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The optical properties, including UV-vis spectra and resonance Raman profiles, of pristine and defected single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are computed using state-of-the-art time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) as implemented using the Liouville-Lanczos approach to linear-response TDDFT. The CNT defects were of the form of Stone-Wales and diatom-vacancies. Our results are in very good agreement with experimental results where defects were introduced into a part of defect-free CNTs. In particular, we show that the first and second pi-pi* excitation energies are barely shifted due to the defects and associated with a relatively small reduction in the maxima of the absorption bands. In contrast, the resonance Raman spectra show close to an order of magnitude reduction in intensities, offering a means to distinguish between pristine and defected SWCNTs even at low defect concentrations.

The optical properties, including UV-vis spectra and resonance Raman profiles, of pristine and defected single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are computed using state-of-the-art time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) as implemented using the Liouville-Lanczos approach to linear-response TDDFT. The CNT defects were of the form of Stone-Wales and diatom-vacancies. Our results are in very good agreement with experimental results where defects were introduced into a part of defect-free CNTs. In particular, we show that the first and second pi-pi* excitation energies are barely shifted due to the defects and associated with a relatively small reduction in the maxima of the absorption bands. In contrast, the resonance Raman spectra show close to an order of magnitude reduction in intensities, offering a means to distinguish between pristine and defected SWCNTs even at low defect concentrations.

The optical properties, including UV-vis spectra and resonance Raman profiles, of pristine and defected single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are computed using state-of-the-art time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) as implemented using the Liouville-Lanczos approach to linear-response TDDFT. The CNT defects were of the form of Stone-Wales and diatom-vacancies. Our results are in very good agreement with experimental results where defects were introduced into a part of defect-free CNTs. In particular, we show that the first and second pi-pi* excitation energies are barely shifted due to the defects and associated with a relatively small reduction in the maxima of the absorption bands. In contrast, the resonance Raman spectra show close to an order of magnitude reduction in intensities, offering a means to distinguish between pristine and defected SWCNTs even at low defect concentrations.

Using state-of-the-art time-dependent density functional theory and employing the complex polarization propagator theory, we compute the UV-vis absorption and resonance Raman (RR) spectra of pristine and H- and F-decorated single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). We find that H- and F-functionalization brightens a low energy exciton that couples the SWCNT local-defect chemistry to its extended pi network. Surprisingly, the energy of the strongly light absorbing pi-pi* excitation (S-11(S) ) and the Raman shift of the radial breathing mode (RBM) are not very sensitive to the presence of the defects, and to a lesser degree their type. In contrast, the RR intensities of the RBM resonance profile are reduced by two orders of magnitude upon functionalization due to changes in the dynamic polarizabilities. Additionally, the resonance profile shows sensitivity to the defect chemistry where the H-functionalized CNTs have a factor approximate to 4 larger intensities than F-functionalized CNTs in the near resonance region. Despite the differences in the nature of the local defects, our findings are in good agreement with recent experiments on individual SWCNTs with well controlled topological defects. The study shows that photoluminescence is not sensitive to low concentrations of defects, but RR spectroscopy provides a powerful ultra-sensitive tool to identify and categorize CNT defects.

Ultraviolet and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies in combination with density functional theory (DFT) calculations were used to study the change in the work function (Phi) of graphene, supported by quartz, as induced by adsorption of hexaazatriphenylene-hexacarbonitrile (HATCN). Near edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (NEXAFS) and DFT modeling show that a molecular-density-dependent reorientation of HATCN from a planar to a vertically inclined adsorption geometry occurs upon increasing surface coverage. This, in conjunction with the orientation-dependent magnitude of the interface dipole, allows one to explain the evolution of graphene (Phi) from 4.5 eV up to 5.7 eV, rendering the molecularly modified graphene-on-quartz a highly suitable hole injection electrode.

The optical properties, including UV-vis spectra and resonance Raman profiles, of pristine and defected single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are computed using state-of-the-art time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) as implemented using the Liouville-Lanczos approach to linear-response TDDFT. The CNT defects were of the form of Stone-Wales and diatom-vacancies. Our results are in very good agreement with experimental results where defects were introduced into a part of defect-free CNTs. In particular, we show that the first and second pi-pi* excitation energies are barely shifted due to the defects and associated with a relatively small reduction in the maxima of the absorption bands. In contrast, the resonance Raman spectra show close to an order of magnitude reduction in intensities, offering a means to distinguish between pristine and defected SWCNTs even at low defect concentrations.

