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Memorializes Robert Allen Gardner (1930-2021). Gardner and his late wife and research partner, Beatrix “Trixie” Gardner, are best known for their ground-breaking cross-fostering project with the chimpanzee Washoe, the first nonhuman to learn a human language (American Sign Language). Between 1972 and 198, Allen and Trixie replicated their success with four additional infant chimpanzees. Allen cofounded and was a psychology fellow of the Center for Advanced Studies at the University of Nevada in Reno, and served as director from 1990 to 1993. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discusses an experimental study of patterns of conversational interaction between cross-fostered chimpanzees and a human interlocutor. Transcription of the utterances of the chimpanzees and the probes of the interlocutor; Development of cross-fosterlings into conversational partners.