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Your search keyword '"O'BRIEN, STEPHEN J."' showing total 22 results
Start Over Author "O'BRIEN, STEPHEN J." Publisher american society for microbiology
22 results on '"O'BRIEN, STEPHEN J."'

1. Guidelines for Naming Nonprimate APOBEC3 Genes and Proteins

Author

LaRue, Rebecca S., primary, Andrésdóttir, Valgerdur, additional, Blanchard, Yannick, additional, Conticello, Silvestro G., additional, Derse, David, additional, Emerman, Michael, additional, Greene, Warner C., additional, Jónsson, Stefán R., additional, Landau, Nathaniel R., additional, Löchelt, Martin, additional, Malik, Harmit S., additional, Malim, Michael H., additional, Münk, Carsten, additional, O'Brien, Stephen J., additional, Pathak, Vinay K., additional, Strebel, Klaus, additional, Wain-Hobson, Simon, additional, Yu, Xiao-Fang, additional, Yuhki, Naoya, additional, and Harris, Reuben S., additional

Published
2009
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2. Genetic Protection against Hepatitis B Virus Conferred byCCR5Δ32: Evidence that CCR5 Contributes to Viral Persistence

Author

Thio, Chloe L., primary, Astemborski, Jacquie, additional, Bashirova, Arman, additional, Mosbruger, Timothy, additional, Greer, Spencer, additional, Witt, Mallory D., additional, Goedert, James J., additional, Hilgartner, Margaret, additional, Majeske, Audrey, additional, O'Brien, Stephen J., additional, Thomas, David L., additional, and Carrington, Mary, additional

Published
2007
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3. Consistent Effects of TSG101 Genetic Variability on Multiple Outcomes of Exposure to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1

Author

Bashirova, Arman A., primary, Bleiber, Gabriela, additional, Qi, Ying, additional, Hutcheson, Holli, additional, Yamashita, Traci, additional, Johnson, Randall C., additional, Cheng, Jie, additional, Alter, Galit, additional, Goedert, James J., additional, Buchbinder, Susan, additional, Hoots, Keith, additional, Vlahov, David, additional, May, Margaret, additional, Maldarelli, Frank, additional, Jacobson, Lisa, additional, O'Brien, Stephen J., additional, Telenti, Amalio, additional, and Carrington, Mary, additional

Published
2006
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4. Seroprevalence and Genomic Divergence of Circulating Strains of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus among Felidae and Hyaenidae Species

Author

Troyer, Jennifer L., primary, Pecon-Slattery, Jill, additional, Roelke, Melody E., additional, Johnson, Warren, additional, VandeWoude, Sue, additional, Vazquez-Salat, Nuria, additional, Brown, Meredith, additional, Frank, Laurence, additional, Woodroffe, Rosie, additional, Winterbach, Christiaan, additional, Winterbach, Hanlie, additional, Hemson, Graham, additional, Bush, Mitch, additional, Alexander, Kathleen A., additional, Revilla, Eloy, additional, and O'Brien, Stephen J., additional

Published
2005
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7. Association of DC-SIGN Promoter Polymorphism with Increased Risk for Parenteral, but Not Mucosal, Acquisition of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection

Author

Martin, Maureen P., primary, Lederman, Michael M., additional, Hutcheson, Holli B., additional, Goedert, James J., additional, Nelson, George W., additional, van Kooyk, Yvette, additional, Detels, Roger, additional, Buchbinder, Susan, additional, Hoots, Keith, additional, Vlahov, David, additional, O'Brien, Stephen J., additional, and Carrington, Mary, additional

Published
2004
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9. APOBEC3G Genetic Variants and Their Influence on the Progression to AIDS

Author

An, Ping, primary, Bleiber, Gabriela, additional, Duggal, Priya, additional, Nelson, George, additional, May, Margaret, additional, Mangeat, Bastien, additional, Alobwede, Irene, additional, Trono, Didier, additional, Vlahov, David, additional, Donfield, Sharyne, additional, Goedert, James J., additional, Phair, John, additional, Buchbinder, Susan, additional, O'Brien, Stephen J., additional, Telenti, Amalio, additional, and Winkler, Cheryl A., additional

Published
2004
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12. Comprehensive Analysis of Class I and Class II HLA Antigens and Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection

Author

Thio, Chloe L., primary, Thomas, David L., additional, Karacki, Peter, additional, Gao, Xiaojiang, additional, Marti, Darlene, additional, Kaslow, Richard A., additional, Goedert, James J., additional, Hilgartner, Margaret, additional, Strathdee, Steffanie A., additional, Duggal, Priya, additional, O'Brien, Stephen J., additional, Astemborski, Jacquie, additional, and Carrington, Mary, additional

Published
2003
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13. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1)-Specific CD8 + -T-Cell Responses for Groups of HIV-1-Infected Individuals with Different HLA-B*35 Genotypes

