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Abstract Background Aminoglycosides are crucial for treating multidrug-resistant gram-negative infections and endocarditis. However, aminoglycosides are associated with significant risks of nephrotoxicity, necessitating careful dose selection and therapeutic drug monitoring. Therapeutic drug monitoring is essential for minimizing risk; however, few institutions routinely perform it. This study aimed to assess the impact of a pharmacist-driven therapeutic drug monitoring intervention on aminoglycoside usage trends and clinical outcomes. Methods This retrospective cohort study included 263 patients treated with aminoglycosides between 2014 and 2023. A pharmacist-led therapeutic drug monitoring intervention began in 2017, focusing on monitoring renal function, documenting patient weight, and closely managing aminoglycoside concentrations. Trends in aminoglycoside use and renal outcomes were analyzed. Results Over the study period, appropriate use of aminoglycosides at the time of initial prescription increased from 49 to 82% (P