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Objective: The aim of our study was to evaluate prospectively the grades and patterns of gadopentetate-enhanced MR imaging in the radiocarpal joints of healthy subjects after IV contrast administration., Subjects and Methods: The study included 18 healthy subjects (nine men, nine women; age range, 24-34 years; mean age, 30.8 years). We obtained coronal T1-weighted spin-echo images with fat suppression before and after IV administration of gadopentetate dimeglumine and additional axial T1-weighted spin-echo images after contrast administration. Patterns of signal-intensity enhancement in and around the radiocarpal joints were evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively., Results: In eight (44.4%) of 18 healthy subjects, enhancement of the radiocarpal joints was seen and exclusively located in the region of the prestyloid recess. Enhancement patterns were bandlike in three (16.7%) of 18 healthy subjects, homogeneous in another three (16.7%) of 18, and nodular in two (11.1%) of 18., Conclusion: After IV administration of gadopentetate, signal-intensity enhancement in the radiocarpal joint is frequently seen in healthy subjects and is not predictive of inflammatory joint disease. If contrast enhancement is present, three distinct patterns are usually revealed, all invariably located in the region of the prestyloid recess.

Objective: Our study was undertaken to develop diagnostic rules and to assess the reproducibility of dynamic and morphologic parameters for the characterization of suspicious breast lesions using dynamic high-spatial-resolution MR imaging., Materials and Methods: Fifty-seven patients with suspicious mammographic or palpable findings underwent preoperative contrast-enhanced MR imaging of the breast using a three-time-point method of acquisition. Each lesion was prospectively analyzed by two independent radiologists for morphologic and visual dynamic enhancement characteristics. A classification and regression tree was used to examine the optimal order, cutoff points, and combination of imaging parameters to build a diagnostic rule separating benign from malignant lesions using histopathology findings as the standard of reference. Kappa statistics were used to determine observer variability., Results: Among 23 benign and 34 malignant lesions (12 invasive, three ductal carcinoma in situ, and 19 mixed cancer), margin morphology (p = 0.001) and enhancement pattern (p = 0.001) were the most significant MR imaging findings for lesion characterization. Focal mass lesions were classified as malignant when spiculated margins or both the washout enhancement pattern and "nonsmooth" margins were present. Interobserver agreement was almost perfect for washout pattern and substantial for margin assessment. In the limited population tested retrospectively, the diagnostic rule yielded a sensitivity and positive predictive value of 97% each and a specificity and negative predictive value of 96% each., Conclusion: The washout enhancement pattern combined with lesion margin assessment on dynamic contrast-enhanced high-resolution MR imaging of the breast allows reproducible lesion characterization and may be a highly specific diagnostic tool.

Objective: The aim of our study was to assess the evolution of pulmonary CT findings in cystic fibrosis patients., Materials and Methods: Serial CT examinations were performed in four different follow-up periods on 107 patients with cystic fibrosis. Lung images of the initial and follow-up CT were reviewed and scored for specific morphologic findings. CT findings were correlated with the results of the pulmonary function tests and clinical (Shwachman-Kulczycki) scores., Results: Morphologic changes were minor within the first 18 months of follow-up compared with the period after 18 months. The increase of the overall score was significantly higher in groups with follow-up periods longer than 18 months compared with groups with follow-up periods shorter than 18 months. Various components of morphologic changes contributed to the sequential changes seen on the CT scans. All morphologic changes and the CT scores correlated significantly (p < .0001) with pulmonary function tests and clinical score. CONCLUSION. Serial CT scans allow assessment of the evolution of pulmonary abnormalities in patients with cystic fibrosis. CT seems to have advantages over pulmonary function tests and clinical scoring in the depiction of pulmonary changes over time.

Objective: The purpose of our study was to compare the quantity and quality of tissue harvested from breast biopsy when using 14-, 16-, and 18-gauge "long-throw" needles., Subjects and Methods: We performed a prospective randomized study in 64 patients with 66 breast lesions. Under stereotactic guidance, passes were made in random order with each of the three biopsy needles in each lesion. Samples were measured for tissue area and scored for their quality. All lesions, including benign and malignant lesions and lesions with and without microcalcifications, were analyzed. Findings of the biopsy samples were compared with the final diagnoses made at surgical excision., Results: In all 66 lesions, 14-gauge biopsy needles obtained significantly larger specimens (14-gauge, 13.14 mm2; 16-gauge, 9.6 mm2; 18-gauge, 6.41 mm2; p < .05) and scored significantly better (14-gauge, 8.37; 16-gauge, 7.56; 18-gauge, 7.14; p < .016) than either of the smaller needles. The results for malignant and benign lesions and for lesions with and without microcalcifications were similar but not equal to the overall results. However, benign lesions and areas with microcalcifications seem to be more problematic for both smaller needles than for 14-gauge needles., Conclusion: Our results indicate that the quantity and quality of breast biopsy specimens depend on the needle size. Of the three needle sizes tested, only 14-gauge long-throw biopsy needles can be recommended for breast biopsy.