15 results on '"Hao, Bing"'
Search Results
2. Comparative transcriptome and metabolome analyses provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying taproot thickening in Panax notoginseng
- Author
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Li, Xue-Jiao, Yang, Jian-Li, Hao, Bing, Lu, Ying-Chun, Qian, Zhi-Long, Li, Ying, Ye, Shuang, Tang, Jun-Rong, Chen, Mo, Long, Guang-Qiang, Zhao, Yan, Zhang, Guang-Hui, Chen, Jun-Wen, Fan, Wei, and Yang, Sheng-Chao
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Is it sufficient to evaluate bone marrow involvement in newly diagnosed lymphomas using 18F-FDG PET/CT and/or routine iliac crest biopsy? A new approach of PET/CT-guided targeted bone marrow biopsy
- Author
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Hao, Bing, Zhao, Long, Luo, Na-na, Ruan, Dan, Pang, Yi-zhen, Guo, Wei, Fu, Hao, Guo, Xiu-yu, Luo, Zuo-ming, Wu, Jing, Chen, Hao-jun, Wu, Hua, and Sun, Long
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Efficacy of ursolic acid against Echinococcus granulosus in vitro and in a murine infection model
- Author
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Jianping Cao, Congshan Liu, Hao-Bing Zhang, Jianhai Yin, and Yujuan Shen
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Secondary infection ,Mebendazole ,Biology ,Pharmacology ,In Vitro Techniques ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,Albendazole ,Ultrastructural damage ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Mice ,Ursolic acid ,Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ,In vivo ,Echinococcosis ,medicine ,Animals ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,Anthelmintic ,Metacestodes ,Echinococcus granulosus ,Anthelmintics ,Research ,biology.organism_classification ,In vitro ,Triterpenes ,Disease Models, Animal ,Microscopy, Electron ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,chemistry ,Larva ,Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ,Parasitology ,Germinal cells ,Protoscoleces ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background Cystic echinococcosis is a global public health problem; however, the drugs (albendazole and mebendazole) currently recommended by WHO for its treatment, have limited efficacy. Therefore, novel drugs are required to provide more choices for the treatment of this disease. Methods The anthelmintic effects of ursolic acid (UA) were tested on Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces, germinal cells and metacestodes in vitro. The in vivo efficacy of UA was investigated in mice following secondary infection with E. granulosus. Furthermore, the corresponding ultrastructural damage induced by UA was evaluated by electron microscopy. Results In vitro, 45.95 ± 5.30% of protoscoleces were killed by UA at 40 μg/ml, while the growth of more than 90% of germinal cells was inhibited by UA at 10 to 40 μg/ml. The same effect was observed in metacestodes 7 days after treatment with UA at 10, 20 and 40 μg/ml, and more than 50% of metacestodes showed loss of integrity at the end of the experiment. In vivo, metacestode weight was significantly reduced following oral administration of UA at 200 and 100 mg/kg (39.5 and 38.3%, respectively). Additionally, ultrastructural damage, such as alternations in germinal cell morphology and formation of vacuoles and lipid granules were observed in parasites treated with UA in vitro, while detachment of the germinal layer from the laminated layer was also seen in metacestodes in vivo. Conclusions UA was demonstrated to exert parasiticidal activity against E. granulosus in vitro and in vivo, thus implicating UA as a potential anti-echinococcosis agent.
