher distributed the tool over the sample of the study and carried out the relative statistical processing. The results showed that the degree of applying the standards of total quality management in the Jordanian universities is medium, also it showed that there are no statistically significant differences at the (0.05= α) level attributed to (the gender, the specialization, and the years of experience). While as there are differences attributed to region variable, in favor the southern region. According to the results, the researcher recommended to hold training courses and field workshops in order to activate the standards of total quality management.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the school bullying behavior among adolescents in public schools in the Qalqilya Governorate from the teachers’ perspective in the first semester of the academic year (2018-2019). The study sample consisted of (240) teachers from the whole study population, which comprised 1200 teachers from public schools in the Qalqilya Governorate. The researcher used the descriptive research approach. A Questionnaire was used to measure school bullying behaviors. The questionnaire consisted of (30) sentences, divided into three domains. Its consistency and reliability were verified. the results of the study. Results showed that there were no statistically significant differences at the significance level of (α ≤ 0.05) in the phenomenon of school bullying behavior among adolescents in public schools in the Qalqilya Governorate from the teachers’ perspective due to the variable of gender. There were no statistically significant differences at the significance level of (α ≤ 0.05) in the phenomenon of school bullying behavior among adolescents in public schools in the Qalqilya Governorate from the teachers’ perspective due to the variable of the school. The study recommended the need to focus on teacher, counselor and trainer professional development to deal effectively with students’ behavioral problems.

Curriculum plays an important role in the training of gifted teachers. This situation is confronted with situations such as constantly updating and radically changing teaching undergraduate programs. One of the complementary elements of the programs is electives. The Turkish Language Teaching Undergraduate Program, in which interdisciplinary studies increase efficiency, has also been renewed with these features in mind. There are 52 different electives in the Turkish Language Teaching Undergraduate Program published in 2018. This study was carried out to determine what factors affecting prospective Turkish teachers while choosing these courses. 162 prospective Turkish teachers studying at Sinop University Faculty of Education Turkish Language Teaching Department participated in the study conducted in the survey model in the 2019-2020 academic year. The questionnaire developed by Tezcan and Gümüş (2008) as a data collection tool to determine the factors affecting the course choices of university students was updated and applied. While analyzing the data, 5 themes were determined as “items related to being economical”, “items related to career goals”, “items related to teaching staff”, “items related to friend effect/environmental factors” and “items related to course features”. Prospective Turkish teachers selected courses that they can easily pass and contain information that will help them in their professional life; the lecturers considering the course to be successful in their fields; that the circle of friends is effective in the choice of elective courses and the family is ineffective in this process; the results they chose for lessons related to their talents and interests were reached.

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between digital game dependence levels and violence tendency levels of high school students. In the present research, relational survey model has been used. The population of the study consists of 9th, 10th, 11th grade students in the high schools in Battalgazi and Yeşilyurt districts of Malatya in the spring term of 2018-2019 academic year. Simple random sampling method has been used for our sample selection. Digital Game Addiction Scale (DGAS-7) was used to determine the level of digital game addiction, and Violence Tendency Scale (VRS) was used to determine the levels of violence tendency. DGAS-7 was developed by Lemmens et al. (2009). To determine the problematic digital game behaviors of adolescents between the ages of 12-18. It has been developed by Haskan and Yıldırım to measure the tendency of violence among adolescents. According to the results obtained in our research; according to the monotetic format, 4.6% of the students participating in the research were addicted to digital games, while 95.4% were not dependent. According to the polythetic format, while 21.7% is addicted to digital games, 78.3% is not addicted. There was a statistically significant difference between female and male students in terms of digital game addiction and violence tendency in favor of female students. There was also a significant difference between the levels of digital game addiction and violence tendency according to mobile phone ownership. This difference is in favor of students who do not have mobile phones. There has been a statistically significant difference between the levels of digital game addiction in favor of the students who do not have mobile internet connection, but no significant difference has been found between the levels of violence tendency. There has been a statistically significant difference between non-dependent students in terms of violent tendency levels in terms of digital game addiction in monotetic and polythetic format. The level of violence tendency of non-dependent students is lower than that of dependent students. There has been a statistically significant difference between digital game addiction levels and violence tendency levels according to the duration of digital game play. This difference is in favor of students who play less time in a day. There has been a positive and moderate relationship between digital game addiction levels and violence tendency levels.

Constructivist learning environments are those in which individuals absorb knowledge by conducting in-depth research and analysis. In these environments, the individuals are aware of why and how to learn the information, realize their mistakes by testing the knowledge they have learned before and reach new information by correcting these mistakes. The purpose of this research is to determine the secondary school students’ levels of perception about constructivist learning environments in terms of different variables (gender, access to a suitable place to study, grade level, and mother and father educational attainment). The research was held in the central district of a province in the Central Anatolia Region in the spring semester of the 2018-2019 academic year. The study group of the research, selected on voluntary basis with simple random method, consists of 205 students; 100 male and 105 female, who continue their education in the 6th, 7th and 8th grades of a secondary school affiliated to the Ministry of National Education. The results of the research revealed that students have a moderate constructivist learning environment perception. It was found that there was no statistically significant difference in their perceptions in terms of gender and grade level.