1. Prevalence of Non-coronary Heart Disease in Patients with Familial Hypercholesterolemia: An Analysis from the HELLAS-FH
- Author
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D. Agapakis, Genovefa Kolovou, Chrysoula Boutari, Vasileios Kotsis, Konstantinos Tziomalos, Christina Antza, Ioannis Skoumas, Panagiotis Anagnostis, Michalis Doumas, George Liamis, Emmanuel I. Skalidis, Charalambos Koumaras, Christos V. Rizos, Iosif Koutagiar, E. Bilianou, Loukianos S. Rallidis, Evangelos Liberopoulos, G. Sfikas, and Evangelos A. Zacharis
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Population ,Coronary Disease ,Familial hypercholesterolemia ,Carotid Intima-Media Thickness ,Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II ,Risk Factors ,Interquartile range ,Carotid artery disease ,medicine.artery ,Internal medicine ,Drug Discovery ,Prevalence ,medicine ,Humans ,Common carotid artery ,education ,Aged ,Pharmacology ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Intima-media thickness ,Aortic valve stenosis ,Cardiology ,business ,Kidney disease - Abstract
Aims: Despite the established link between familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), its association with other common atherosclerotic and metabolic diseases has not been extensively studied. The aim of this study was to report the prevalence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) [i.e., common carotid artery disease (CCAD) and lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD)], aortic valve stenosis, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with FH. Materials & Methods: This was a cross-sectional study retrieving data from the Hellenic Familial Hypercholesterolemia Registry (HELLAS-FH). Results: A total of 1,633 adult patients (850 males) with heterozygous FH (HeFH) were included (mean age 51.3±14.6 years at registration and 44.3±15.9 years at diagnosis). Any common carotid artery stenosis (CCAS) was diagnosed in 124 out of 569 patients with available related data (21.8%), while the prevalence of CCAD (defined as a CCAS ≥50%) was 4.2%. The median (interquartile range - IQR) CCAS was 30% (20-40), whereas the median (IQR) carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) was 0.7 (0.1-1.4) mm. LEAD was reported in 44 patients (prevalence 2.7%). The prevalence of aortic valve stenosis and CKD was 2.0% and 6.4%, respectively. NAFLD was present in 24% of study participants. Conclusions: HeFH is associated with a relatively high prevalence of any CCAS and CCAD. The prevalence of LEAD, CKD and aortic valve stenosis was relatively low, whereas the prevalence of NAFLD was similar to that of the general population.
- Published
- 2021