1. Routine use of low-dose glucarpidase following high-dose methotrexate in adult patients with CNS lymphoma: an open-label, multi-center phase I study.
- Author
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Schaff LR, Lobbous M, Carlow D, Schofield R, Gavrilovic IT, Miller AM, Stone JB, Piotrowski AF, Sener U, Skakodub A, Acosta EP, Ryan KJ, Mellinghoff IK, DeAngelis LM, Nabors LB, and Grommes C
- Subjects
- Aged, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Recombinant Proteins administration & dosage, Recombinant Proteins adverse effects, Recombinant Proteins therapeutic use, Antineoplastic Agents administration & dosage, Antineoplastic Agents adverse effects, Antineoplastic Agents therapeutic use, Central Nervous System Neoplasms drug therapy, Central Nervous System Neoplasms mortality, Lymphoma drug therapy, Lymphoma mortality, Methotrexate administration & dosage, Methotrexate adverse effects, Methotrexate therapeutic use, gamma-Glutamyl Hydrolase administration & dosage, gamma-Glutamyl Hydrolase adverse effects, gamma-Glutamyl Hydrolase therapeutic use
- Abstract
Background: High-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX) has broad use in the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) malignancies but confers significant toxicity without inpatient hydration and monitoring. Glucarpidase is a bacterial recombinant enzyme dosed at 50 units (u)/kg, resulting in rapid systemic MTX clearance. The aim of this study was to demonstrate feasibility of low-dose glucarpidase to facilitate MTX clearance in patients with CNS lymphoma (CNSL)., Methods: Eight CNSL patients received HD-MTX 3 or 6 g/m
2 and glucarpidase 2000 or 1000u 24 h later. Treatments repeated every 2 weeks up to 8 cycles., Results: Fifty-five treatments were administered. Glucarpidase 2000u yielded > 95% reduction in plasma MTX within 15 min following 33/34 doses (97.1%) and glucarpidase 1000u yielded > 95% reduction following 15/20 doses (75%). Anti-glucarpidase antibodies developed in 4 patients and were associated with MTX rebound. In CSF, glucarpidase was not detected and MTX levels remained cytotoxic after 1 (3299.5 nmol/L, n = 8) and 6 h (1254.7 nmol/L, n = 7). Treatment was safe and well-tolerated. Radiographic responses in 6 of 8 patients (75%) were as expected following MTX-based therapy., Conclusions: This study demonstrates feasibility of planned-use low-dose glucarpidase for MTX clearance and supports the hypothesis that glucarpidase does not impact MTX efficacy in the CNS., Clinical Trial Registration: NCT03684980 (Registration date 26/09/2018)., (© 2022. The Author(s).)- Published
- 2022
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