Author

Jin, Xia, primary, Gao, Xiaojiang, additional, Ramanathan,, Murugappan, additional, Deschenes, Geoffrey R., additional, Nelson, George W., additional, O'Brien, Stephen J., additional, Goedert, James J., additional, Ho, David D., additional, O'Brien, Thomas R., additional, and Carrington, Mary, additional

Published
2002
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14. HLA-Cw*04 and Hepatitis C Virus Persistence

Author

Thio, Chloe L., primary, Gao, Xiaojiang, additional, Goedert, James J., additional, Vlahov, David, additional, Nelson, Kenrad E., additional, Hilgartner, Margaret W., additional, O'Brien, Stephen J., additional, Karacki, Peter, additional, Astemborski, Jacquie, additional, Carrington, Mary, additional, and Thomas, David L., additional

Published
2002
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15. Prevalence of antibodies to feline parvovirus, calicivirus, herpesvirus, coronavirus, and immunodeficiency virus and of feline leukemia virus antigen and the interrelationship of these viral infections in free-ranging lions in east Africa

Author

Hofmann-Lehmann, Regina; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9750-4296, Fehr, Daniela, Grob, Markus, Elgizoli, Muhamed, Packer, Craig, Martenson, Janice S, O'Brien, Stephen J, Lutz, Hans, Hofmann-Lehmann, Regina; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9750-4296, Fehr, Daniela, Grob, Markus, Elgizoli, Muhamed, Packer, Craig, Martenson, Janice S, O'Brien, Stephen J, and Lutz, Hans

Abstract

While viral infections and their impact are well studied in domestic cats, only limited information is available on their occurrence in free-ranging lions. The goals of the present study were (i) to investigate the prevalence of antibodies to feline calicivirus (FCV), herpesvirus (FHV), coronavirus (FCoV), parvovirus (FPV), and immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and of feline leukemia virus (FeLV) antigen in 311 serum samples collected between 1984 and 1991 from lions inhabiting Tanzania's national parks and (ii) to evaluate the possible biological importance and the interrelationship of these viral infections. Antibodies to FCV, never reported previously in free-ranging lions, were detected in 70% of the sera. In addition, a much higher prevalence of antibodies to FCoV (57%) was found than was previously reported in Etosha National Park and Kruger National Park. Titers ranged from 25 to 400. FeLV antigen was not detectable in any of the serum samples. FCoV, FCV, FHV, and FIV were endemic in the Serengeti, while a transient elevation of FPV titers pointed to an outbreak of FPV infection between 1985 and 1987. Antibody titers to FPV and FCV were highly prevalent in the Serengeti (FPV, 75%; FCV, 67%) but not in Ngorongoro Crater (FPV, 27%; FCV, 2%). These differences could be explained by the different habitats and biological histories of the two populations and by the well-documented absence of immigration of lions from the Serengeti plains into Ngorongoro Crater after 1965. These observations indicate that, although the pathological potential of these viral infections seemed not to be very high in free-ranging lions, relocation of seropositive animals by humans to seronegative lion populations must be considered very carefully.

Published
1996

18. Influence of theCCR2-V64IPolymorphism on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Coreceptor Activity and on Chemokine Receptor Function of CCR2b, CCR3, CCR5, and CXCR4

Author

Lee, Benhur, primary, Doranz, Benjamin J., additional, Rana, Shalini, additional, Yi, Yanji, additional, Mellado, Mario, additional, Frade, Jose M. R., additional, Martinez-A., Carlos, additional, O’Brien, Stephen J., additional, Dean, Michael, additional, Collman, Ronald G., additional, and Doms, Robert W., additional

Published
1998
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19. Exclusive and Persistent Use of the Entry Coreceptor CXCR4 by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 from a Subject Homozygous for CCR5 Δ32

Author

Michael, Nelson L., primary, Nelson, Julie A. E., additional, KewalRamani, Vineet N., additional, Chang, George, additional, O’Brien, Stephen J., additional, Mascola, John R., additional, Volsky, Barbara, additional, Louder, Mark, additional, White, Gilbert C., additional, Littman, Dan R., additional, Swanstrom, Ronald, additional, and O’Brien, Thomas R., additional

Published
1998
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20. APOBEC3G Genetic Variants and Their Influence on the Progression to AIDS?

Author

Ping An, Bleiber, Gabriela, Duggal, Priya, Nelson, George, May, Margaret, Mangeat, Bastien, Irene Alobwede, Trono, Didier, Vlahov, David, Donfield, Sharyne, Goedert, James J., Phair, John, Buchbinder, Susan, O'Brien, Stephen J., Telenti, Amalio, and Winkler, Cheryl A.

