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Your search keyword '"Cumming, C."' showing total 7 results
Start Over Author "Cumming, C." Publisher bmj publishing group
7 results on '"Cumming, C."'

1. Amphetamine-type stimulant use and self-harm: protocol for a systematic review of observational studies

Author

Cumming, C, Armstrong, G, Borschmann, R, Foulds, JA, Newton-Howes, G, McKetin, R, Vallesi, S, Preen, D, Young, J, Cumming, C, Armstrong, G, Borschmann, R, Foulds, JA, Newton-Howes, G, McKetin, R, Vallesi, S, Preen, D, and Young, J

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Amphetamine type stimulant (ATS) use and self-harm are both major public health concerns globally. Use of ATS is associated with a range of health and social problems, and has been increasing internationally in the last decade. Self-harm and ATS use share a number of underlying risk factors and occur at elevated rates in marginalised groups with high rates of exposure to trauma. The relationship between self-harm and ATS use is likely complex, and the causal pathway may run in either direction. A comprehensive review, synthesis and analysis of the evidence are warranted to investigate this relationship and inform policy and practice. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will search the Medline, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO and Scopus databases for relevant observational studies published in peer-reviewed journals. The initial search was conducted on 5 February 2021, with a final search expected on 1 February 2022. All studies will be independently screened by two reviewers, first on title and abstract, and then on full-text to determine inclusion in the review. We place no restriction on the population that studies investigate, our exposure of interest is both prescription and illicit ATS use, comparators will be those not currently using ATS, and our primary outcome of interest is the prevalence of self-harm. Data will be extracted using a predesigned template, and pooled prevalence and pooled measures of effect for the association between ATS use and self-harm. If sufficient data are available, we will perform multiple meta-analyses to produce pooled measures of effect for each measure of ATS exposure, as well as different population sub-groups. The Methodological Standard for Epidemiological Research scale will be used to assess study quality, and Egger's test and I2 values will be used to assess publication bias and heterogeneity, respectively. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: No ethical approval is required for this revi

Published
2022

2. Survival of gram positive anaerobic cocci on swabs and their isolation from the mouth and vagina.

Author

Smith, G L, Cumming, C G, and Ross, P W

Abstract

The survival of Gram positive anaerobic cocci on plain cotton wool and albumin coated swabs held in various transport media was investigated. Results suggested that in most cases Amies', Stuart's and VMGII media do not offer any more protection to the bacteria than storing swabs dry in their containers. A technique was developed for the isolation and identification of Gram positive anaerobic cocci from the mouth and vagina, incorporating bicozamycin in the medium as a selective agent. Few strains were recovered from the oral cavity, but larger numbers were isolated from the vagina. Using a minimum number of antibiotic sensitivity and biochemical tests, including analysis of end products by gas-liquid chromatography, most isolates were identified to species level. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1986

3. Swabs and swab-transport media kits in the isolation of upper respiratory bacteria.

Author

Ross, P W, Cumming, C G, and Lough, H

Abstract

The recovery of upper respiratory tract bacteria on laboratory media from a variety of swabs and swab-transport media kits was examined. Organisms studied included strains of Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Neisseria meningitidis and Haemophilus influenzae. Although a wide range of results was obtained with regard to variables such as the type of swab or swab-transport media kit used, the time of plating, the temperature of storage of swab-transport media kits, and the nature of the suspension of the organisms, it was generally noted that recovery of organisms was better from swabs held in their plastic containers prior to plating than from swabs held in transport medium. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1982

4. Evaluation of bacteriological swabs and transport media in the recovery of group B streptococci on laboratory media.

Author

Cumming, C G and Ross, P W

Abstract

The survival of group B streptococci on a variety of swabs, held either in their containers or in transport media for periods of up to 48 hours, at room temperature and at 4 degrees C, has been assessed. Results indicated that holding swabs in transport media did not favour prolonged survival of the streptococci and that the yield of organisms was much greater from swabs held in their ordinary plastic tubes. A holding temperature of 4 degrees C rather than room temperature is recommended if any delay in plating out swabs is anticipated. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1979

5. Use of the Streptosec test for grouping beta-haemolytic streptococci.

Author

Ross, P W, Nicoll, A, and Cumming, C G

Abstract

The Streptosec test, which embodies the coagglutination principle for grouping beta-haemolytic streptococci, was used against 72 streptococci previously grouped by precipitin methods. Only two of the 72 strains failed to react. The test is easy to manipulate, represents a considerable saving in time and effort, and produces results with an acceptable degree of accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1980

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