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Presents a meta-analysis of randomized efficacy trials to estimate the efficacy and toxicity of typhoid fever vaccines. Subjects of the study; Background information about the study; Discussion on the method used for the study; Results of the study; Discussion. INSET: Key messages.

Six normal volunteers were vaccinated against typhoidcholera. [SUP15]N-Glycine was injected the morning after vaccination. The injetion was repeated three to six days and 10 days later. All Subjects ate the same diet on each occasion. Excretion of [SUP15]N in urinary ammonia and total urinary excretion of nitrogen, ammonia, and creatinine were determined after each injection of istope. Urinary excretion of [SUP15]N was used to calculate rates of whole-body protein turnover. Total urinary nitrogen and ammonia excretions showed no appreciable change on all three days. Creatinine excretion was significantly higher the day after vaccination than on the other two days (p <0·05). Rates of protein turnover were also significantly higher on this day: a 37% increase in synthesis and 55% increase in degradation were noted. These results show that during the reaction to vaccination there was a stimulation of whole-body protein metabolism that is similar to that produced by sepsis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investigates the association of Typhoid A and B and cholera vaccination with acute renal failure and hepatitis following vaccination. Observation of jaundice; Absence of exposure to nephrotoxins and excessive exercise; Immunity response on the vaccine.

Assesses the immunogenicity of typhoid fever vaccines among infants and preschool children at King Institute, Madras in India. Comparison of the response in intraderma or subcutaneous vaccination; Verification of the geometric mean titles of antibodies to H antigen; Guidelines for S typhi vaccination.

The article discusses research on the efficacy of injectable vaccine in preventing typhoid fever in India. It references a study published in the 2009 issue of the "New England Journal of Medicine." Study authors evaluated the effectiveness of Vi simple and cheap typhoid vaccine in preventing typhoid among poor people in Kolkata. They found that the Vi injectable vaccine prevented 61 percent of typhoid fever.