Subjects
*VIRAL replication, *HIV, *IMMUNODEFICIENCY, *IMMUNOSUPPRESSION, *VIRUSES, *IMMUNOLOGIC diseases
Abstract

The cytosine deaminase APOBEC3G, in the absence of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) accessory gene HIV-1 viral infectivity factor (vif), inhibits viral replication by introducing G→A hypermutation in the newly synthesized HIV-1 DNA negative strand. We tested the hypothesis that genetic variants of APOBEC3G may modify HIV-1 transmission and disease progression. Single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified in the promoter region (three), introns (two), and exons (two). Genotypes were determined for 3,073 study participants enrolled in six HIV-AIDS prospective cohorts. One codon-changing variant, H186R in exon 4, was polymorphic in African Americans (AA) (f = 37%) and rare in European Americans (f < 3%) or Europeans (f = 5%). For AA, the variant allele 186R was strongly associated with decline in CD4 T cells (CD4 slope on square root scale: −1.86, P = 0.009), The 186R allele was also associated with accelerated progression to AIDS-defining conditions in AA. The in vitro antiviral activity of the 186R enzyme was not inferior to that of the common H186 variant. These studies suggest that there may be a modifying role of variants of APOBEC3G on HIV-1 disease progression that warrants further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2004
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21. Genetic Protection against Hepatitis B Virus Conferred by CCR532: Evidence that CCR5 Contributes to Viral Persistence.

Author

Thio, Chloe L., Astemborski, Jacquie, Bashirova, Arman, Mosbruger, Timothy, Greer, Spencer, Witt, Mallory D., Goedert, James J., Hilgartner, Margaret, Majeske, Audrey, O'Brien, Stephen J., Thomas, David L., and Carrington, Mary

Subjects
*HEPATITIS B virus, *CHEMOKINES, *HEPATITIS B, *VIRAL receptors, *GENETIC polymorphisms, *IMMUNE response
Abstract

Recovery from acute hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection requires a broad, vigorous T-cell response, which is enhanced in mice when chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) is missing. To test the hypothesis that production of a nonfunctional CCR5 (CCR5 δ 32 [a functionally null allele containing a 32-bp deletion]) increases the likelihood of recovery from hepatitis B in humans, we studied 526 persons from three cohorts in which one person with HBV persistence was matched to two persons who recovered from an HBV infection. Recovery or persistence was determined prior to availability of lamivudine. We determined genotypes for CCR5 δ 32 and for polymorphisms in the CCR5 promoter and in coding regions of the neighboring genes, chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) and chemokine receptor-like 2 (CCRL2). Allele and haplotype frequencies were compared among the 190 persons with viral recovery and the 336 with persistence by use of conditional logistic regression. CCR5 δ 32 reduced the risk of developing a persistent HBV infection by nearly half (odds ratio [OR], 0.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.33 to 0.83; P = 0.006). This association was virtually identical in persons with and without a concomitant human immunodeficiency virus infection. Of the nine individuals who were homozygous for the deletion, eight recovered from infection (OR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.03 to 1.99; P = 0.19). None of the other neighboring polymorphisms examined were associated with HBV outcome. These data demonstrate a protective effect of CCR5 δ 32 in recovery from an HBV infection, provide genetic epidemiological evidence for a role of CCR5 in the immune response to HBV, and suggest a potential therapeutic treatment for patients persistently infected with HBV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
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22. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-specific CD8+-T-cell responses for groups of HIV-1-infected individuals with different HLA-B*35 genotypes.

Author

Jin X, Gao X, Ramanathan M Jr, Deschenes GR, Nelson GW, O'Brien SJ, Goedert JJ, Ho DD, O'Brien TR, and Carrington M

Subjects
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome virology, Disease Progression, Genotype, Humans, Viral Load, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome immunology, HIV-1 immunology, HLA-B35 Antigen genetics, T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic immunology
Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals with HLA-B*35 allelic variants B*3502/3503/3504/5301 (B*35-Px) progress more rapidly to AIDS than do those with B*3501 (B*35-PY). The mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon are not clear. To examine whether cellular immune responses may differ according to HLA-B*35 genotype, we quantified HIV-1-specific CD8(+)-T-cell (CTL) responses using an intracellular cytokine-staining assay with specimens from 32 HIV-1-positive individuals who have B*35 alleles. Among them, 75% had CTL responses to Pol, 69% had CTL responses to Gag, 50% had CTL responses to Nef, and 41% had CTL responses to Env. The overall magnitude of CTL responses did not differ between patients bearing B*35-Px genotypes and those bearing B*35-PY genotypes. A higher percentage of Gag-specific CTL was associated with lower HIV-1 RNA levels (P = 0.009) in individuals with B*35-PY. A negative association between CTL activity for each of the four HIV antigens and viral load was observed among individuals with B*35-PY, and the association reached significance for Gag. No significant relationship between CTL activity and viral load was observed in the B*35-Px group. The relationship between total CTL activity and HIV RNA among B*35-Px carriers differed significantly from that among B*35-PY carriers (P < 0.05). The data are consistent with the hypothesis that higher levels of virus-specific CTL contribute to protection against HIV disease progression in infected individuals with B*35-PY, but not in those with B*35-Px.

Published
2002
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