Search

The article reports on the status of international trade relations among the U.S., Russia and Germany. Russian purchasing of U.S. products have declined by 55 percent, while Russian sales in the U.S. dropped by 34 percent. Germany has notified local manufacturers that it is unable to continue the country's 70 percent export guaranty scheme for the Russian order. Despite the internal financial problems of Germany, the Reichsbank decided to rediscount Soviet paper up to 36 million U.S. dollars.

The article reports on the U.S. scientists who fear that the government's decision and effort to block the key U.S. technology to the Soviet Union threatens to hurt the technology development in the U.S. It states that the U.S. scientists are worried that tighter hold on exchange of information will hamper free exchange of ideas that could hamper technology development. It reports on the U.S. industry executives who state the government's push for secrecy is hampering research laboratories.

The article discusses the highlights of the biannual Paris International Air Show in France in June 1965. After denying repeated requests to participate in the show in the past, the Soviet Union has exhibited the An-22, a four-turboprop cargo aircraft weighing 250 tons, six commercial transports painted in the colors of the Soviet airline Aeroflot and three civil helicopters. Though U.S. participation and exhibits still remain the bulk of the show, there are no space vehicles on display.

The article discusses the highlights of the annual convention of the American Association for the Advancement of Science that was held in Washington. The event was participated by 5,000 members of the association. The scientists admitted that Russian scientists are just as far advanced as them in many fields. Experts also discussed various issues on the technical side, including bringing satellites back to earth.

The article reports that New Rochelle, New York investor Elizabeth R. Weilamann has sued Chase Manhattan Bank as a depositary for Soviet Funds in the U.S. in 1957. Weilamann seeks to recover payment for defaulted notes issued by the Soviet government in the 1930s. Chase Manhattan has not yet indicated their answer to the action and New York attorneys for the Russian government have not yet taken any action.

This article warns that sturgeon, a fresh water fish that is the source of caviar, is in danger of extinction due to nature, Russian poachers and river pollution. It was the Czars of Russia which elevated fresh caviar to the court menu and since then it became a sought after menu in high class restaurants commanding high price. The rising demand for caviar pushes its price higher thereby heightening the risk that sturgeon will become extinct. The best caviar from Russia is being sold for 40 dollars per pound in the U.S.

The article discusses the significant benefits provided by the New Deal economic aid program to the export business in the U.S. One is the enhancement of the manufacturers' competitive position in foreign markets. Another is the creation of the Export-Import bank in Russia. The article also explores some of the serious accusations received by the President Franklin Roosevelt Administration with regards to its efforts in behalf of foreign trade.

The article assesses the promises of the Second Five-Year Plan of Russia. Some significant items of the plan are presented which involve the doubling of investment, new electrification projects, and the world's largest copper-producing plant. Two interesting propositions are discussed including a visit by American bankers to Russia to investigate the possibilities of expanding trade, and a call for more attention to a two-way Russian business. Amtorg orders are examined in relation to questions regarding the non-admittance of Russian goods into the U.S.

The article discusses the reaction of Wall street to the first earth satellite of Russia in 1957. It shows how prices in the stock market dropped and a total absence of the selling pressure felt. It notes that the sale of U.S. stocks by Europeans, buying which represented profitable covering of short positions and investment trusts confined to utilities and other defensive issues caused uneasiness in the stock market. It predicts that the impact of the Russian earth satellite on the stock market will be bullish.

The article discusses U.S. President Richard Nixon's foreign policies delivered in a televised press conference after his eight day tour of Europe. It indicates that the European trip opened communications between the White House and European capitals and hope that he can rightfully claim to speak for the Atlantic Alliance during a summit meeting with the Soviet Union. It cites his successful establishment of a cordial relationship with France's Prime Minister Charles de Gaulle as he backed away from the support given by the U.S. to the Common Market.

The article reports on the efforts made by the Soviet government in order to engage in a trade relation with the U.S. including its goal to repeal the 1974 trade act and its plan to enter into leasing deals.

The article reports on the space defense policy proposed by U.S. President Ronald Reagan. It states Reagan proposed the space defense policy after seeing Soviet Union's progress in establishing military presence in space. It reports on defense analysts who believe Soviet Union has developed better weapons capable of destroying intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs). It states the U.S. space defense policy will include huge costs and might even violate treaties.

The article reports on the challenge faced by the U.S. Administration of developing a policy to curb the illicit technology transfer from the U.S. It reports that the illicit technology transfer according to the U.S. has helped the Soviet Union build a cruise missile. However the challenge that the U.S. Administration faced is what type of technology should be termed critical to the U.S. and, whether the technology can be controlled if Europe and Japan follow different East-West trade rules.

