1. Detection of antibodies against capripoxviruses using an inactivated sheeppox virus ELISA.
- Author
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Babiuk S, Wallace DB, Smith SJ, Bowden TR, Dalman B, Parkyn G, Copps J, and Boyle DB
- Subjects
- Animals, Animals, Domestic virology, Antibodies, Viral biosynthesis, Blotting, Western veterinary, Cattle, Cross Reactions, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay methods, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay standards, Female, Goats, Male, Neutralization Tests veterinary, Poxviridae Infections diagnosis, Poxviridae Infections epidemiology, Sensitivity and Specificity, Sheep, Species Specificity, Antibodies, Viral blood, Capripoxvirus immunology, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay veterinary, Poxviridae Infections veterinary
- Abstract
An indirect ELISA was developed to detect antibodies specific for capripoxviruses in goat, sheep and cattle sera. Heat-inactivated Nigerian sheeppox virus was used as the ELISA antigen. Sera obtained from sheep and goats that were experimentally infected with different capripoxvirus isolates were used to develop and evaluate the sensitivity of the ELISA. Virus neutralization indexes were determined for the experimental sera in OA3.Ts cells. The specificity of the ELISA was determined using 231 sera from capripoxvirus naïve sheep and goats from Canada. In addition, the ELISA was tested for cross-reactivity to anti-orf virus antibodies using orf-reactive sera and no cross-reactivity was observed. Using experimentally generated sera obtained from animals infected with virulent sheeppox or goatpox virus isolates, the diagnostic sensitivity of the ELISA was 96% with a diagnostic specificity of 95%, where the diagnostic sensitivity of the virus neutralization assay was 96% with a diagnostic specificity of 100%. Further evaluation of this ELISA, using 276 cattle serum samples that were positive by virus neutralization assays, revealed a diagnostic sensitivity of 88% with a specificity of 97%. These results indicated that the inactivated capripoxvirus ELISA can detect capripoxvirus-specific antibodies in sheep, goats and cattle that have been infected with virulent capripoxvirus isolates. Non-virulent capripoxvirus isolates, in contrast, did not elicit positive (>or=1.5 Log10 neutralization index) antibody responses.
- Published
- 2009
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