1. Shotgun proteomics implicates protease inhibition and complement activation in the antiinflammatory properties of HDL
- Author
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Simona Vuletic, Andrew N. Hoofnagle, John D. Brunzell, Sean Y. Kassim, Jaeman Byun, Randolph L. Geary, Helen Chea, Marian C. Cheung, Alan Chait, Jay W. Heinecke, Paul M. Ridker, Robert H. Knopp, Xue Qiao Zhao, Tomas Vaisar, Keith B. Elkon, Sina A. Gharib, Pattie S. Green, Santica M. Marcovina, John F. Oram, Subramaniam Pennathur, and Pragya Singh
- Subjects
Proteomics ,Apolipoprotein E ,Molecular Sequence Data ,Inflammation ,Coronary Artery Disease ,Biology ,Pharmacology ,Mass Spectrometry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,medicine ,Humans ,Amino Acid Sequence ,Endopeptidase inhibitor activity ,Shotgun proteomics ,Complement Activation ,Cholesterol ,nutritional and metabolic diseases ,General Medicine ,Lipid Metabolism ,Complement system ,Biochemistry ,chemistry ,Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ,Commentary ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,medicine.symptom ,Lipoproteins, HDL ,Chromatography, Liquid ,Peptide Hydrolases ,Lipoprotein - Abstract
HDL lowers the risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease by promoting cholesterol efflux from macrophage foam cells. However, other antiatherosclerotic properties of HDL are poorly understood. To test the hypothesis that the lipoprotein carries proteins that might have novel cardioprotective activities, we used shotgun proteomics to investigate the composition of HDL isolated from healthy subjects and subjects with coronary artery disease (CAD). Unexpectedly, our analytical strategy identified multiple complement-regulatory proteins and a diverse array of distinct serpins with serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity. Many acute-phase response proteins were also detected, supporting the proposal that HDL is of central importance in inflammation. Mass spectrometry and biochemical analyses demonstrated that HDL3 from subjects with CAD was selectively enriched in apoE, raising the possibility that HDL carries a unique cargo of proteins in humans with clinically significant cardiovascular disease. Collectively, our observations suggest that HDL plays previously unsuspected roles in regulating the complement system and protecting tissue from proteolysis and that the protein cargo of HDL contributes to its antiinflammatory and antiatherogenic properties.
- Published
- 2007