The article focuses on the presumptions of the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) analysts and economists regarding how defense fits into the economy of the Soviet Union. It stresses that CIA analysts has seriously underestimated how the country's defense protected its economy. It notes that Soviet's armed services including its weaponry has its own intelligence establishments. It further discusses the impact of CIA's assessment to Soviet's defense capabilities.

The article reports that the U.S. will go ahead with its atmospheric nuclear testing in the Pacific from around April 22, 1962, which gives the Soviet Union two weeks for inspection. It states that though U.S. President John F. Kennedy and his administration is keeping doors open for international inspection, Soviet Union is unlikely to inspect at such a short span. It mentions that number of tests are expected to be around 12 in the first series and most will be in high altitudes.

The article reports that the preliminary trade figures for the first six months in 1932 have shown that the Soviets have bought only 5.5 million dollars of goods in the U.S. market, while their sales in this market totaled more than 6.25 million dollars of goods.

The article compares the industrial production goals between the Soviet Union and the U.S. for 1950 onwards. In the Soviet Union, output of metal-cutting tools is expected to reach 1,300,000 by 1950. It cites the plan by the Soviet government led by Joseph Stalin to build 45 blast furnaces, 180 openhearth furnaces, 90 electric furnaces and 104 rolling mills to boost its steel capacity. Soviet's plan for its oil industry is also examined.

The article offers information on the wheat productivity in several countries including the U.S., Russia, and China. As stated, the U.S. and Russia are the biggest producers of wheat with annual output of more than 1 billion bushel each. China's annual production of wheat exceeds 800 million bushel. It also offers information regarding the planting time of wheat which includes winter and spring season.

The article explores the challenges being faced by Great Britain's traditional education system in the competitive second half of the Twentieth Century. The country's education system is based on Nineteenth Century concepts of training a ruling group from the upper and middle classes. The overhaul of the education system has emerged as a critical issue in the 1964 parliamentary elections. The British are currently evaluating U.S. and Russian education systems.

The article looks at an attempt by China and the Soviet Union to turn Indonesia a Communist arsenal that poses a threat to U.S. foreign policy and other Southeast Asian countries. Indonesia is being led by neutralist President Sukarno, who has resisted Soviet pressure to include Communists in his inner cabinet. However, Sukarno has accepted Soviet military equipment, including jet fighters and bombers. The question of U.S. aid eventually became a challenging one.

The article reports on the state of the man-to-the-moon project of the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) as of September 30, 1961. The agency has revamped its organization, accelerated test firing schedule and prepares to choose major contractors after major sites were chosen. After President John F. Kennedy publicly entered a space race with the Soviets on May 25, Congress approved a 1.7-billion U.S. dollar budget for the agency.

The article reports that the Mikhail Lermontov, the fastest passenger liner of the Soviet Union, will embark on its maiden voyage to the New York harbor. According to the article, Soviet liners were barred from U.S. ports for 25 years. An overview of the U.S.-Soviet maritime agreement is given. It adds that the opening of the U.S.-Soviet passenger service is a manifestation of a steady buildup of Soviet shipping around the world.

The article focuses on the trade between the U.S. and Poland, as of June 1957. U.S. government officials participated in the International Trade Fair in Poznan, Poland as part of the U.S. government's economic aid agreement with the country. The U.S. is showing other Communist-controlled countries in Eastern Europe the benefits of independence from the Soviet Union. The U.S. Department of Commerce's Office of International Trade Fairs spent 400,000 U.S. dollars for its exhibition in Poland.

The article discusses the study conducted by Nicholas DeWitt of the National Science Foundation (NSF) which examines the quality of engineering education and training in Russia and the U.S. DeWitt compares the comprehensiveness and specialization of the programs of both countries. Moreover, the study reveals that in contrast to the American scheme, Russian education system is designed to develop specialists in the narrow fields of science at the student's earlier years.

The article focuses on the competition among atomic plant builders in the world. It states that the U.S. industry is leading the race for world trade in atomic power reactors with Westinghouse as the first company to sell an atomic plant to Fiat Co. of Italy and with lists of several prospective customers. It focuses on the rivalry among the countries Great Britain, Russia, and the U.S. in acquiring business related to atomic trade.