The optical properties, including UV-vis spectra and resonance Raman profiles, of pristine and defected single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are computed using state-of-the-art time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) as implemented using the Liouville-Lanczos approach to linear-response TDDFT. The CNT defects were of the form of Stone-Wales and diatom-vacancies. Our results are in very good agreement with experimental results where defects were introduced into a part of defect-free CNTs. In particular, we show that the first and second pi-pi* excitation energies are barely shifted due to the defects and associated with a relatively small reduction in the maxima of the absorption bands. In contrast, the resonance Raman spectra show close to an order of magnitude reduction in intensities, offering a means to distinguish between pristine and defected SWCNTs even at low defect concentrations.

A recently implemented asymmetric Lanczos algorithm for computing (complex) linear response functions within the coupled cluster singles (CCS), coupled cluster singles and iterative approximate doubles (CC2), and coupled cluster singles and doubles (CCSD) is coupled to a Stieltjes imaging technique in order to describe the photoionization cross section of atoms and molecules, in the spirit of a similar procedure recently proposed by Averbukh and co-workers within the Algebraic Diagrammatic Construction approach. Pilot results are reported for the atoms He, Ne, and Ar and for the molecules H2, H2O, NH3, HF, CO, and CO2., Funding Agencies|Italian PRIN2009 funding scheme||FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF funding scheme|254326

We present the theory for retarded resonance interaction between two identical atoms at arbitrary positions near a metal surface. The dipole-dipole resonance interaction force that binds isotropically excited atom pairs together in free space may turn repulsive close to an ideal (totally reflecting) metal surface. On the other hand, close to an infinitely permeable surface it may turn more attractive. We illustrate numerically how the dipole-dipole resonance interaction between two oxygen atoms near a metal surface may provide a repulsive energy of the same order of magnitude as the ground-state binding energy of an oxygen molecule. As a complement we also present results from density-functional theory., Funding Agencies|VR|C048510170529001|STEM|34138-1

We present a reduced-space algorithm for solving the complex (damped) linear response equations required to compute the complex linear response function for the hierarchy of methods: coupled cluster singles, coupled cluster singles and iterative approximate doubles, and coupled cluster singles and doubles. The solver is the keystone element for the development of damped coupled cluster response methods for linear and nonlinear effects in resonant frequency regions.

The Ge 3p core excitation spectrum of the n-butylgermane molecule only reveals two peaks, whereas the rest of the fine structure is obscured due to the large lifetime broadenings of core-excited states. A two-dimensional presentation of resonant photoemission spectra allows us to observe some other resonances. The interpretation of experimental results is supported by ab initio calculations conducted at the four-component relativistic level of theory with full account made for spin-orbit interactions already in the zeroth-order Hamiltonian.

We report on the results of a systematic ab initio study of the Jones birefringence of noble gases, of furan homologues, and of monosubstituted benzenes, in the gas phase, with the aim of analyzing the behavior and the trends within a list of systems of varying size and complexity, and of identifying candidates for a combined experimental/theoretical study of the effect. We resort here to analytic linear and nonlinear response functions in the framework of time-dependent density functional theory. A correlation is made between the observable (the Jones constant) and the atomic radius for noble gases, or the permanent electric dipole and a structure/chemical reactivity descriptor as the para Hammett constant for substituted benzenes., Funding Agencies|EuroMagNET II, under EU|228043|Swedish Research Council|621-2010-5014|Italian Ministero dellIstruzione, Universita e Ricerca|2009C28YBF_001|National Supercomputer Centre (NSC), Sweden||Italian CINECA

A recently implemented asymmetric Lanczos algorithm for computing (complex) linear response functions within the coupled cluster singles (CCS), coupled cluster singles and iterative approximate doubles (CC2), and coupled cluster singles and doubles (CCSD) is coupled to a Stieltjes imaging technique in order to describe the photoionization cross section of atoms and molecules, in the spirit of a similar procedure recently proposed by Averbukh and co-workers within the Algebraic Diagrammatic Construction approach. Pilot results are reported for the atoms He, Ne, and Ar and for the molecules H2, H2O, NH3, HF, CO, and CO2., Funding Agencies|Italian PRIN2009 funding scheme||FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF funding scheme|254326

We present the theory for retarded resonance interaction between two identical atoms at arbitrary positions near a metal surface. The dipole-dipole resonance interaction force that binds isotropically excited atom pairs together in free space may turn repulsive close to an ideal (totally reflecting) metal surface. On the other hand, close to an infinitely permeable surface it may turn more attractive. We illustrate numerically how the dipole-dipole resonance interaction between two oxygen atoms near a metal surface may provide a repulsive energy of the same order of magnitude as the ground-state binding energy of an oxygen molecule. As a complement we also present results from density-functional theory., Funding Agencies|VR|C048510170529001|STEM|34138-1

The Ge 3p core excitation spectrum of the n-butylgermane molecule only reveals two peaks, whereas the rest of the fine structure is obscured due to the large lifetime broadenings of core-excited states. A two-dimensional presentation of resonant photoemission spectra allows us to observe some other resonances. The interpretation of experimental results is supported by ab initio calculations conducted at the four-component relativistic level of theory with full account made for spin-orbit interactions already in the zeroth-order Hamiltonian.

