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Background: Avian hepatitis E virus (HEV) has caused economic losses in the poultry industry and has shown a broad spectrum of infections. In 2022, a quail farm (YangLing, China) exhibited a decrease in egg production, an increase in mortality and hepatosplenomegaly. These characteristics were similar to those of avian HEV infection. To determine whether avian HEV existed on this farm and further clarify the pathogenicity caused by avian HEV under experimental conditions, the livers and spleens were collected from the diseased quails in the field for gross lesion observation and avian HEV detection; then, the pathogenicity was characterized. Results: In the field, the results showed enlargement of the liver and spleen and hemorrhage spots on the liver, and the amplified fragment (330-bp length) of HEV shared 100% identity with the Chinese avian HEV strain. The pathogenicity of this virus in quail was characterized by decreased egg production, seroconversion, viremia, fecal virus shedding, liver lesions and HEV antigen in the liver under experimental conditions. These differences indicated that there may be other pathogens or factors causing this disease together on the quail farm in addition to avian HEV, and further detection should be performed. Conclusions: Overall, this is the first study to detect HEV RNA in quails, and an avian HEV strain can successfully infect quails under experimental conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the clinicopathologic features of primary fallopian tubal carcinoma (PFTC) and high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) and explore the prognostic factors of these two malignant tumors. Methods: Fifty-seven patients diagnosed with PFTC from 2006 to 2015 and 60 patients diagnosed with HGSOC from 2014 to 2015 with complete prognostic information were identified at Women's Hospital of Zhejiang University. The clinicopathological and surgical data were collected, and the survival of the patients was followed for 5 years after surgery. The Cox proportional risk model was used to analyze the impact on survival. Results: For PFTC patients, the mean age was 57 years (range, 35–77 years). The most common clinical manifestations were abnormal vaginal bleeding and/or discharge (61%). A total of 72% of the cases were found at the early stage, and 90% of the tumors were high grade (51 cases). 51% of patients were diagnosed with PFTC before surgery, while the rest were misdiagnosed. Twenty-one patients relapsed. The overall survival (OS) rate was 82%. OS was significantly related to FIGO stage, the preoperative serum CA 125 level, lymphadenectomy, residual tumor size, appendectomy, and the number of cycles of chemotherapy. However, only FIGO stage was an independent prognostic variable for OS. For patients with HGSOC, the OS rate was 67%. OS was significantly related to FIGO stage, residual tumor size, and laterality. However, only residual tumor size was an independent prognostic variable for OS. Conclusions: Our study provides important clinicopathologic insights into PFTC and HGSOC. We identified FIGO stage as an independent prognostic factor for PFTC patients and residual tumor size as an independent prognostic factor for HGSOC patients. These findings emphasize the critical role of accurate staging and achieving a residual tumor size of less than 1 cm during surgery. Our research contributes to refining clinical decision-making, supporting the importance of optimal surgical outcomes, and guiding personalized treatment strategies to improve patient prognosis in both PFTC and HGSOC patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]