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Your search keyword '"Davey-Smith, G."' showing total 49 results
Start Over Author "Davey-Smith, G." Publisher bmj
49 results on '"Davey-Smith, G."'

2. Are objective measures of physical capability related to accelerated epigenetic age? Findings from a British birth cohort

Author

Simpkin, AJ, Cooper, R, Howe, LD, Relton, CL, Davey Smith, G, Teschendorff, A, Widschwendter, M, Wong, A, Kuh, D, Hardy, R, Simpkin, AJ, Cooper, R, Howe, LD, Relton, CL, Davey Smith, G, Teschendorff, A, Widschwendter, M, Wong, A, Kuh, D, and Hardy, R

Abstract

© Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2017. All rights reserved. Objectives Our aim was to investigate the association of epigenetic age and physical capability in later life. Having a higher epigenetic than chronological age (known as age acceleration (AA)) has been found to be associated with an increased rate of mortality. Similarly, physical capability has been proposed as a marker of ageing due to its consistent associations with mortality. Setting The MRC National Survey of Health and Development (NSHD) cohort study. Participants We used data from 790 women from the NSHD who had DNA methylation data available. Design Epigenetic age was calculated using buccal cell (n=790) and matched blood tissue (n=152) from 790 female NSHD participants. We investigated the association of AA at age 53 with changes in physical capability in women from ages 53 to 60-64. Regression models of change in each measure of physical capability on AA were conducted. Secondary analysis focused on the relationship between AA and smoking, alcohol, body mass index (BMI) and socioeconomic position. Outcome measures Three objective measures of physical capability were used: grip strength, standing balance time and chair rise speed. Results Epigenetic age was lower than chronological age (mean 53.4) for both blood (50.3) and buccal cells (42.8). AA from blood was associated with a greater decrease in grip strength from ages 53 to 60-64 (0.42 kg decrease per year of AA, 95% CI 0.03, 0.82 kg; p=0.03, n=152), but no associations were observed with standing balance time or chair rise speed. Current smoking and lower BMI were associated with lower epigenetic age from buccal cells. Conclusions We found evidence that AA in blood is associated with a greater decrease in grip strength in British females aged between 53 and 60-64, but no association with standing balance time or chair rise speed was found.

Published
2017

3. Birth weight of offspring and mortality in the Renfrew and Paisley study: prospective observational study

Author

Graham Watt, Davey Smith G, David J Hole, Ferrell C, Mark N. Upton, Hawthorne, and Carole L. Hart

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, Offspring, Birth weight, Population, Mothers, Body Mass Index, Fathers, Risk Factors, Cause of Death, Epidemiology, medicine, Birth Weight, Humans, Prospective Studies, Mortality, Risk factor, Prospective cohort study, education, Lung, General Environmental Science, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Smoking, Infant, Newborn, General Engineering, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Body Height, Scotland, Cohort, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Female, business, Body mass index, Research Article, Follow-Up Studies, Demography
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between birth weight of offspring and mortality among fathers and mothers in the west of Scotland. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. PARTICIPANTS: 794 married couples in Renfrew district of the west of Scotland. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Mortality from all causes and from cardiovascular disease over 15 year follow up. RESULTS: Women who had heavier babies were taller, had higher body mass index and better lung function, and were less likely to be smokers than mothers of lighter babies. Fathers of heavier babies were taller and less likely to be smokers than fathers of lighter babies. Mortality was inversely related to offspring's birth weight for both mothers (relative rate for a 1 kg lower birth weight 1.82 (95% confidence interval 1.23 to 2.70)) and fathers (relative rate 1.35 (1.03 to 1.79)). For mortality from cardiovascular disease, inverse associations were seen for mothers (2.00 (1.18 to 3.33)) and fathers (1.52 (1.03 to 2.17)). Adjustment for blood pressure, plasma cholesterol, body mass index, height, social class, area based deprivation category, smoking, lung function, angina, bronchitis, and electrocardiographic evidence of ischaemia had little effect on these risk estimates, although levels of statistical significance were reduced. CONCLUSIONS: Birth weight of offspring was related inversely to mortality, from all causes and cardiovascular disease, in this cohort. The strength of this association was greater than would have been expected by the degree of concordance of birth weights across generations, but an extensive range of potential confounding factors could not account for the association. Mortality is therefore influenced by a factor related to birth weight that is transmissible across generations.

Published
1997
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46. Changes in population distribution of sense of coherence do not explain changes in overall mortality

Author

Davey Smith G and Egger M

Subjects
education.field_of_study, Letter, business.industry, Population, General Engineering, Distribution (economics), General Medicine, United Kingdom, Humans, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Medicine, Mortality, Positive economics, business, education, Demography, General Environmental Science, Sense of coherence
Abstract

Editor—Trends in health and mortality are complex,1 and the desire for shortcuts to an understanding of the underlying determinants is easy to comprehend. As we suggested in our commentary on John P Bunker and colleagues' article, however, by failing to appreciate the complexity of the processes, many of the current theories mislead rather than inform and become barriers rather than aids both to understanding health and to developing activities to improve it.2 Frada Eskin complains that, as we did not discuss Eskin's …

Published
1997
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