We present a reduced-space algorithm for solving the complex (damped) linear response equations required to compute the complex linear response function for the hierarchy of methods: coupled cluster singles, coupled cluster singles and iterative approximate doubles, and coupled cluster singles and doubles. The solver is the keystone element for the development of damped coupled cluster response methods for linear and nonlinear effects in resonant frequency regions.

We report on the results of a systematic ab initio study of the Jones birefringence of noble gases, of furan homologues, and of monosubstituted benzenes, in the gas phase, with the aim of analyzing the behavior and the trends within a list of systems of varying size and complexity, and of identifying candidates for a combined experimental/theoretical study of the effect. We resort here to analytic linear and nonlinear response functions in the framework of time-dependent density functional theory. A correlation is made between the observable (the Jones constant) and the atomic radius for noble gases, or the permanent electric dipole and a structure/chemical reactivity descriptor as the para Hammett constant for substituted benzenes., Funding Agencies|EuroMagNET II, under EU|228043|Swedish Research Council|621-2010-5014|Italian Ministero dellIstruzione, Universita e Ricerca|2009C28YBF_001|National Supercomputer Centre (NSC), Sweden||Italian CINECA

We present the theory for retarded resonance interaction between two identical atoms at arbitrary positions near a metal surface. The dipole-dipole resonance interaction force that binds isotropically excited atom pairs together in free space may turn repulsive close to an ideal (totally reflecting) metal surface. On the other hand, close to an infinitely permeable surface it may turn more attractive. We illustrate numerically how the dipole-dipole resonance interaction between two oxygen atoms near a metal surface may provide a repulsive energy of the same order of magnitude as the ground-state binding energy of an oxygen molecule. As a complement we also present results from density-functional theory., Funding Agencies|VR|C048510170529001|STEM|34138-1

A recently implemented asymmetric Lanczos algorithm for computing (complex) linear response functions within the coupled cluster singles (CCS), coupled cluster singles and iterative approximate doubles (CC2), and coupled cluster singles and doubles (CCSD) is coupled to a Stieltjes imaging technique in order to describe the photoionization cross section of atoms and molecules, in the spirit of a similar procedure recently proposed by Averbukh and co-workers within the Algebraic Diagrammatic Construction approach. Pilot results are reported for the atoms He, Ne, and Ar and for the molecules H2, H2O, NH3, HF, CO, and CO2., Funding Agencies|Italian PRIN2009 funding scheme||FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF funding scheme|254326

The Ge 3p core excitation spectrum of the n-butylgermane molecule only reveals two peaks, whereas the rest of the fine structure is obscured due to the large lifetime broadenings of core-excited states. A two-dimensional presentation of resonant photoemission spectra allows us to observe some other resonances. The interpretation of experimental results is supported by ab initio calculations conducted at the four-component relativistic level of theory with full account made for spin-orbit interactions already in the zeroth-order Hamiltonian.

We present a reduced-space algorithm for solving the complex (damped) linear response equations required to compute the complex linear response function for the hierarchy of methods: coupled cluster singles, coupled cluster singles and iterative approximate doubles, and coupled cluster singles and doubles. The solver is the keystone element for the development of damped coupled cluster response methods for linear and nonlinear effects in resonant frequency regions.

We report on the results of a systematic ab initio study of the Jones birefringence of noble gases, of furan homologues, and of monosubstituted benzenes, in the gas phase, with the aim of analyzing the behavior and the trends within a list of systems of varying size and complexity, and of identifying candidates for a combined experimental/theoretical study of the effect. We resort here to analytic linear and nonlinear response functions in the framework of time-dependent density functional theory. A correlation is made between the observable (the Jones constant) and the atomic radius for noble gases, or the permanent electric dipole and a structure/chemical reactivity descriptor as the para Hammett constant for substituted benzenes., Funding Agencies|EuroMagNET II, under EU|228043|Swedish Research Council|621-2010-5014|Italian Ministero dellIstruzione, Universita e Ricerca|2009C28YBF_001|National Supercomputer Centre (NSC), Sweden||Italian CINECA

We present frequency-dependent polarizabilities and C-6 dipole-dipole dispersion coefficients for a wide range of fullerene molecules including C-60, C-70, C-78, C-80, C-82, and C-84. The static and dynamic polarizabilities at imaginary frequencies are computed using time-dependent Hartree-Fock, B3LYP, and CAM-B3LYP ab initio methods by employing the complex linear polarization propagator and are subsequently utilized to determine the C-6 coefficients using the Casimir-Polder relation. Overall, the C60 and C70 average static polarizabilities alpha(0) agree to better than 2% with linear-response coupledcluster single double and experimental benchmark results, and the C-6 coefficient of C-60 agrees to better than 1% with the best accepted value. B3LYP provides the best agreement with benchmark results with deviations less than 0.1% in alpha(0) and C-6. We find that the static polarizabilities and the C-6 coefficients are non-additive, and scale, respectively, as N1.2 and N2.2 with the number of carbon atoms in the fullerene molecule. The exponent for C-6 power-dependence on N is much smaller than the value predicted recently based on a classical-metallic spherical-shell approximation of the fullerenes., Funding Agencies|Swedish Research Council|621-2010-5014|National Supercomputer Centre (NSC), Sweden