- Published
- 2018
5. Slow-release praziquantel for dogs: presentation of a new formulation for echinococcosis control
- Author
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Xiao-Nong Zhou, Bin Jiang, Liu Ni, Le-Le Huo, Hao-Bing Zhang, and Tao Yi
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Veterinary medicine ,China ,030231 tropical medicine ,Cmax ,Pharmacokinetic ,Beagle ,High-performance liquid chromatography ,Praziquantel ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,Subcutaneous injection ,0302 clinical medicine ,Dogs ,Pharmacokinetics ,Echinococcosis ,parasitic diseases ,medicine ,Dog ,Animals ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,Dog Diseases ,biology ,Enantiomer ,business.industry ,lcsh:Public aspects of medicine ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Anticestodal Agents ,lcsh:RA1-1270 ,In situ slow-release preparation ,General Medicine ,030108 mycology & parasitology ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Echinococcus ,Stereoselective ,Infectious Diseases ,Delayed-Action Preparations ,Transmission-blocking ,business ,medicine.drug ,Research Article - Abstract
Background Echinococcosis is a serious, zoonotic, parasitic disease with worldwide distribution. According to a epidemiological survey in 2012 in China, there are 20,000 infected patients and more than 50 million people at the risk. As the dog is the main, definitive host, the Government of China encourages monthly praziquantel treatment of every dog. However, this is difficult to achieve in geographically challenging areas, such as the Tibetan plateau, where there are also many dogs without owners. To overcome these problems, we investigated the transmission blocking capacity of a slow-release formulation of praziquantel administered by subcutaneous injection. Methods The impact of a slow-release preparation of two pharmacokinetically stereoselective praziquantel enantiomers, i.e., R-(−)-praziquantel (R-PZQ) and S-(+)-praziquantel (S-PZQ) absorbed into a biodegradable polymer was studied in beagle dogs (N = 6). The preparation was given by subcutaneous injection using a single dose of 100 mg/kg. Chiral-selective, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) were applied to measure the praziquantel enantiomers in the plasma of the dogs. The lower limit for estimating plasma concentrations accurately for R-PZQ was 4 ng/ml and for S-PZQ 20 ng/ml. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by a noncompartmental analysis model using Drug Analyze System (DAS) software 2.0. The SPSS 19.0 software was used for statistical analysis, and the statistical comparison between enantiomers was assessed using the two-tailed t-test. Results Two hours after administration, peak concentrations of R-PZQ and S-PZQ: 321 ± 26 and 719 ± 263 ng/ml, respectively, were achieved. After 180 days, the average plasma concentration of R-PZQ in the six dogs had decreased to 13 ng/ml. The average concentration value of S-PZQ was higher than that of R-PZQ in the first 90-day period but fell afterwards and could not be accurately estimated when dropping below 20 ng/ml (the lower methodological limit for this enantiomer). Taking all the dogs into account, the average maximum concentration (Cmax) of S-PZQ in plasma over the first 3 months was higher than that of R-PZQ by 114.0% (P
- Published
- 2017
6. A novel anti-p21Ras scFv antibody reacting specifically with human tumour cell lines and primary tumour tissues.
- Author
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Ju-Lun Yang, Du-Xian Liu, Shi-Jian Zhen, Yun-Gang Zhou, Dai-Jun Zhang, Li-Ying Yang, Hao-Bing Chen, Qiang Feng, Yang, Ju-Lun, Liu, Du-Xian, Zhen, Shi-Jian, Zhou, Yun-Gang, Zhang, Dai-Jun, Yang, Li-Ying, Chen, Hao-Bing, and Feng, Qiang
- Subjects
CANCER invasiveness ,RAS oncogenes ,IMMUNOGLOBULINS ,CELL lines ,CANCER cells ,ANIMAL experimentation ,CELLS ,EPITHELIAL cells ,IMMUNITY ,MICE ,MONOCLONAL antibodies ,PROTEINS ,RECOMBINANT proteins - Abstract
Background: The ras genes play an important role in the development and progression of human tumours. Neutralizing Ras proteins in the cytoplasm could be an effective approach to blocking ras signalling. In this study, we prepared anti-p21Ras single chain fragment variable antibody (scFv) and investigated its immunoreactivity with human tumours.Methods: The coding sequences of H-ras, K-ras, and N-ras were separately ligated into the vector pET-28a(+). Then, recombinant expressing plasmids were induced by IPTG for p21Ras expression in E. coli. Hybridoma cell lines producing anti-p21Ras monoclonal antibodies were isolated using wildtype p21Ras proteins as immunogens. Anti-p21Ras scFv antibody was prepared from the hybridoma by the phage scFv display method. The immunoreactivity of the anti-p21Ras monoclonal antibody and the scFv antibody was identified by ELISA and immunocytochemistry.Results: We prokaryotically expressed wildtype H-p21Ras, K-p21Ras and N-p21Ras and generated the hybridoma cell line KGH-R1, producing anti-p21Ras monoclonal antibodies. It was demonstrated that KGH-R1 monoclonal antibody could recognize wildtype and mutated H-p21Ras, K-p21Ras and N-p21Ras in human tumour cell lines. In all 14 types of primary human cancer tissues tested, the monoclonal antibody presented strong immunoreactivity but showed weak or negative immunoreactivity in the corresponding normal tissues. Subsequently, we prepared anti-p21Ras scFv from hybridoma KGH-R1, which showed the same immunoreactivity as the original monoclonal antibody. Sequence analysis demonstrated that the nucleotides and amino acids of the scFv exhibited an approximately 50 % difference from the anti-p21Ras scFv reported previously.Conclusions: This study presents a novel anti-p21Ras scFv antibody. Our data suggest that the scFv may be useful for ras signalling blockage and may be a potential therapeutic antibody for ras-derived tumours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Slow-release praziquantel for dogs: presentation of a new formulation for echinococcosis control.
