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Hausenblas and Downs (39) published an important review about exercise dependence. More than 15 yrs later, our study aims to conduct an updated systematic review of the research examining exercise dependence. The updated systematic review included searching the ERIC, Medline/PubMed, Scopus, and Sportdiscus databases using the following key words: exercise dependence, negative addiction, exercise addiction, compulsive exercise, obligatory exercise, and exercise commitment from which 136 English language articles published between 2000 to 2019 met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed regarding exercise dependence in nonclinical populations. The Exercise Dependence Scale (39) was the most frequently used self-report questionnaire. Exercise dependence symptoms differed greatly among the samples investigated and the use of various instruments made the comparisons among the studies very difficult. Consistent with the seminal systematic review by Hausenblas and Downs, the exercise dependence literature remains inconsistent. Hence, the findings highlight the need for a consensus regarding the measurement, criteria, and terminology for exercise dependence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]