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Background and Aims: Nowadays, the use of energizing substances has become a complex complicated problem in sports and causes damage to various tissues, on the other hand. However, sports activity has a significant impact on controlling and improving oxidative stress factors and inflammatory indicators. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of eight- weeks of resistance training on lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde [MDA]MDA) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in the heart tissue of rats exposed to stanazol. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 24 male rats with a weight range of 150-200 g and a mean age of 8 weeks were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups (n=6 each), namely 1) control (C), 2) sham (Sh), 3) consumption of stanazol (S), and 4) consumption of stanazol together with resistance training (S+RT). During eight weeks, both groups of 3 and 4 received 5 mg/kg stanazol intraperitoneally daily; however, group 4 performed resistance training three times a week with an intensity of 30%-100% of their body weight. A one-way variance analysis and Tukey's post hoc test were used to analyze the data (P<0.05). Results: Stanazol had a significant effect on increasing MDA (P=0.001) and TNF-α (P=0.001) in heart tissue. However, resistance training led to a decrease in MDA (P=0.001) and TNF-α (P=0.001) in the heart tissue of rats exposed to stanazol. Conclusion: It seems that the consumption of anabolic steroids, especially stanazol, increased stress and MDA and TNF-α in the heart, while resistance training can could improve the increased levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory factorsdecrease its findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims: Diazinon is an organophosphate insecticide that causes oxidative stress. However, physical activity improves the antioxidant status of the heart. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of an eight-week high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on the indices of oxidative stress in the heart tissue in male rats exposed to diazinon. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 24 male Sprague-Dawley rats with a weight of 150 to 200 gm and an average age of eight weeks were randomly divided into three groups )n=8), including 1) control (C), 2) diazinon (D), and 3) HIIT and diazinon (HD). Groups 2 and 3 received diazinon 1.5 mg/kg intraperitoneally for five days a week for eight weeks. Group 3 also underwent HIIT with an intensity of 85% to 110% of VO2max and a speed of 15-25 m/min for eight weeks. After eight weeks, Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) gene expression were measured in the heart tissue. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software (version 22) and running the Shapiro-Wilk statistical test, one-way analysis of variance, and Tukey’s post hoc tests. Moreover, a P-value of ≤0.05 was considered significant. Results: The findings showed that diazinon significantly increased MDA (P=0.001) and decreased SOD and CAT (P=0.001) in the heart tissue. On the other hand, HIIT led to a decrease in MDA (P=0.001) and an increase in the antioxidant indices of SOD (P=0.001) and CAT (P=0.01) in the heart tissue of rats exposed to diazinon. Conclusion: It seems that regular HIIT had protective effects against heart tissue damage by diazinon poisoning by reducing oxidative stress indicators and increasing antioxidant activities in the heart tissue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]