The article reports on the development of disarmament talks between the Western nations and Russia. It says that the talks are still far from achieving its ends until the Russians bring down its Iron Curtain. However, a further step has been taken after Russia agreed in principle on some of the mechanics of disarmament proposed by the U.S., Great Britain, France and Canada. It adds that a big disagreement between the East and the West is the setting up of a United Nations control body that will monitor disarmament reduction and enforce prohibitions.

The article reports on the 1945 security conference that was to give birth to the organization that would be known as the United Nations (UN) and that would be dedicated to the proposition that peace is indivisible. The Big Five, which includes the U.S., Great Britain, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), China, and the Provisional Government of France, is reported to constitute a power block in the UN's Security Council. Topics such as security agreements, the smaller powers, suspension provision, and the issue of veto power, are discussed.

The article focuses on the implications of the increase in the number of U.S. companies that are selling in the Soviet Union or actively seeking markets there in 1970. The Congress has asked the Commerce Department to shorten the list of goods that must be licensed for export to Russia. The barriers that prevent the rapid expansion of U.S.-Soviet trade include high tariffs against Russian products. The Soviets are known for being tough negotiators but live up to the letter of their contracts. INSET: How to get Ivan to close the deal.

The article reports on the foreign policy goals of U.S. President-elect Richard M. Nixon. It discusses his policy towards Soviet Union which he wants to deal with a position of strength and wants it to exert pressure on North Vietnam for a settlement. It also discusses his approach towards arms control, North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), foreign aid, Europe and Middle East.

The article offers information on the national goals of U.S. President Jimmy Carter regarding foreign policy. It states that Carter's goals are considered to be focused on the foreign relationship between the U.S. and Soviet Union since the World War II ended. It mentions the six foreign policy goals of Carter including the enforcement of constructive changes in the country, the achievement of strong connections with Europe and Japan, and the cooperation with Soviet Union covering arms race.

Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles in previous issues including "The CIA's goof in assessing the Soviets" in the February 28, 1977 issue, "A tough policy to stabilize France" in the March 7, 1977 issue and "The new austerity starts to work" in the March 14, 1977.

An interview with Peter Gall, McGraw-Hill Cos. bureau chief in Moscow is presented. When asked about if the foreign policy to encourage trade with the U.S. is still in effect, he answered that the policy is in force but the obligations that the U.S. was supposed to assume are not being fulfilled. Gall states that U.S. should lift all the restrictions imposed on trade with the Soviet Union. He mentions that U.S. companies are not competitive because of the lack of government credits.

Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles in previous issues including "What drove McCulloch out of new towns" in the November 22, 1976 issue, "The U.S. helps Russia build a trade center" in the December 6, 1976 issue and "The escalating struggle between the FTC and business" in the December 13, 1976 issue.

The article discusses how events in Asia as of November 1965 may provide favorable openings for U.S. policy against Communist China in the region. The Indonesian army is seen as pushing a showdown with the Communist Party in the wake of a left-wing coup attempt. China backed down on a threat to attack India's border. Observations are made regarding the rift between Russia and China, with the Russians said to be moving to offset Chinese influence in Asia and among uncommitted countries in Africa.

The article reports on an international summer school at Moscow University which offers 17 U.S. bankers an opportunity to learn about the Soviet banking system. The U.S. bankers were delegates to the 15th session of the International Banking Summer School (IBSS) sponsored by the American Bankers Association and France's Association Professionelle de Banques. The bankers have found that Soviet banking was slowly accepting more Western ideas.

The article discusses the measures of the U.S. and Soviet Union as tension grows in West Germany caused by Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev's desire to invade Berlin. It says that U.S. President John F. Kennedy boosted North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in Europe to raise the limit in which nuclear arms could be used. It tells that the U.S. plans to saction East Germany and Soviet Union through trade embargo and export ban. It adds that Soviet might order East Germany to harass the West.

This section offers global business news briefs. The Soviet Union will purchase rail equipment with the near completion of the transsiberian rail line in the Japanese-controlled Manchukuo in the Far East. China will create a Central Trust Purchasing Department at the Central Trust of China to consolidate all national, provincial and municipal government purchases under one department. Colombia ratified a new trade agreement with the U.S. and signed a new trade treaty with Guatemala.

This section offers news briefs on business around the world in 1936. The publication "The American Automobile" found through its survey that majority of successful exporters spent for the frequent business travels of their officials abroad. The Russian government is focusing on improving its transportation for military emergencies and for internal economic activities. Construction contracts in the residential, engineering and industrial sectors of Canada increased in March 1936.