The magnetic circular dichroism spectrum of the C-60 fullerene has been determined with the use of Kohn-Sham density functional theory in conjunction with the CAM-B3LYP exchange-correlation functional. The experimental spectrum of Gasyna etal. [Chem. Phys. Lett. 183, 283 (1991)] covering the wavelength region above 200 nm is explained by the signal responses from the three lowest singlet states of T-1u symmetry., Funding Agencies|Swedish Research Council|621-2010-5014|Italian PRIN funding scheme (project: Theoretical and Computational Simulations of Quantum Molecular Processes)

We report on the results of a systematic ab initio study of the Jones birefringence of noble gases, of furan homologues, and of monosubstituted benzenes, in the gas phase, with the aim of analyzing the behavior and the trends within a list of systems of varying size and complexity, and of identifying candidates for a combined experimental/theoretical study of the effect. We resort here to analytic linear and nonlinear response functions in the framework of time-dependent density functional theory. A correlation is made between the observable (the Jones constant) and the atomic radius for noble gases, or the permanent electric dipole and a structure/chemical reactivity descriptor as the para Hammett constant for substituted benzenes., Funding Agencies|EuroMagNET II, under EU|228043|Swedish Research Council|621-2010-5014|Italian Ministero dellIstruzione, Universita e Ricerca|2009C28YBF_001|National Supercomputer Centre (NSC), Sweden||Italian CINECA

A recently implemented asymmetric Lanczos algorithm for computing (complex) linear response functions within the coupled cluster singles (CCS), coupled cluster singles and iterative approximate doubles (CC2), and coupled cluster singles and doubles (CCSD) is coupled to a Stieltjes imaging technique in order to describe the photoionization cross section of atoms and molecules, in the spirit of a similar procedure recently proposed by Averbukh and co-workers within the Algebraic Diagrammatic Construction approach. Pilot results are reported for the atoms He, Ne, and Ar and for the molecules H2, H2O, NH3, HF, CO, and CO2., Funding Agencies|Italian PRIN2009 funding scheme||FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF funding scheme|254326

We present the theory for retarded resonance interaction between two identical atoms at arbitrary positions near a metal surface. The dipole-dipole resonance interaction force that binds isotropically excited atom pairs together in free space may turn repulsive close to an ideal (totally reflecting) metal surface. On the other hand, close to an infinitely permeable surface it may turn more attractive. We illustrate numerically how the dipole-dipole resonance interaction between two oxygen atoms near a metal surface may provide a repulsive energy of the same order of magnitude as the ground-state binding energy of an oxygen molecule. As a complement we also present results from density-functional theory., Funding Agencies|VR|C048510170529001|STEM|34138-1

Near carbon K-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectra of a series of fluorine-substituted ethenes and acetone have been studied using coupled cluster and density functional theory (DFT) polarization propagator methods, as well as the static-exchange (STEX) approach. With the complex polarization propagator (CPP) implemented in coupled cluster theory, relaxation effects following the excitation of core electrons are accounted for in terms of electron correlation, enabling a systematic convergence of these effects with respect to electron excitations in the cluster operator. Coupled cluster results have been used as benchmarks for the assessment of propagator methods in DFT as well as the state-specific static-exchange approach. Calculations on ethene and 1,1-difluoroethene illustrate the possibility of using nonrelativistic coupled cluster singles and doubles (CCSD) with additional effects of electron correlation and relativity added as scalar shifts in energetics. It has been demonstrated that CPP spectra obtained with coupled cluster singles and approximate doubles (CC2), CCSD, and DFT (with a Coulomb attenuated exchange-correlation functional) yield excellent predictions of chemical shifts for vinylfluoride, 1,1-difluoroethene, trifluoroethene, as well as good spectral features for acetone in the case of CCSD and DFT. Following this, CPP-DFT is considered to be a viable option for the calculation of X-ray absorption spectra of larger pi-conjugated systems, and CC2 is deemed applicable for chemical shifts but not for studies of fine structure features. The CCSD method as well as the more approximate CC2 method are shown to yield spectral features relating to pi*-resonances in good agreement with experiment, not only for the aforementioned molecules but also for ethene, cis-1,2-difluoroethene, and tetrafluoroethene. The STEX approach is shown to underestimate pi*-peak separations due to spectral compressions, a characteristic which is inherent to this method., Funding Agencies|Swedish Research Council|621-2010-5014|EU|254326|Supercomputer Centre (NSC), Sweden