- Author
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Bin Jiang, Xiao-Nong Zhou, Hao-Bing Zhang, Yi Tao, Le-Le Huo, and Ni Liu
- Subjects
ECHINOCOCCOSIS ,PRAZIQUANTEL ,HIGH performance liquid chromatography ,THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Background: Echinococcosis is a serious, zoonotic, parasitic disease with worldwide distribution. According to a epidemiological survey in 2012 in China, there are 20,000 infected patients and more than 50 million people at the risk. As the dog is the main, definitive host, the Government of China encourages monthly praziquantel treatment of every dog. However, this is difficult to achieve in geographically challenging areas, such as the Tibetan plateau, where there are also many dogs without owners. To overcome these problems, we investigated the transmission blocking capacity of a slow-release formulation of praziquantel administered by subcutaneous injection. Methods: The impact of a slow-release preparation of two pharmacokinetically stereoselective praziquantel enantiomers, i.e., R-(-)-praziquantel (R-PZQ) and S-(+)-praziquantel (S-PZQ) absorbed into a biodegradable polymer was studied in beagle dogs (N = 6). The preparation was given by subcutaneous injection using a single dose of 100 mg/kg. Chiral-selective, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) were applied to measure the praziquantel enantiomers in the plasma of the dogs. The lower limit for estimating plasma concentrations accurately for R-PZQ was 4 ng/ml and for S-PZQ 20 ng/ml. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by a noncompartmental analysis model using Drug Analyze System (DAS) software 2.0. The SPSS 19.0 software was used for statistical analysis, and the statistical comparison between enantiomers was assessed using the two-tailed t-test. Results: Two hours after administration, peak concentrations of R-PZQ and S-PZQ: 321 ± 26 and 719 ± 263 ng/ml, respectively, were achieved. After 180 days, the average plasma concentration of R-PZQ in the six dogs had decreased to 13 ng/ml. The average concentration value of S-PZQ was higher than that of R-PZQ in the first 90-day period but fell afterwards and could not be accurately estimated when dropping below 20 ng/ml (the lower methodological limit for this enantiomer). Taking all the dogs into account, the average maximum concentration (C
max ) of S-PZQ in plasma over the first 3 months was higher than that of R-PZQ by 114.0% (P < 0.05), while the average mean retention time (MRT) of R-PZQ in plasma was higher than that of S-PZQ by 96.3% (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Praziquantel given as an in situ slow-release formulation by subcutaneous injection resulted in concentrations of the active principle in beagle dogs, which should be capable of resisting new Echinococcus infections for at least 6 months. The new formulation of praziquantel represents a potential, alternative way of presenting medication against tapeworm infections in dogs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. An alternative mebendazole formulation for cystic echinococcosis: the treatment efficacy, pharmacokinetics and safety in mice.
