1. Improving HIV-2 Detection by a Combination of Serological and Nucleic Acid Amplification Test Assays
- Author
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Sandro Mancinelli, Angela Costantino, Elena Tritarelli, Roberto Bruni, Massimo Ciccozzi, Massimo Magnano San Lio, Leonardo Palombi, Alessandra Lo Presti, Michele Equestre, M. Miceli, Susanna Ceffa, Cinzia Marcantonio, Anna Rita Ciccaglione, Giovanni Rezza, Anna Maria Doro Altan, Giovanna Paturzo, Maria Cristina Marazzi, Paola Iudicone, Giulio Pisani, and Paola Tataseo
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Microbiology (medical) ,Adolescent ,HIV Positivity ,Settore MED/42 - Igiene Generale e Applicata ,Molecular Sequence Data ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,RNA, Viral ,Young Adult ,Middle Aged ,HIV-2 ,Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques ,HIV Infections ,Female ,Guinea-Bissau ,HIV Antibodies ,Humans ,HIV-1 ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,Immunoassay ,Virus ,Serology ,Virology ,medicine ,Viral ,biology ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,virus diseases ,DNA ,Nucleic acid amplification technique ,biology.organism_classification ,Real-time polymerase chain reaction ,Lentivirus ,Nucleic acid ,RNA ,Sequence Analysis - Abstract
The ability to detect HIV-2 and to discriminate between HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections was evaluated in 46 serum samples from Guinea-Bissau (GB) and Guinea-Conakry (GC) using serological tests and commercial (HIV-1) and in-house (HIV-2) real-time PCR assays. Samples were first identified as HIV-2 positive by Genie I/II assay in GB and GC. HIV positivity was detected in 44 of 46 samples by all screening and confirmatory assays. A diagnostic strategy based on Inno-LIA and HIV-1/2 RNA detection assays allowed accurate discrimination between HIV-1 and HIV-2 in 84% of single infections and confirmed 32% of double infections. In samples with double reactivity in the Inno-LIA test and no detection of both genomes, cross-reactivity likely hampered the identification of true double infections. In conclusion, the implementation of a diagnostic strategy, based on multiple specific serological tests and highly sensitive quantitative PCR assays, is recommended to ensure accurate HIV-2 diagnosis and appropriate therapy for individuals from areas in which the virus is endemic.
- Published
- 2010
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