A complete understanding of the physics underlying the varied colors of firefly bioluminescence remains elusive because it is difficult to disentangle different enzyme-lumophore interactions. Experiments on isolated ions are useful to establish a proper reference when there are no microenvironmental perturbations. Here, we use action spectroscopy to compare the absorption by the firefly oxyluciferin lumophore isolated in vacuo and complexed with a single water molecule. While the process relevant to bioluminescence within the luciferase cavity is light emission, the absorption data presented here provide a unique insight into how the electronic states of oxyluciferin are altered by microenvironmental perturbations. For the bare ion we observe broad absorption with a maximum at 548 +/- 10 nm, and addition of a water molecule is found to blue-shift the absorption by approximately 50 nm (0.23 eV). Test calculations at various levels of theory uniformly predict a blue-shift in absorption caused by a single water molecule, but are only qualitatively in agreement with experiment highlighting limitations in what can be expected from methods commonly used in studies on oxyluciferin. Combined molecular dynamics simulations and time-dependent density functional theory calculations closely reproduce the broad experimental peaks and also indicate that the preferred binding site for the water molecule is the phenolate oxygen of the anion. Predicting the effects of microenvironmental interactions on the electronic structure of the oxyluciferin anion with high accuracy is a nontrivial task for theory, and our experimental results therefore serve as important benchmarks for future calculations., Funding Agencies|Lundbeckfonden||Human Frontier Science Project|RGY0081/2011|Kyoto Universitys Hakubi Project||Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology|PTDC/FIS/103587/2008|Swedish Research Council|621-2010-5014|SERC (Swedish e-Science Research Center)

Theoretical analysis using quadratic response theory within the time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) formalism shows that the dermacozines, a group of phenazine-based compounds isolated from cultures of Dermacoccus abyssi found in the Mariana Trench, possess large first hyperpolarisability (beta) values at common incident laser wavelengths that are highly sensitive to the degree and type of substitution of the core structure. The phenazine moiety is a versatile and tunable chromophore for non-linear optics and this work serves to highlight the potential that (marine) natural products, even those found in the darkest places on the planet, may have for aiding developments in optical materials design., Funding Agencies|Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology|PTDC/FIS/103587/2008|Swedish Research Council|621-2010-5014

We present a reduced-space algorithm for solving the complex (damped) linear response equations required to compute the complex linear response function for the hierarchy of methods: coupled cluster singles, coupled cluster singles and iterative approximate doubles, and coupled cluster singles and doubles. The solver is the keystone element for the development of damped coupled cluster response methods for linear and nonlinear effects in resonant frequency regions.

The Ge 3p core excitation spectrum of the n-butylgermane molecule only reveals two peaks, whereas the rest of the fine structure is obscured due to the large lifetime broadenings of core-excited states. A two-dimensional presentation of resonant photoemission spectra allows us to observe some other resonances. The interpretation of experimental results is supported by ab initio calculations conducted at the four-component relativistic level of theory with full account made for spin-orbit interactions already in the zeroth-order Hamiltonian.

A recently implemented asymmetric Lanczos algorithm for computing (complex) linear response functions within the coupled cluster singles (CCS), coupled cluster singles and iterative approximate doubles (CC2), and coupled cluster singles and doubles (CCSD) is coupled to a Stieltjes imaging technique in order to describe the photoionization cross section of atoms and molecules, in the spirit of a similar procedure recently proposed by Averbukh and co-workers within the Algebraic Diagrammatic Construction approach. Pilot results are reported for the atoms He, Ne, and Ar and for the molecules H2, H2O, NH3, HF, CO, and CO2., Funding Agencies|Italian PRIN2009 funding scheme||FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF funding scheme|254326

We present the theory for retarded resonance interaction between two identical atoms at arbitrary positions near a metal surface. The dipole-dipole resonance interaction force that binds isotropically excited atom pairs together in free space may turn repulsive close to an ideal (totally reflecting) metal surface. On the other hand, close to an infinitely permeable surface it may turn more attractive. We illustrate numerically how the dipole-dipole resonance interaction between two oxygen atoms near a metal surface may provide a repulsive energy of the same order of magnitude as the ground-state binding energy of an oxygen molecule. As a complement we also present results from density-functional theory., Funding Agencies|VR|C048510170529001|STEM|34138-1