- Author
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Cong-Shan Liu, Hao-Bing Zhang, Wen Lei, Chao-Wei Zhang, Bin Jiang, Qi Zheng, Jian-Hai Yin, and Xiu-Min Han
- Subjects
- *
TAPEWORM infections , *PHARMACOKINETICS , *MEBENDAZOLE , *ANTHELMINTICS , *ZOONOSES , *ECHINOCOCCUS , *THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Background Cystic echinococcosis is a serious zoonotic infection worldwide caused by metacestodes of Echinococcus gruanulosus. Mebendazole and albendazole are the only two drugs used in the treatment of this disease with cure rates only about 30% due to the poor oral absorption. Thus an alternative treatment for this disease is needed. Methods A mebendazole oily suspension (MBZ-OS) was prepared and orally administrated to mice infected with echinococcus cysts for 8 months at 12.5 mg/kg and 25 mg/kg for 14 consecutive days. Mebendazole suspended in 1% tragacanth (MBZ-1% tragacanth) served as treated control. In addition, liver and serum samples were collected from these treated mice (25 mg/kg) for histopathology examination and liver function test. For pharmacokinetic analysis, plasma, parasite (cyst wall and cyst fluid) and tissue samples were collected at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 24 h after orally administrating MBZ-OS and MBZ-1% tragacanth to E. granulosus-infected mice at 25 mg/kg. These samples were then processed and quantitatively analyzed by HPLC. Results The administration of MBZ-OS resulted in a treatment efficacy with the cyst weight reductions higher than 80%, significantly better than the corresponding MBZ-1% tragacanth groups. The better treatment efficacy of MBZ-OS was related to the higher drug concentration in plasma, parasites and tissues. It was also shown that the injury of the liver was not significantly altered by taking MBZ-OS compared to the untreated control. Conclusion These findings demonstrate that MBZ-OS is a promising new formulation of MBZ for treatment of hydatid diseases without showing significantly liver toxicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Is it sufficient to evaluate bone marrow involvement in newly diagnosed lymphomas using 18F-FDG PET/CT and/or routine iliac crest biopsy? A new approach of PET/CT-guided targeted bone marrow biopsy.
- Author
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Hao, Bing, Zhao, Long, Luo, Na-Na, Ruan, Dan, Pang, Yi-Zhen, Guo, Wei, Fu, Hao, Guo, Xiu-Yu, Luo, Zuo-Ming, Wu, Jing, Chen, Hao-Jun, Wu, Hua, and Sun, Long
- Abstract
Background: To investigate whether PET/CT-guided bone marrow biopsy adds complementary information for evaluation of bone marrow involvement (BMI) in newly diagnosed lymphomas.Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed lymphomas that received both 18F-FDG PET/CT and bone marrow biopsy (BMB) were included in this retrospective study. PET/CT classification of bone lesions was classified as isolated, multifocal (2 lesions or more), diffuse (homogeneous uptake of the entire axial skeleton), or negative. BMBs included PET/CT-guided targeted BMB and/or the routine unilateral iliac crest biopsy. Of 34 patients with focal lesions on PET/CT scan, 30 received both PET/CT-guided targeted BMB and iliac crest biopsy, and 4 patients received targeted biopsy without iliac crest biopsy. The final diagnosis of BMI depends on BMB results.Results: A total of 299 patients with lymphomas were included. PET/CT classification of bone lesions was isolated (16/5.4%), multifocal (67/22.4%), diffuse (52/17.4%), and negative (164/54.8%). If only positive iliac crest biopsy was considered as the reference standard, the sensitivity of 18F-FDG PET/CT for identifying focal and diffuse BMI was 48 and 56%, respectively, and the respective specificities were 70 and 83%. Three of 30 patients (10.0%) with focal lesions on PET/CT were confirmed to be false-positive by targeted BMB, and 25 of 30 patients (83.3%) with focal lesions on PET/CT were confirmed as false-negative by iliac crest biopsy.Conclusion: It is insufficient to evaluate BMI in newly diagnosed lymphomas using both 18F-FDG PET/CT and routine iliac crest biopsy. 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging should be performed before BMB. In focal bone lesions, PET/CT-guided targeted BMB may complement the results of possible false-positive PET/CT and false-negative iliac crest biopsy findings. However, in diffuse and negative lesions, iliac crest biopsy cannot be safely omitted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Slow-release praziquantel for dogs: presentation of a new formulation for echinococcosis control.
