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The article focuses on the rights of a subterranean coal seam regarding drilling of the seam in order to reach the oil deposits. The principle of easement by necessity in the American legal system is discussed. Consistently found prerequisites are mentioned which includes mandatory initial unity of title and division of the tract which creates the necessity of an easement.

The article discusses the ruling of the Brandt Living Trust v. United States court case. It states the court case involves the rights of the railroads under the General Railroad Right-of-Way Act of 1875. According to the court the right-of-way granted to the railroads under the 1875 Act is an easement and when the railroads abandon right-of-way, the owner of land regains the rights to use the land.

The article focuses on the significance of the doctrine of merger for land surveyors. A common application of this doctrine may prevent an owner of a single parcel of land from creating an easement over a portion of the tract to serve another portion of the same tract preparatory to a proposed subdivision. The Piedmont Environmental Council (PEC) was named as the grantor, as well as one of the grantees in the deed of easement in a lawsuit filed in Virginia.

The article focuses on state laws related to easements in the U.S. which land surveyor must be aware of. It advices surveyors to have a proper knowledge of statutory and state laws and informs that in Virginia, the basic requirement for acceptance and dedication statue exist. In Florida, statutory requirements related to dedication are similar to a valid deed and include a requirement that the mortgagee should also be brought into the process of dedication.

The article discusses several court cases including Miller v. Kirkpatrick, Minogue v. Kaufman and Lucas v. Kandis related to surveying and mentions that state statutes and common law provide guidance for locating the easement on the ground. It mentions that in the Miller case, court ruled that the full width of the easement must be with the easement holder.

The article reports on the innovative conservation easement created by architect Dion Neutra for the sale of his firm's former office building in Silver Lake, California. In addition to paying $3.5 million, a buyer must agree to leave the landmarked property untouched, or risk losing the deed. The building is on the market through a silent auction that Neutra anticipates will close in April 2007.

Presents news briefs related to the architectural industry in the U.S. as of March 1985. Level of an increase in the number of projects certified to use a percentage of federal tax credit for historic building rehabilitation in 1984; Schedule of the sixth annual conference on automation and reprographics in design firms; Scrutiny of easement donations on unbuilt lands and buildings by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service.

The article describes rules from the different U.S. states that are relevant to the environmental engineering industry. Five oil refineries in the San Francisco Bay area are subject to regulations to minimize flaring. The Connecticut Supreme Court ruled in favor of a town wetlands commission in an enforcement case against a landowner who had an easement to other property. Owners of large, dry poultry manure operations in Georgia will be required under the state's concentration animal feeding operations regulations to apply for a National Pollution Discharge Elimination System permit.

Reports on the construction works on the Million Thurman Street Lofts started by Gray Purcell Inc. in Portland, Oregon. Involvement of Froelich Consulting Engineers in the scheme; Use of Brazilian walnut decking in the project; Problem in the project execution regarding easements.

Provides information on the installation of gas pipelines for We Energies in Port Washington, Wisconsin. Factors considered by Arby Construction in the installation of pipelines in the urban area, including traffic control; Challenges faced by H. C. Price, subcontractor for the project, in performing the work in the rural area covered by the project; Information on the collection of easements by We Energies for the project.

The article discusses a court case in which the right of equitable easement was applied by a U.S. trial court and an appellate court. The courts explained that equitable easement is applied if there is no other alternative roadway access and if the plaintiff does not suffer grave injury by the encroachment. The courts also said that the encroachment did not result from a willful act by the defendant.