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Attention has been paid in recent years to studies showing immune cell death mechanisms during the course of sepsis in response to proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators that are involved in its pathophysiology. Taurine (Tau) is an abundant amino acid in polymorphonuclear leucocytes that reacts with hypochlorous acid to form taurine chloramine (TauCl) under inflammatory conditions. In this context, we investigated potential interactions between lymphocytes and TauCl in rats submitted to cecal ligation and perforation (CLP), analyzing cell viability and cytokine secretion profile (TNFα, IFNγ, IL-6, IL-17A, IL-23 and IL-10).

In lethal polymicrobial sepsis, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) mediates a critical role in impeding the migration of neutrophils to infectious foci, thereby favoring increased bacteremia and ultimately leading to mortality. We have previously shown that the selective gastrin-releasing peptide receptor antagonist RC-3095 can reduce organ dysfunction in experimental sepsis. Thus the aim of the present study is to report a novel link between GRPR and TLR-4 signaling and its relationship with inflammatory parameters in in vitro and in vivo experimental models as well as in sepsis patients.