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HCV mother-to-child transmission occurs mainly in the peripartum period. Cesarean section delivery is not recommended as prevention of HCV neonate infection. Available data from professional centers are conflicting. There is no information about association between neonate laceration during delivery and HCV infection. The Aim of the study was to establish the rate of neonate injury during delivery and the role of this complication in the risk of mother-to-child HCV transmission. Methods We collected data of mode of delivery in the group of 392 children born to anti-HCV+ mothers: 34 HCV infected children and 358 without HCV infection. Results 235/392(60%) children were delivered vaginally, 157/392(40%) by cesarean section. Skin laceration was observed in 9(2.3%) children: 4/235(1.7%) delivered vaginally, 5/157(3.2%) by cesarean section. In the group of HCV infected children 25/34(74%) were delivered vaginally, 9/34(26%) by cesarean section. The rate of HCV infection among children delivered vaginally was 25/235 (10.6%), by cesarean section 9/157(5.7%). 5/9(55%) children with skin laceration were HCV infected. In the group of children without skin laceration HCV infection was diagnosed in 29/383(7.5%). There were 43 children delivered by elective cesarean section in 38Hbd and none of them was injured, none of them was HCV infected. Conclusions Iatrogenic exposure to HCV during delivery may increase the risk of HCV mother-to-child infection. There is a higher risk of skin laceration in emergency cesarean section than in vaginal delivery. No vertical HCV transmission was noted among children born by elective cesarean section without skin laceration.

Background and Aims In Poland currently, despite obligatory hepatitis B vaccination we expect the occurence of mother-to-child infection. We present 3 different courses of the HBV mother-to-child infections as a basis to differentiation of the therapeutic models . Methods We investigated case reports of 3 children infected with HBV by their mothers HBsAg(+) HBeAg(+). Chronic hepatitis B was confirmed in mothers aged 18, 21 and 26 respectively. All children were vaccinated against hepatitis B at delivery: two of them three times, one two times. One of the children was administered HBIG in the first day of its life. Results Hepatitis B virus infection in 2 children was revealed in the 3rd year of life. Acute hepatitis with the Gianotti-Crosti syndrome was diagnosed in 1 child in the 6 th month of life. Subsequently, all children were diagnosed with chronic hepatitis B and the course of the disease was different in each case. In the first child aged 1, the activity of alanine aminotransferase decreased to near normal level with the seroconversion of HBe antigen to antibodies anti-HBe. The second child in the fourth year of life has high level of HBV viral load and high activity of alanine aminotransferase. The third child (12 years old) has exacerbation of disease after failure of treatment (lamivudine, interferon twice). Conclusions 1. The course of chronic hepatitis B in children after maternal infection may be vary, therefore some adjustments in treatment should be taken into account.