We report on the results of a systematic ab initio study of the Jones birefringence of noble gases, of furan homologues, and of monosubstituted benzenes, in the gas phase, with the aim of analyzing the behavior and the trends within a list of systems of varying size and complexity, and of identifying candidates for a combined experimental/theoretical study of the effect. We resort here to analytic linear and nonlinear response functions in the framework of time-dependent density functional theory. A correlation is made between the observable (the Jones constant) and the atomic radius for noble gases, or the permanent electric dipole and a structure/chemical reactivity descriptor as the para Hammett constant for substituted benzenes., Funding Agencies|EuroMagNET II, under EU|228043|Swedish Research Council|621-2010-5014|Italian Ministero dellIstruzione, Universita e Ricerca|2009C28YBF_001|National Supercomputer Centre (NSC), Sweden||Italian CINECA

We present a reduced-space algorithm for solving the complex (damped) linear response equations required to compute the complex linear response function for the hierarchy of methods: coupled cluster singles, coupled cluster singles and iterative approximate doubles, and coupled cluster singles and doubles. The solver is the keystone element for the development of damped coupled cluster response methods for linear and nonlinear effects in resonant frequency regions.

The Ge 3p core excitation spectrum of the n-butylgermane molecule only reveals two peaks, whereas the rest of the fine structure is obscured due to the large lifetime broadenings of core-excited states. A two-dimensional presentation of resonant photoemission spectra allows us to observe some other resonances. The interpretation of experimental results is supported by ab initio calculations conducted at the four-component relativistic level of theory with full account made for spin-orbit interactions already in the zeroth-order Hamiltonian.

Based on an asymmetric Lanczos-chain subspace algorithm, damped coupled cluster linear response functions have been implemented for the hierarchy of coupled cluster (CC) models including CC with single excitations (CCS), CC2, CC with single and double excitations (CCSD), and CCSD with noniterative triple corrected excitation energies CCSDR(3). This work is a first step toward the extension of these theoretical electronic structure methods of well-established high accuracy in UV-vis absorption spectroscopies to applications concerned with x-ray radiation. From the imaginary part of the linear response function, the near K-edge x-ray absorption spectra of neon, water, and carbon monoxide are determined and compared with experiment. Results at the CCSD level show relative peak intensities in good agreement with experiment with discrepancies in transition energies due to incomplete treatment of electronic relaxation and correlation that amount to 1-2 eV. With inclusion of triple excitations, errors in energetics are less than 0.9 eV and thereby capturing 90%, 95%, and 98% of the relaxation-correlation energies for C, O, and Ne, respectively., Funding Agencies|EU|254326|Swedish Research Council|621-2010-5014|National Supercomputer Centre (NSC), Sweden

Based on an asymmetric Lanczos-chain subspace algorithm, damped coupled cluster linear response functions have been implemented for the hierarchy of coupled cluster (CC) models including CC with single excitations (CCS), CC2, CC with single and double excitations (CCSD), and CCSD with noniterative triple corrected excitation energies CCSDR(3). This work is a first step toward the extension of these theoretical electronic structure methods of well-established high accuracy in UV-vis absorption spectroscopies to applications concerned with x-ray radiation. From the imaginary part of the linear response function, the near K-edge x-ray absorption spectra of neon, water, and carbon monoxide are determined and compared with experiment. Results at the CCSD level show relative peak intensities in good agreement with experiment with discrepancies in transition energies due to incomplete treatment of electronic relaxation and correlation that amount to 1-2 eV. With inclusion of triple excitations, errors in energetics are less than 0.9 eV and thereby capturing 90%, 95%, and 98% of the relaxation-correlation energies for C, O, and Ne, respectively., Funding Agencies|EU|254326|Swedish Research Council|621-2010-5014|National Supercomputer Centre (NSC), Sweden

Based on an asymmetric Lanczos-chain subspace algorithm, damped coupled cluster linear response functions have been implemented for the hierarchy of coupled cluster (CC) models including CC with single excitations (CCS), CC2, CC with single and double excitations (CCSD), and CCSD with noniterative triple corrected excitation energies CCSDR(3). This work is a first step toward the extension of these theoretical electronic structure methods of well-established high accuracy in UV-vis absorption spectroscopies to applications concerned with x-ray radiation. From the imaginary part of the linear response function, the near K-edge x-ray absorption spectra of neon, water, and carbon monoxide are determined and compared with experiment. Results at the CCSD level show relative peak intensities in good agreement with experiment with discrepancies in transition energies due to incomplete treatment of electronic relaxation and correlation that amount to 1-2 eV. With inclusion of triple excitations, errors in energetics are less than 0.9 eV and thereby capturing 90%, 95%, and 98% of the relaxation-correlation energies for C, O, and Ne, respectively., Funding Agencies|EU|254326|Swedish Research Council|621-2010-5014|National Supercomputer Centre (NSC), Sweden