- Author
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Jiang B, Zhou XN, Zhang HB, Tao Y, Huo LL, and Liu N
- Subjects
- Animals, Anticestodal Agents administration & dosage, Anticestodal Agents chemistry, China, Delayed-Action Preparations therapeutic use, Dogs, Echinococcosis drug therapy, Praziquantel administration & dosage, Praziquantel chemistry, Anticestodal Agents therapeutic use, Dog Diseases drug therapy, Echinococcosis veterinary, Praziquantel therapeutic use
- Abstract
Background: Echinococcosis is a serious, zoonotic, parasitic disease with worldwide distribution. According to a epidemiological survey in 2012 in China, there are 20,000 infected patients and more than 50 million people at the risk. As the dog is the main, definitive host, the Government of China encourages monthly praziquantel treatment of every dog. However, this is difficult to achieve in geographically challenging areas, such as the Tibetan plateau, where there are also many dogs without owners. To overcome these problems, we investigated the transmission blocking capacity of a slow-release formulation of praziquantel administered by subcutaneous injection., Methods: The impact of a slow-release preparation of two pharmacokinetically stereoselective praziquantel enantiomers, i.e., R-(-)-praziquantel (R-PZQ) and S-(+)-praziquantel (S-PZQ) absorbed into a biodegradable polymer was studied in beagle dogs (N = 6). The preparation was given by subcutaneous injection using a single dose of 100 mg/kg. Chiral-selective, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) were applied to measure the praziquantel enantiomers in the plasma of the dogs. The lower limit for estimating plasma concentrations accurately for R-PZQ was 4 ng/ml and for S-PZQ 20 ng/ml. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by a noncompartmental analysis model using Drug Analyze System (DAS) software 2.0. The SPSS 19.0 software was used for statistical analysis, and the statistical comparison between enantiomers was assessed using the two-tailed t-test., Results: Two hours after administration, peak concentrations of R-PZQ and S-PZQ: 321 ± 26 and 719 ± 263 ng/ml, respectively, were achieved. After 180 days, the average plasma concentration of R-PZQ in the six dogs had decreased to 13 ng/ml. The average concentration value of S-PZQ was higher than that of R-PZQ in the first 90-day period but fell afterwards and could not be accurately estimated when dropping below 20 ng/ml (the lower methodological limit for this enantiomer). Taking all the dogs into account, the average maximum concentration (C
max ) of S-PZQ in plasma over the first 3 months was higher than that of R-PZQ by 114.0% (P < 0.05), while the average mean retention time (MRT) of R-PZQ in plasma was higher than that of S-PZQ by 96.3% (P < 0.05)., Conclusions: Praziquantel given as an in situ slow-release formulation by subcutaneous injection resulted in concentrations of the active principle in beagle dogs, which should be capable of resisting new Echinococcus infections for at least 6 months. The new formulation of praziquantel represents a potential, alternative way of presenting medication against tapeworm infections in dogs.- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. A novel anti-p21Ras scFv antibody reacting specifically with human tumour cell lines and primary tumour tissues.
- Author
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Yang JL, Liu DX, Zhen SJ, Zhou YG, Zhang DJ, Yang LY, Chen HB, and Feng Q
- Subjects
- Animals, Antibodies, Monoclonal pharmacology, Antibody Specificity, Cell Line, Tumor, HCT116 Cells, HeLa Cells, Hep G2 Cells, Humans, Hybridomas cytology, MCF-7 Cells, Mice, Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) genetics, Recombinant Proteins biosynthesis, Recombinant Proteins pharmacology, Single-Chain Antibodies pharmacology, Antibodies, Monoclonal biosynthesis, Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) immunology, Single-Chain Antibodies biosynthesis
- Abstract
Background: The ras genes play an important role in the development and progression of human tumours. Neutralizing Ras proteins in the cytoplasm could be an effective approach to blocking ras signalling. In this study, we prepared anti-p21Ras single chain fragment variable antibody (scFv) and investigated its immunoreactivity with human tumours., Methods: The coding sequences of H-ras, K-ras, and N-ras were separately ligated into the vector pET-28a(+). Then, recombinant expressing plasmids were induced by IPTG for p21Ras expression in E. coli. Hybridoma cell lines producing anti-p21Ras monoclonal antibodies were isolated using wildtype p21Ras proteins as immunogens. Anti-p21Ras scFv antibody was prepared from the hybridoma by the phage scFv display method. The immunoreactivity of the anti-p21Ras monoclonal antibody and the scFv antibody was identified by ELISA and immunocytochemistry., Results: We prokaryotically expressed wildtype H-p21Ras, K-p21Ras and N-p21Ras and generated the hybridoma cell line KGH-R1, producing anti-p21Ras monoclonal antibodies. It was demonstrated that KGH-R1 monoclonal antibody could recognize wildtype and mutated H-p21Ras, K-p21Ras and N-p21Ras in human tumour cell lines. In all 14 types of primary human cancer tissues tested, the monoclonal antibody presented strong immunoreactivity but showed weak or negative immunoreactivity in the corresponding normal tissues. Subsequently, we prepared anti-p21Ras scFv from hybridoma KGH-R1, which showed the same immunoreactivity as the original monoclonal antibody. Sequence analysis demonstrated that the nucleotides and amino acids of the scFv exhibited an approximately 50 % difference from the anti-p21Ras scFv reported previously., Conclusions: This study presents a novel anti-p21Ras scFv antibody. Our data suggest that the scFv may be useful for ras signalling blockage and may be a potential therapeutic antibody for ras-derived tumours.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. An alternative mebendazole formulation for cystic echinococcosis: the treatment efficacy, pharmacokinetics and safety in mice.
