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The available information about the mechanisms of the interaction of pesticides having different chemical structures with the lipid bilayer in cell membranes is presented. It is shown that, depending on the degree of lipophilicity, the molecular dipole moment, and certain other characteristics of the pesticide compound, its interaction with the lipid bilayer generally takes place via one of the three main mechanisms involving the incorporation of the pesticide molecules in the hydrocarbon region within the bilayer, the adsorption of these molecules in the zone of the polar membrane phospholipids, or the incorporation of the amphiphilic pesticide compounds in both the non-polar and polar regions of the membrane. The bibliography includes 109 references.