Based on an asymmetric Lanczos-chain subspace algorithm, damped coupled cluster linear response functions have been implemented for the hierarchy of coupled cluster (CC) models including CC with single excitations (CCS), CC2, CC with single and double excitations (CCSD), and CCSD with noniterative triple corrected excitation energies CCSDR(3). This work is a first step toward the extension of these theoretical electronic structure methods of well-established high accuracy in UV-vis absorption spectroscopies to applications concerned with x-ray radiation. From the imaginary part of the linear response function, the near K-edge x-ray absorption spectra of neon, water, and carbon monoxide are determined and compared with experiment. Results at the CCSD level show relative peak intensities in good agreement with experiment with discrepancies in transition energies due to incomplete treatment of electronic relaxation and correlation that amount to 1-2 eV. With inclusion of triple excitations, errors in energetics are less than 0.9 eV and thereby capturing 90%, 95%, and 98% of the relaxation-correlation energies for C, O, and Ne, respectively., Funding Agencies|EU|254326|Swedish Research Council|621-2010-5014|National Supercomputer Centre (NSC), Sweden

We present an implementation of the damped coupled-cluster linear response function based on an asymmetric Lanczos chain algorithm for the hierarchy of coupled-cluster approximations CCS (coupled-cluster singles), CC2 (coupled. cluster singles and approximate doubles), and CCSD (coupled-cluster singles and doubles). Triple corrections to the excitation energies can be included via the CCSDR(3) (coupled-cluster singles and doubles with noniterative-triples-corrected excitation energies) approximation. The performance and some of the potentialities of the approach are investigated in calculations of the visible/ultraviolet absorption spectrum and the dispersion of the real polarizability in near-resonant regions of pyrimidine, the near-edge absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) of ammonia, and the direct determination of the C-6 dipole-dipole dispersion coefficient of the benzene dimer., Funding Agencies|FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF|254326|Swedish Research Council|621-2010-S014|National Supercomputer Centre (NSC), Sweden

Based on an asymmetric Lanczos-chain subspace algorithm, damped coupled cluster linear response functions have been implemented for the hierarchy of coupled cluster (CC) models including CC with single excitations (CCS), CC2, CC with single and double excitations (CCSD), and CCSD with noniterative triple corrected excitation energies CCSDR(3). This work is a first step toward the extension of these theoretical electronic structure methods of well-established high accuracy in UV-vis absorption spectroscopies to applications concerned with x-ray radiation. From the imaginary part of the linear response function, the near K-edge x-ray absorption spectra of neon, water, and carbon monoxide are determined and compared with experiment. Results at the CCSD level show relative peak intensities in good agreement with experiment with discrepancies in transition energies due to incomplete treatment of electronic relaxation and correlation that amount to 1-2 eV. With inclusion of triple excitations, errors in energetics are less than 0.9 eV and thereby capturing 90%, 95%, and 98% of the relaxation-correlation energies for C, O, and Ne, respectively., Funding Agencies|EU|254326|Swedish Research Council|621-2010-5014|National Supercomputer Centre (NSC), Sweden

A theoretical characterization of the phosphorescence decay traces of a prototypical platinum (II) organic chromophore has been conducted. The phosphorescence wavelength and radiative lifetime are predicted to equal 544 nm and 160 mu s, respectively. The third triplet state is assigned as participator in the inter-system crossing and is predicted to have a phosphorescence decay rate 12 times larger than that of the lowest triplet state. This result offers an explanation for the experimentally observed double exponential decay. The self-consistent field (SCF) optimization of the electron density was accomplished only after introducing algorithmic improvements, now incorporated in the DIRAC program., Funding Agencies|Swedish Research Council|621-2010-5014

Geometries, UV absorption bands, and resonance Raman (RR) cross sections of TNT and RDX are investigated using density functional theory (DFT) in conjunction with the Coulomb attenuated B3LYP exchange-correlation functional. The absorption and RR spectra are determined with use of vibronic (VB) theory, excited-state gradient, and complex polarizability (CPP) approximations. We examined lowenergy isomers (two for TNT and four for RDX) whose energies differ by less than 1 kcal/mol, such that they would appreciably be populated at room temperature. The two TNT isomers differ by an internal rotation of the methyl group, while the four conformers of RDX differ by the arrangements of the nitro group relative to the ring. Our theoretical optical properties of the TNT and RDX isomers are in excellent agreement with experimental and recent CCSD-EOM results, respectively. For the two TNT isomers, the ultraviolet RR (UVRR) spectra are similar and in good agreement with recently measured experimental results. Additionally, the UVRR spectra computed using the excited-state and CPP approaches compare favorably with the VB theory results. On the other hand, the RR spectra of the RDX conformers differ from one another, reflecting the importance of the positioning of the NO2 groups with respect to the ring. In the gas phase or in solution, RDX would give a spectrum associated with a conformationally averaged structure. It is encouraging that the computed spectra of the conformers show similarities to recent measured RDX spectra in acetonitrile solution, and reproduce the 10-fold decrease in the absolute Raman cross sections of RDX compared to TNT for the observed 229 nm excitation. We show that in TNT and RDX vibrational bands that couple to NO2 or the ring are particularly resonance enhanced. Finally, the computed RDX spectra of the conformers present a benchmark for understanding the RR spectra of the solid-phase polymorphs of RDX., Funding Agencies|Swedish Research Council|621-2010-5014