- Author
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Liu CS, Zhang HB, Lei W, Zhang CW, Jiang B, Zheng Q, Yin JH, and Han XM
- Subjects
- Animals, Anthelmintics administration & dosage, Anthelmintics chemistry, Chemistry, Pharmaceutical, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical, Echinococcosis parasitology, Echinococcus drug effects, Echinococcus physiology, Female, Humans, Male, Mebendazole administration & dosage, Mebendazole chemistry, Mice, Treatment Outcome, Anthelmintics pharmacokinetics, Echinococcosis drug therapy, Mebendazole pharmacokinetics
- Abstract
Background: Cystic echinococcosis is a serious zoonotic infection worldwide caused by metacestodes of Echinococcus gruanulosus. Mebendazole and albendazole are the only two drugs used in the treatment of this disease with cure rates only about 30% due to the poor oral absorption. Thus an alternative treatment for this disease is needed., Methods: A mebendazole oily suspension (MBZ-OS) was prepared and orally administrated to mice infected with echinococcus cysts for 8 months at 12.5 mg/kg and 25 mg/kg for 14 consecutive days. Mebendazole suspended in 1% tragacanth (MBZ-1% tragacanth) served as treated control. In addition, liver and serum samples were collected from these treated mice (25 mg/kg) for histopathology examination and liver function test. For pharmacokinetic analysis, plasma, parasite (cyst wall and cyst fluid) and tissue samples were collected at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 24 h after orally administrating MBZ-OS and MBZ-1% tragacanth to E. granulosus-infected mice at 25 mg/kg. These samples were then processed and quantitatively analyzed by HPLC., Results: The administration of MBZ-OS resulted in a treatment efficacy with the cyst weight reductions higher than 80%, significantly better than the corresponding MBZ-1% tragacanth groups. The better treatment efficacy of MBZ-OS was related to the higher drug concentration in plasma, parasites and tissues. It was also shown that the injury of the liver was not significantly altered by taking MBZ-OS compared to the untreated control., Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that MBZ-OS is a promising new formulation of MBZ for treatment of hydatid diseases without showing significantly liver toxicity.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Research gaps for three main tropical diseases in the People's Republic of China.
- Author
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Zheng Q, Vanderslott S, Jiang B, Xu LL, Liu CS, Huo LL, Duan LP, Wu NB, Li SZ, Xia ZG, Wu WP, Hu W, and Zhang HB
- Abstract
This scoping review analyzes the research gaps of three diseases: schistosomiasis japonica, malaria and echinococcosis. Based on available data in the P.R. China, we highlight the gaps between control capacity and prevalence levels, and between diagnostic/drug development and population need for treatment at different stages of the national control programme. After reviewing the literature from 848 original studies and consultations with experts in the field, the gaps were identified as follows. Firstly, the malaria research gaps include (i) deficiency of active testing in the public community and no appropriate technique to evaluate elimination, (ii) lack of sensitive diagnostic tools for asymptomatic patients, (iii) lack of safe drugs for mass administration. Secondly, gaps in research of schistosomiasis include (i) incongruent policy in the implementation of integrated control strategy for schistosomiasis, (ii) lack of effective tools for Oncomelania sp. snail control, (iii) lack of a more sensitive and cheaper diagnostic test for large population samples, (iv) lack of new drugs in addition to praziquantel. Thirdly, gaps in research of echinococcosis include (i) low capacity in field epidemiology studies, (ii) lack of sanitation improvement studies in epidemic areas, (iii) lack of a sensitivity test for early diagnosis, (iv) lack of more effective drugs for short-term treatment. We believe these three diseases can eventually be eliminated in mainland China if all the research gaps are abridged in a short period of time.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Identification of inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum phosphoethanolamine methyltransferase using an enzyme-coupled transmethylation assay.
