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This article investigates the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the 7-item Fear of Cancer Recurrence Questionnaire (FCR-7). A total of 1,025 cancer patients were recruited and asked to complete the Chinese FCR-7, Fear of Progression Questionnaire—Short Form (FoP-Q–SF), 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and 7-item General Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire (GAD-7). The internal consistency and test–retest reliabilities were examined. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted on random split-half samples. Overall relationships of FCR-7 with other psychological constructs were examined. The Chinese FCR-7 showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha =.87), test–retest reliability (r =.90), and item–total correlations (range =.583–.872). The unitary factor structure was supported by the EFA and the CFA fit statistics (comparative fit index =.99, root-mean-square error of approximation =.039, 95% confidence interval [.01,.07]). The total score of FCR-7 was positively associated with FoP-Q–SF (r =.756, p <.01), PHQ-9 (r =.522, p <.01), and GAD-7 (r =.553, p <.01). Patients with low monthly income (p <.001) and family cancer history (p =.012) and those who had gone through chemotherapy (p =.001) tended to report higher fear of cancer recurrence (FCR). The FCR-7 has been translated and successfully culturally adapted into a Chinese version. It is a reliable and valid measurement for assessing FCR. The present study suggests that the Chinese version of the seven-item Fear of Cancer Recurrence Questionnaire is a reliable and valid measure for assessing patients' recurrence fears. Additionally, patients with low income and family cancer history and those who had gone through chemotherapy were more likely to report higher fears. Therefore, specific and flexible psychological interventions are needed for these high-risk populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]