1. Epidemiological characterization of rare diseases in Brazil: A retrospective study of the Brazilian Rare Diseases Network.
- Author
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de Oliveira BM, Bernardi FA, Baiochi JF, Neiva MB, Artifon M, Vergara AA, Martins AM, Grumach AS, Acosta AX, Husny ASE, de Freitas Rodrigues Ribeiro B, Ramos CF, Steiner CE, Kim CA, Christofolini DM, Yamada DB, Carvalho EDF, Ribeiro EM, de Arruda Bastos F, Serpa FS, Brandão FR, Adjuto GMAF, Carvalho I, Saute JAM, Junior JCL, Bueno LSM, da Silva LCS, Santos MLSF, Costa MCM, Giusti MMCG, Galera MF, Filho MEC, de Andrade MDFC, De Oliveira Cardoso MT, de Menezes Ferreira MM, Zeny M, Caldato MCF, Sorte NB, Musolino NRC, de Medeiros PFV, Zen PRG, Da Silva RTB, Maia RE, Fock R, Almeida RES, Valle SOR, Amorim T, Teixeira TB, Prazeres VMG, de Faria Ferraz VE, Lima VC, Paiva WJM, Schwartz IVD, Alves D, and Félix TM
- Subjects
- Humans, Retrospective Studies, Brazil epidemiology, Female, Adolescent, Male, Child, Adult, Young Adult, Child, Preschool, Neonatal Screening, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Rare Diseases epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: The Brazilian Policy for Comprehensive Care for People with Rare Diseases was implemented in 2014; however, national epidemiological data on rare diseases (RDs) are scarce and mainly focused on specific disorders. To address this gap, University Hospitals, Reference Services for Neonatal Screening, and Reference Services for Rare Diseases, all of which are public health institutions, established the Brazilian Rare Diseases Network (RARAS) in 2020. The objective of this study was to perform a comprehensive nationwide epidemiological investigation of individuals with RDs in Brazil. This retrospective survey collected data from patients receiving care in 34 healthcare facilities affiliated with RARAS in 2018 and 2019., Results: The survey included 12,530 participants with a median age of 15.0 years, with women representing 50.5% of the cohort. Classification according to skin color demonstrated that 5044 (47.4%) participants were admixed. Most had a confirmed diagnosis (63.2%), with a predominance of phenylketonuria (PKU), cystic fibrosis (CF), and acromegaly. Common clinical manifestations included global developmental delay and seizures. The average duration of the diagnostic odyssey was 5.4 years (± 7.9 years). Among the confirmed diagnoses, 52.2% were etiological (biochemical: 42.5%; molecular: 30.9%), while 47.8% were clinical. Prenatal diagnoses accounted for 1.2%. Familial recurrence and consanguinity rates were 21.6% and 6.4%, respectively. Mainstay treatments included drug therapy (55.0%) and rehabilitation (15.6%). The Public Health System funded most diagnoses (84.2%) and treatments (86.7%). Hospitalizations were reported in 44.5% of cases, and the mortality rate was 1.5%, primarily due to motor neuron disease and CF., Conclusion: This study marks a pioneering national-level data collection effort for rare diseases in Brazil, offering novel insights to advance the understanding, management, and resource allocation for RDs. It unveils an average diagnostic odyssey of 5.4 years and a higher prevalence of PKU and CF, possibly associated with the specialized services network, which included newborn screening services., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2024
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