We present C-6 homo- and heteroatomic dispersion coefficients for all closed-shell atoms of the periodic table based on dipole-dipole polarizabilities at imaginary frequencies calculated using our recent extension of the complex polarization propagator approach to the four-component relativistic Kohn-Sham approach. Lack of proper reference data bars definite conclusions as to which density functional shows the overall best performance, and we therefore call for state-of-the-art wave function-based correlated calculations of dispersion coefficients. Scalar relativistic effects are significant already for elements as light as zinc, whereas spin-orbit effects must be taken into account only for very heavy elements., Funding Agencies|Ministere de lEnseignement Superieur et de la Recherche (France)||Swedish Research Council|621-2010-5014

We have performed relativistic calculations of single and double core 1s hole states of the noble gas atoms in order to explore the relativistic corrections and their additivity to the ionization potentials. Our study unravels the interplay of progression of relaxation, dominating in the single and double ionization potentials of the light elements, versus relativistic one-electron effects and quantum electrodynamic effects, which dominate toward the heavy end. The degree of direct relative additivity of the relativistic corrections for the single electron ionization potentials to the double electron ionization potentials is found to gradually improve toward the heavy elements. The Dirac-Coulomb Hamiltonian is found to predict a scaling ratio of similar to 4 for the relaxation induced relativistic energies between double and single ionization. Z-scaling of the computed quantities were obtained by fitting to power law. The effects of nuclear size and form were also investigated and found to be small. The results indicate that accurate predictions of double core hole ionization potentials can now be made for elements across the full periodic table., Funding Agencies|Finnish National Graduate School in materials Physics and Magnus Ehrnrooths foundation

We have performed relativistic calculations of single and double core 1s hole states of the noble gas atoms in order to explore the relativistic corrections and their additivity to the ionization potentials. Our study unravels the interplay of progression of relaxation, dominating in the single and double ionization potentials of the light elements, versus relativistic one-electron effects and quantum electrodynamic effects, which dominate toward the heavy end. The degree of direct relative additivity of the relativistic corrections for the single electron ionization potentials to the double electron ionization potentials is found to gradually improve toward the heavy elements. The Dirac-Coulomb Hamiltonian is found to predict a scaling ratio of similar to 4 for the relaxation induced relativistic energies between double and single ionization. Z-scaling of the computed quantities were obtained by fitting to power law. The effects of nuclear size and form were also investigated and found to be small. The results indicate that accurate predictions of double core hole ionization potentials can now be made for elements across the full periodic table., Funding Agencies|Finnish National Graduate School in materials Physics and Magnus Ehrnrooths foundation

We have performed relativistic calculations of single and double core 1s hole states of the noble gas atoms in order to explore the relativistic corrections and their additivity to the ionization potentials. Our study unravels the interplay of progression of relaxation, dominating in the single and double ionization potentials of the light elements, versus relativistic one-electron effects and quantum electrodynamic effects, which dominate toward the heavy end. The degree of direct relative additivity of the relativistic corrections for the single electron ionization potentials to the double electron ionization potentials is found to gradually improve toward the heavy elements. The Dirac-Coulomb Hamiltonian is found to predict a scaling ratio of similar to 4 for the relaxation induced relativistic energies between double and single ionization. Z-scaling of the computed quantities were obtained by fitting to power law. The effects of nuclear size and form were also investigated and found to be small. The results indicate that accurate predictions of double core hole ionization potentials can now be made for elements across the full periodic table., Funding Agencies|Finnish National Graduate School in materials Physics and Magnus Ehrnrooths foundation

CHARMM force field parameter values for a class of oligothiophene derivatives have been derived with reference to density functional theory/B3LYP potential energy surfaces. The force field parametrization of these luminescent conjugated polyelectrolytes includes the electronic ground state as well as the strongly light absorbing first excited state. In conjunction with quantum chemical response theory calculations of transition state properties, a molecular dynamical model of the Stokes shift is obtained. The theoretical model is benchmarked against experimental data recorded at room temperature which refer to sodium salts of p-HTAA and p-FTAA with distilled water as a solvent. For p-HTAA the theoretically predicted Stokes shift of 112 nm is in good agreement with the experimental result of 124 nm, given the approximations about exciton localization that were introduced to obtain a force field for the excited state., Funding Agencies|Swedish Research Council|621-2010-5014|National Supercomputer Centre (NSC), Sweden||Swedish e-Science Research Center