The article reports on the decision of the administration of U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt to end the negotiations with the Soviet Union for a new debt settlement and trade agreement in 1935. The factors which influenced the U.S. decision on the issue include the assurance made by Japanese officials that Japan has no bad intentions for the U.S. and the positive outlook for the Chinese Eastern Railway problem. A loan of 100 million U.S. dollars was also asked by the Russians.

The article discusses the state of the U.S. markets as of August 1942. It states that the war is being fought on too many fronts to determine their overall effect on the markets, with German advances into Russia causing concern, mitigated by the U.S. offensive in the Solomon Islands in the Pacific. Banks have received a reprieve from the Federal Reserve Board, however, which lifted reserve requirements for banks in New York city, New York and Chicago, Illinois. Also, the Senate Finance Committee has eased taxes levied on corporations nationwide.

The article discusses the effort of the Russian government to partner with U.S. engineering and manufacturing firms under technical-aid contracts in 1928. Under such agreements, those companies are creating plans for industrial organizations and plants in Russia, provide experts to lay out factories and install machinery. The "Engineering and Mining Journal" stated the possible criticism that U.S. engineers may face in relation to their role in the growing rehabilitation of the Russian industry.

The article offers information on the political disputes in the U.S. which arise from the implementation of its foreign aid program. It states that the disputes concern the possibility to use the foreign aid program in subsidizing the socialism approach in foreign countries. It adds that the disputes are based on the Administration's decision to approve the request to provide more funds for the program, or to risk a thrust for the influence of Soviet Union in Asia, Africa, and Middle East.

The article focuses on the international trade between the Communist countries and non-communist countries, and the U.S. diplomacy towards this trade. It states that the increasing trade volume between Communist and non-communist countries is a major diplomatic and political concern for the U.S. However, the U.S. is facing both criticism and pressure to increase trade with Communist regions, including China and Soviet Union.

The article focuses on the production and use of gold in the international trade. It mentions the gold production of Soviet Union which is about 420 million dollars worth a year, as being estimated by Pick's World Currency Report and the German Industrial Institute of Dusseldorf. The member nations of the European Payments Union have made their monthly settlements 75% in gold since August 1, 1955. It adds that the gold's price in Bombay, India can run higher than 50 dollars an ounce.

The article reports on the Italian trade mission to Moscow, Russia. It mentions that the Italian trade mission wants to set up a 100-million-dollars-a-year exchange of goods with Russia. It says that Italian citrus fruits, textile, and industrial equipment will be offered for Russian grains, timber, and oil. Furthermore, it states that U.S. will watch over the East-West trade, particularly on Italian goods export, to prevent bolstering Soviet Union's war potential.

The article looks at the problems of Soviet Union with regards to driven robotic technology. It is noted that the U.S. Ronald Reagan administration will not be participating in the exports of vital ingredients which are necessary for robotic completion. Fears of retaliation of the administration for companies that transfer technology to the east resulted tremors to Soviet's robotic ambition that slows their technological upbringing.

The article focuses on the plans of the U.S. and the Soviet Union regarding the deployment of the U.S. Pershing II medium range nuclear missiles in Europe. It states that the U.S. is sticking to its plans on deploying its Pershing II missile in Europe and informs that the Soviet Union is proposing cutting back its number of warheads in the European continent. It also mentions about the threat that the Soviet will face following the successful deployment of the Pershing II.

The article discusses how the Star Wars nuclear attack defense program of U.S. President Ronald Reagan has been criticized by U.S. defense research and policy experts. According to the author, some experts believe that Reagan unnecessarily raised questions about whether Star Wars would violate the 1972 Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) treaty and complicate efforts to create a treaty that reduces U.S. and Soviet offensive nuclear weapons.

The article focuses on various developments related to business that occurred worldwide from August 23, 1982 to August 27, 1982. According to Wharton Econometric Forecasting Associates Inc. gross national product (GNP) of Soviet Union increased more than 1 percent over the earlier period. The rate of investment as a percent of GNP in the U.S. declined to 11.3 percent in the second quarter. The five-year revision of GNP data of the U.S. shows that the rate has exceeded 11 percent since 1977.

The article focuses on efforts by the U.S. to recapture Soviet business following the move by President Ronald Reagan to lift the embargo on agricultural trade with the country. During a briefing in Washington on April 24, 1981 prior to the official lifting of the embargo, Agricultural Department officials told the Russians about the ample grain supplies of the U.S. and proposed the renegotiation of the five-year, bilateral grain agreement that will expire in September. Other countries competing for Soviet business include Argentina and France.