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Background: Impaired anastomotic healing is one of the major complications resulting from radical resection in colorectal cancer (CRC). Accumulating evidence suggests that intestinal microbiota is correlated with anastomotic healing., Aim: To explore the microbiota structural shift in margin-surrounding mucosa and evaluate the predictive ability of selected bacterial taxa for impaired anastomotic healing., Methods: Margin-surrounding mucosa samples derived from 37 patients were collected to characterize the microbial community structure by 16s rRNA gene sequencing. The patients were divided into two groups according to the healing status of anastomoses: well-healing group ( n = 30) and impaired-healing group ( n = 7). Statistic differences in bacteria taxa were compared by Wilcoxon test and chi-squared test. The predictive ability of the selected bacterial taxa for the healing status of anastomoses was evaluated by the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve., Results: Community structure shifts were observed in the impaired-healing group and well-healing group. Six bacterial species were found to be significantly correlated with anastomotic healing, and among these species, Alistipes shahii , Dialister pneumosintes , and Corynebacterium suicordis were considered as the predictive factors. Taking the known risk factor age into consideration, Alistipes shahii , Dialister pneumosintes , and Corynebacterium suicordis improved predictive ability for the healing status of anastomoses., Conclusion: These data show that Alistipes shahii , Dialister pneumosintes , and Corynebacterium suicordis could be considered as supplementary factors in the prediction of anastomosis healing status in patients after CRC radical resection., Competing Interests: Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.