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The word diaphragm originates from diáphragma, which means chamber in ancient Greek. It anatomically divides the cholemic space, which appears in embryological life, in two: the thorax and abdomen, the largest cavities in the human body. The innervation of the diaphragm arises from the ventral roots of C3-C4-C5. A defect, delay or pathology in one of the embryological development stages causes congenital diaphragm disorders. The diaphragm is a dome-shaped structure which splits in two as the left and right hemidiaphragm. Right hemidiaphragm is sited higher than the left hemidiaphragm. The peripheral part of diaphragm is composed of muscle fibers, whereas the middle part or central tendon consists of non-contractile aponeurosis. The diaphragm is the most important respiratory muscle and is alone responsible for 65-80% of vital capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]