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Objective: Various literature are suggestive of a relation between lifetime trauma and mortality risk in adulthood, however, findings seem unclear and inconsistent. In our preregistered review, we conducted a systematic review to examine the association between lifetime trauma and mortality risk in adulthood. Method: Six databases (Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL [EBSCO], PsycInfo [EBSCO], Embase, and Medline [PubMed]); were searched up to April 2023 for studies reporting adult mortality outcomes associated with traumatic events accumulated across the lifespan. Five studies were found, and a narrative review of the literature was conducted. Results: Five studies met the inclusion criteria, including 5,506 individuals. Two studies with men/male-only samples reported no relation between lifetime trauma and mortality risk; however, three studies with a mixed-sex sample found a positive relation between lifetime trauma and mortality risk, indicating that the more traumatic events a person has across their lifespan, the greater their mortality risk. Conclusion: Lifetime trauma appears to be associated with mortality risk during adulthood. The strongest evidence stems from larger samples. However, research is sparse and inconclusive. A plethora of additional research is needed to address several limitations within the current literature, which includes utilizing standardized measures of lifetime trauma, replication of effects, and the examination of vulnerable and underrepresented populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research consistently shows that incarcerated juveniles and adults experience high levels of prior traumatic experiences and stressful life events. Yet there is a gap in the literature addressing incarcerated older adults’ life-course experiences of traumatic and stressful life events and their initial and current subjective interpretations of these events. Given that untreated trauma has been linked to decreased health and mental well-being, and recidivism, the current study attempts to address this gap. A secondary data analysis was conducted of the Risk and Resilience Study on older adults in prison. It used a cross-sectional correlation design from an anonymous self-report, self-administered survey of a sample of 667 incarcerated older adults with a mean age of 56.5 years. Cumulative trauma (objective and subjective) was measured using the Life Stressors Checklist-Revised (LSC-R). Up to 70% of participants reported at least one of 31 types of lifetime traumatic or stressful events occurring in childhood and/or adulthood. On average, they also reported higher degrees of current subjective distress about being a victim as opposed to a witness of violence or other stressful experiences. This study helps to break the cycle of silence of trauma and stress among older adults in prison. The complex trauma histories and resulting needs of older adults in prison are a significant public health challenge that must be addressed. Specialized trauma-informed assessment and intervention strategies that may work more effectively with this sensitive population, especially in the challenging prison environment, are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This article is an examination of the empirical literature published in peer-reviewed journals, which investigated samples of adults aged 50 and older, who had experienced trauma, in childhood with follow-up of the impact on later life mental and physical health. Articles were identified through searches of EBSCOhost databases, such as PubMed, SocioIndex, and PsychoLit. Search terms such as childhood trauma and cumulative trauma were paired with the term older adults in varying combinations. The collective findings of 23 studies published between 1996 and 2001 suggested that trauma first documented as occurring in childhood is associated with later life mental and physical health. Methodological limitations and future directions as well as recommendations for practice, policy, and research with older adults and trauma are delineated. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]