1. Protective Effect of Cytomegalovirus Reactivation on Relapse after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients Is Influenced by Conditioning Regimen
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Shivaprasad Manjappa, Camille N. Abboud, Keith E. Stokerl-Goldstein, Jingxia Liu, Srinidhi J. Meera, Geoffrey L. Uy, Pavan Kumar Bhamidipati, Rizwan Romee, Peter Westervelt, Ravi Vij, Todd A. Fehniger, Meagan A. Jacoby, John F. DiPersio, Mark A. Schroeder, Iskra Pusic, and Amanda F. Cashen
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Adult ,Male ,Risk ,Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Transplantation Conditioning ,Adolescent ,T-Lymphocytes ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Congenital cytomegalovirus infection ,Cytomegalovirus ,Myeloablative Agonist ,Reduced intensity ,Graft vs Leukemia Effect ,Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation ,Lower risk ,Lymphocyte Depletion ,HLA Antigens ,Internal medicine ,hemic and lymphatic diseases ,Secondary Prevention ,Humans ,Transplantation, Homologous ,Medicine ,Relapse ,Aged ,Transplantation ,Acute myeloid leukemia ,Myeloablative ,business.industry ,Siblings ,Hazard ratio ,Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ,CMV ,Myeloid leukemia ,Hematology ,Middle Aged ,Myeloablative Agonists ,Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation ,medicine.disease ,Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ,Multivariate Analysis ,Immunology ,Female ,Virus Activation ,Unrelated Donors ,business - Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (allo-HCT) has been associated with a reduced risk of relapse in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the influence of the conditioning regimen on this protective effect of CMV reactivation after allo-HCT is relatively unexplored. To address this, we evaluated the risk of relapse in 264 AML patients who received T cell–replete, 6/6 HLA matched sibling or 10/10 HLA matched unrelated donor transplantation at a single institution between 2006 and 2011. Of these 264 patients, 206 received myeloablative (MA) and 58 received reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) regimens. CMV reactivation was observed in 88 patients with MA conditioning and 37 patients with RIC. At a median follow-up of 299 days, CMV reactivation was associated with significantly lower risk of relapse in patients who received MA conditioning both in univariate (P = .01) and multivariate analyses (hazard ratio, .5246; P = .006); however, CMV reactivation did not significantly affect the risk of relapse in our RIC cohort. These results confirm the protective effect of CMV reactivation on relapse in AML patients after allo-HCT reported by previous studies but suggest this protective effect of CMV reactivation on relapse is influenced by the conditioning regimen used with the transplant.
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