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The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Research Farm, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan during winter 2015 in a simple randomized complete block design (RCBD) having three replications. Farmyard manure (FYM) application at four levels (0, 5, 10, and 15 ton ha-1) with variety (Inoculated and non-inoculated) were included in experiment. FYM application at the rate of 15 ton ha-1 resulted in higher grain yield (2198.53 kg ha-1) as compared to control (1762.68 kg ha-1). Similarly inoculated seeds produced higher grain yield (2083.06 kg ha-1) as compared to non­­-inoculated seeds (1915.92 kg ha-1). The pods plant-1 and thousand grain weight were significantly affected by FYM and inoculation while grains pod-1was significantly affected by only FYM. The grains were more pod-1 in plots supplied with 15 tons FYM ha-1 while less number of grains pod-1 (1.48) resulted in control plots. Plants formed more pods (63.68) and maximum thousand grain weight (260.21 g) was calculated in plots treated with FYM at the rate of 15 ton ha-1 as compared to other levels. In the same way more pods plant-1(58.44) and thousand grain weight (241.65 g) was observed in plots with inoculated seed sown. Hence application of FYM at the rate of 15 ton ha-1 and inoculation of seeds with rhizobium strains is recommended for better yield of chick pea. Keywords: Chick Pea; Farm Yard Manure; Rhizobium Inoculation http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2017.60033

The experiment was performed at the Agronomy Farm in The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan during winter 2015 using simple randomized completely block design (RCBD) with three replications. The experiment contained a total of 32 treatment units. FYM application at four levels (0, 5, 10, and 15 ton ha-1) with variety (Inoculated and non-inoculated) were included in experiment. FYM application @ 15 ton ha-1resulted in a significant growth than5 ton ha-1, 10 ton ha -1and the control. Similarly inoculated seeds produced better crop growth as compared to non-­inoculated seed. The parameters such as plant height and nodule per plant were significantly affected by both the FYM and inoculation, while days required for emerging 50% plants and emergence per m2 were also significantly affected but only by FYM. Higher plant height (74.33) and nodule per plant (68.24) was counted in plots treated with FYM @ 15 ton ha-1 as compared to other levels. Similarly Higher plant height (73.54) and nodule per plant (69.50) was counted in plots with inoculated seeds. Hence application of FYM @15t ha-1 and inoculation with Rhizobium strains are the recommended practices for better growth and crop stand of chickpea. Keywords: Chickpea; Rhizobium inoculation; Farm yard manure http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2017.60037

To find the response of cut rose cv. Cardinal to sucrose and NaOCl concentration, an experiment was conducted with normal day light under room condition and natural ventilation. Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was used for the experiment by replicating 3 times. Solutions of different combination of Sucrose levels of 0, 4, 8 and 12% and sodium hypochlorite with 0 (control), 5, 10 and 15 mgL-1 concentrations were applied to the cut rose cv. Cardinal. By analyzing of data collected, illustrated that cut rose cv. Cardinal significantly responded to sucrose and NaOCl levels. Combination of 15 mgl-l NaOCl with 12% sucrose was found more favorable for the whole studied parameters. Early flower opening (4 days), maximum flower fresh weight (12.30g), flower size (6.01 cm), maximum flower longevity (16 days) and and dry weight (3.78) were observed for cut rose retained in solution mixture of 12% sucrose and 15 mgL-1 NaOCl. The solution containing 12% Sucrose and 15 mgL-1 NaOCl significantly increased (12.30 g) flower fresh weight. Less percent petal drop (10%) was observed by solution containing combination of 12% sucrose and 15 mgL-1 NaOCl as compared to control (33.80 %). As for sugar application individually on cut rose, early flower opening took place (4 days), maximum flower size (6.14 cm), flower fresh weight (11.57g), minimum flower wilting (15.58%), maximum flower dry weight (3.78 g), minimum petal drop (23.96 %) and longer vase life (3.39 days) were observed for 12 % sugar solution. For NaOCl application individualy, the cut rose showed early flower opening took place (4 days), maximum flower size (6.16 cm), maximum flower fresh weight (11.27g), minimum flower wilting (15%), maximum dry weight (4.13 g), minimum petal drop (18.75 %) and longer vase life (14.77) were observed for 15 mg.l-1 of NaOCl solution In general, 15 mg.l-1NaOCl and 12 % sucrose is considered a best solution combination to be used for cut rose flowers cv. cardinal longer and quality vase life. Key words: Cut Rose; Sucrose; NaOCl http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2017.60011

Field trail was conducted during kharif season, 2013 at Agronomy research farm the University of Agriculture, Peshawar to determine the effect of nitrogen and sulfur on the growth of sesame. The study was conducted in RCB design (control vs. rest) having three replications. Nitrogen (N) levels viz. 30, 70,110 and 150 and S levels viz. 10, 20 and 30 were used. Data were documented on Days to emergence, emergence m-2, days to flowering, leaf area, leaf area index, plant height, days to maturity and plant at harvest. It was found from these results that higher leaf area plant-1 (384.2 cm2) were gained from the plot that received 70 kg N ha-1, while minimum (366 cm2) were achieved from control plots. The application of N at the rate of 70 kg ha-1 resulted in optimum leaf area index (2.2), while control plots have lower leaf area index (1.95). Taller plants (187.1 cm) were observed in plot treated with 70 kg N ha-1 and dwarf plants (169 cm) were seen in control plots. In case of S the plant height increases up to (185.2 cm) in the plots that received 20 kg S ha-1which was statistically comparable to 30 kg S ha-1 against control. Plants at harvest were not influenced significantly by any of the factor and control vs. rest. Days to emergence, Emergence m-2 was non-significantly affected by nitrogen and sulfur. Yield and yield components were significantly improved by the sole addition of N and S or in combination. Sesame production enhances and profitable with application of N and S at the rate of 70 and 20 kg ha-1 respectively in this study. Keywords: Sesame; Nitrogen; Sulfur; RCB http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2016.50164