1. Population Pharmacokinetic Study of Amoxicillin-Treated Burn Patients Hospitalized at a Swiss Tertiary-Care Center
- Author
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Fournier, Anne, Goutelle, Sylvain, Que, Yok-Ai, Eggimann, Philippe, Pantet, Olivier, Sadeghipour, Farshid, Voirol, Pierre, and Csajka, Chantal
- Subjects
610 Medicine & health - Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the population pharmacokinetics (PK) of amoxicillin in ICU burn patients and the optimal dosage regimens. This was a prospective study involving 21 consecutive burn patients receiving amoxicillin. PK data were analyzed using nonlinear mixed-effects modeling. Monte-Carlo simulations assessed the influence of various amoxicillin dosage regimens with identified covariates on the probability to achieve a target (PTA) value of time during which free amoxicillin concentrations in plasma exceeded the MIC (T>MIC). A two-compartment model best described the data. Creatinine clearance (CL) and body weight (BW) influenced amoxicillin CL and central volume of distribution (), respectively. The median CL (Cockcroft-Gault formula) was high (128 ml/min), with 25% of patients having CLs of >150 ml/min. The CL, , and half-life () values at steady state for a patient with a CL of 110 ml/min and BW of 70 kg were 13.6 liters/h, 9.7 liters, and 0.8 h, respectively. Simulations showed that a target T>MIC of ≥50% was achieved (PTA > 90%) with standard amoxicillin dosage regimens (1 to 2 g every 6 to 8 h [q6-8h]) when the MIC was low (
- Published
- 2018
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