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Ectrodactyly is an exceptional congenital disorder which is seen at the distal part of the limbs and characterized with longitudinal bony and soft tissue clefts. These clefts can include digits, metacarpal bones, carpal joint or radius-ulna. A male, 18 week-old, Turkish Kangal dog was presented with the right forelimb lameness and inspectional abnormality with a long and wide cleft starting from the distal manus to the carpo-metacarpal joint. The long cleft between metacarpal bones was fixed with two lag screws after filling the gap with corticocancellous bone block and fusion podoplasty. Short term clinical results were favourable following the surgery, but long term clinical outcome was less favourable because the dog revealed mild lameness due to the erosion of skin surrounding the digital pads. Finally, this problem was solved by using pad protectors when walking on rough grounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to investigate behavioral developments and breed specific characteristics of Kangal puppies. To this aim, Kangal puppies (23 male, 17 female) were weekly exposed to the repeated open field test (OFT) and barrier test between 3 to 8 weeks after birth. It was detected that 3 weeks old Kangal puppies were able to display explorative behaviors. True thigmotactic behaviors and unsteady walking were only observed when the puppies were 3-weeks-old. When the puppies were 4 weeks old, time spent for standing and walking increased (p?0.05) and running behavior was first displayed. Sum of durations of passive behaviors increased in general (p?0.05) and durations of escape behaviors decreased in the 2nd part of the OFT (p?0.05) in 5-weeks-old puppies. Five weeks old Kangal puppies also started to show success in the barrier test. Common body postures of the puppies were recorded as self confident and attendant along test weeks. These findings suggest that Kangal puppies achieved fine motor abilities such as steady walking and running at 4 weeks of age. Five weeks of age, on the other hand, seemed to be important for development of emotional memory, habituation and problem solving in Kangal puppies. Considering activity levels and body postures of the puppies in repeated OFT exposures, Kangal puppies might be classified as bold puppies according to "Shyness-Boldness" axis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was aimed at determining the morphological and genetic traits of Malaklı Karabash dogs in Turkey. Body weight, head and body measurements were taken from eighteen months of age and older, of total 277 dogs (77 female and 200 male). The statistically values (X±SE) on sex groups (female and male, respectively) for body weight (kg), and for head meaures enclosed head length, face length, ear length, ear width, ears interval, eyes interval, muzzle circumference measures (cm) were detected 53.20±1.01, 62.29±0.68; 30.92±0.24, 32.98±0.18; 11.80±0.15, 12.55±0.09; 16.73±0.26, 17.67±0.17; 13.96±0.26, 14.78±0.18; 17.95±0.35, 18.77±0.19; 5.63±0.12, 5.99±0.10; 29.67±0.28, 32.17±0.22 respectively. The statistic values (X±SE) for Malaklı female and male dogs for body measurements enclosed height at withers, rump height, body length, chest width, chest depth, heart girth, front and hind cannon bone circumference, tail length measures (cm) were found 72.98±0.49, 78.36±0.31; 72.87±0.53, 78.65±0.34; 79.02±0.62, 82.68±0.60; 24.76±0.35, 26.68±0.20; 30.86±0.26, 33.73±0.44; 84.47±0.71, 89.89±0.76; 14.71±0.12, 15.76±0.08; 13.90±0.16, 14.76±0.08; 51.36±0.83, 54.76±0.45, respectively. For genetic analysis a blood samples were taken from 212 non-relative dogs from a total 277 dogs used in this study. The results of the analysis for FIS, FIT, FST values, heterozygosity (He) and Tajima Neutrality Test were found to be 0.0184, 0.0209, 0.0025; 0.797 and 1.808, respectively. A020 (18.9%) and B001 (35.2%) haplotypes in Malaklı Karabash population were found to be the highest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]