1. The molecular genetic make-up of male breast cancer
- Author
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Nicolle Besselink, Pier Selenica, Pjotr Prins, Britta Weigelt, Bert van der Vegt, Cathy B. Moelans, Peter Bult, Carmen C. van der Pol, Marco J. Koudijs, Marlous Hoogstraat, Robert Kornegoor, Jorge S. Reis-Filho, Paul J. van Diest, Natalie D. ter Hoeve, Isaac J. Nijman, Elsken van der Wall, Edwin Cuppen, Emile E. Voest, John W.M. Martens, Petra van der Groep, Wendy W.J. de Leng, Joep de Ligt, Miangela M. Lacle, Ellis Barbé, Vincent T.H.B.M. Smit, Pathology, Other Research, Medical Oncology, and Damage and Repair in Cancer Development and Cancer Treatment (DARE)
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Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Cancer Research ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Estrogen receptor ,amplification ,medicine.disease_cause ,genomic ,Breast cancer ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,Aged, 80 and over ,Mutation ,INHIBITOR ,Middle Aged ,Prognosis ,TUMORS ,Diabetes and Metabolism ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Male breast cancer ,GROWTH ,Female ,Adult ,CARCINOMA ,DNA Copy Number Variations ,Amplification ,Breast Neoplasms ,Biology ,COPY NUMBER CHANGES ,Article ,Breast Neoplasms, Male ,03 medical and health sciences ,breast cancer ,Germline mutation ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,copy number ,Progesterone receptor ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,medicine ,Carcinoma ,Humans ,Aged ,MUTATIONS ,Genome, Human ,Gene Amplification ,DNA ,Oncogenes ,medicine.disease ,KLINEFELTER-SYNDROME ,030104 developmental biology ,Genomic ,PAK1 ,Cancer research ,TAMOXIFEN RESISTANCE ,Klinefelter syndrome - Abstract
Male breast cancer (MBC) is extremely rare and accounts for less than 1% of all breast malignancies. Therefore, clinical management of MBC is currently guided by research on the disease in females. In this study, DNA obtained from 45 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) MBCs with and 90 MBCs (52 FFPE and 38 fresh-frozen) without matched normal tissues was subjected to massively parallel sequencing targeting all exons of 1943 cancer-related genes. The landscape of mutations and copy number alterations was compared to that of publicly available estrogen receptor (ER)-positive female breast cancers (smFBCs) and correlated to prognosis. From the 135 MBCs, 90% showed ductal histology, 96% were ER-positive, 66% were progesterone receptor (PR)-positive, and 2% HER2-positive, resulting in 50, 46 and 4% luminal A-like, luminal B-like and basal-like cases, respectively. Five patients had Klinefelter syndrome (4%) and 11% of patients harbored pathogenic BRCA2 germline mutations. The genomic landscape of MBC to some extent recapitulated that of smFBC, with recurrent PIK3CA (36%) and GATA3 (15%) somatic mutations, and with 40% of the most frequently amplified genes overlapping between both sexes. TP53 (3%) somatic mutations were significantly less frequent in MBC compared to smFBC, whereas somatic mutations in genes regulating chromatin function and homologous recombination deficiency-related signatures were more prevalent. MDM2 amplifications were frequent (13%), correlated with protein overexpression (P = 0.001) and predicted poor outcome (P = 0.007). In conclusion, despite similarities in the genomic landscape between MBC and smFBC, MBC is a molecularly unique and heterogeneous disease requiring its own clinical trials and treatment guidelines.
- Published
- 2019
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