- Author
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Bobenchik AM, Choi JY, Mishra A, Rujan IN, Hao B, Voelker DR, Hoch JC, and Mamoun CB
- Subjects
- Amodiaquine chemistry, Amodiaquine pharmacology, Animals, Binding Sites, Cetrimonium, Cetrimonium Compounds chemistry, Cetrimonium Compounds pharmacology, Enzyme Assays, Enzyme Inhibitors chemistry, Histamine N-Methyltransferase antagonists & inhibitors, Histamine N-Methyltransferase metabolism, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Methylation, Methyltransferases antagonists & inhibitors, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Quaternary Ammonium Compounds chemistry, Quaternary Ammonium Compounds pharmacology, Enzyme Inhibitors pharmacology, Methyltransferases metabolism, Plasmodium falciparum enzymology
- Abstract
Background: The phosphoethanolamine methyltransferase, PfPMT, of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, a member of a newly identified family of phosphoethanolamine methyltransferases (PMT) found solely in some protozoa, nematodes, frogs, and plants, is involved in the synthesis of the major membrane phospholipid, phosphatidylcholine. PMT enzymes catalyze a three-step S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methylation of the nitrogen atom of phosphoethanolamine to form phosphocholine. In P. falciparum, this activity is a limiting step in the pathway of synthesis of phosphatidylcholine from serine and plays an important role in the development, replication and survival of the parasite within human red blood cells., Results: We have employed an enzyme-coupled methylation assay to screen for potential inhibitors of PfPMT. In addition to hexadecyltrimethylammonium, previously known to inhibit PfPMT, two compounds dodecyltrimethylammonium and amodiaquine were also found to inhibit PfPMT activity in vitro. Interestingly, PfPMT activity was not inhibited by the amodiaquine analog, chloroquine, or other aminoquinolines, amino alcohols, or histamine methyltransferase inhibitors. Using yeast as a surrogate system we found that unlike wild-type cells, yeast mutants that rely on PfPMT for survival were sensitive to amodiaquine, and their phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis was inhibited by this compound. Furthermore NMR titration studies to characterize the interaction between amoidaquine and PfPMT demonstrated a specific and concentration dependent binding of the compound to the enzyme., Conclusion: The identification of amodiaquine as an inhibitor of PfPMT in vitro and in yeast, and the biophysical evidence for the specific interaction of the compound with the enzyme will set the stage for the development of analogs of this drug that specifically inhibit this enzyme and possibly other PMTs.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. The control of hookworm infection in China.
- Author
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Zheng Q, Chen Y, Zhang HB, Chen JX, and Zhou XN
- Abstract
Background: Hookworm is still one of the three main soil-transmitted helminths prevalent in China, and 39 million cases infected with hookworm were estimated in China in 2006., Results: The main approach to the control of hookworm infections in China consists of large-scale deworming, rebuilding sanitation systems in rural areas and health education. The availability of low-cost, safe and single-dose albendazole make large-scale deworming programs possible in China. Currently, sanitary latrines with three-cells are recommended by government for the control of soil-transmitted helminths, since 35% of helminth infections and 83% of worm eggs could be reduced after using this kind of sanitary latrine. In addition, economic prosperity contributes greatly to the reduction of hookworm prevalence, but the inequity of economic and social development among different regions of China provides a scenario that the worst threat of hookworm infection is located in the poorest areas of southern and central China. Therefore, it is necessary to put more investments into prophylaxis and treatment of hookworm in these poor regions., Conclusion: Although the prevalence of hookworm infection has fallen significantly in the last 15 years in China, the current strategy for controlling hookworm infections still needs to be strengthened along with the three-pronged approach, e.g. distributing anthelmintic drugs in schools and undertaking large-scale of hookworm deworming, improving water supplies and sanitation, and proper health education.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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