1. Enforced physical inactivity increases endothelial microparticle levels in healthy volunteers
- Author
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Inesa Benediktovna Kozlovskaya, Jacques-Olivier Fortrat, Guillemette Gauquelin-Koch, Florence Sabatier, Marc-Antoine Custaud, Nastassia Navasiolava, Irina M. Larina, Claire Demiot, Françoise Dignat-George, Biologie Neurovasculaire Intégrée (BNVI), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of physiology, Institute of physiology of Minsk, CadyWEC International Laboratory, Université d'Angers (UA), Institute of biomedical problems, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Physiopathologie de l'Endothelium, Vascular research center of Marseille (VRCM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Homéostasie Cellulaire et Pathologies (HCP), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-CHU Limoges-Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST FR CNRS 3503), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)
- Subjects
Blood Glucose ,Male ,Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ,Time Factors ,Physiology ,Vasodilator Agents ,[SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology ,Arbitrary unit ,Vasodilation ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cell-Derived Microparticles ,MESH: Cell-Derived Microparticles ,MESH: Microcirculation ,Laser-Doppler Flowmetry ,MESH: Endothelial Cells ,Endothelial dysfunction ,MESH: Laser-Doppler Flowmetry ,Cardiovascular Deconditioning ,Skin ,0303 health sciences ,Iontophoresis ,Lipids ,MESH: Administration, Cutaneous ,MESH: Leg ,3. Good health ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,MESH: Young Adult ,Circulatory system ,[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC] ,MESH: Endothelium, Vascular ,MESH: Iontophoresis ,E-Selectin ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,MESH: Sedentary Lifestyle ,Nitroprusside ,MESH: E-Selectin ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Endothelium ,Administration, Cutaneous ,Microcirculation ,MESH: Vasodilation ,Endothelial activation ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,MESH: Skin ,[SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN] ,Physiology (medical) ,Internal medicine ,[SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO] ,medicine ,Humans ,MESH: Weightlessness Simulation ,Weightlessness Simulation ,030304 developmental biology ,Leg ,Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 ,MESH: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 ,MESH: Humans ,MESH: Acetylcholine ,business.industry ,MESH: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ,MESH: Time Factors ,MESH: Biological Markers ,Endothelial Cells ,[SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology ,medicine.disease ,MESH: Lipids ,Acetylcholine ,MESH: Male ,MESH: Nitroprusside ,MESH: Vasodilator Agents ,Endocrinology ,[SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics ,Immunology ,MESH: Blood Glucose ,Endothelium, Vascular ,Sedentary Behavior ,business ,Biomarkers - Abstract
International audience; A sedentary lifestyle has adverse effects on the cardiovascular system, including impaired endothelial functions. Subjecting healthy men to 7 days of dry immersion (DI) presented a unique opportunity to analyze the specific effects of enhanced inactivity on the endothelium. We investigated endothelial properties before, during, and after 7 days of DI involving eight subjects. Microcirculatory functions were assessed with laser Doppler in the skin of the calf. We studied basal blood flow and endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilation. We also measured plasma levels of microparticles, a sign of cellular dysfunction, and soluble endothelial factors, reflecting the endothelial state. Basal flow and endothelium-dependent vasodilation were reduced by DI (22 + or - 4 vs. 15 + or - 2 arbitrary units and 29 + or - 6% vs. 12 + or - 6%, respectively, P < 0.05), and this was accompanied by an increase in circulating endothelial microparticles (EMPs), which was significant on day 3 (42 + or - 8 vs. 65 + or - 10 EMPs/microl, P < 0.05), whereas microparticles from other cell origins remained unchanged. Plasma soluble VEGF decreased significantly during DI, whereas VEGF receptor 1 and soluble CD62E were unchanged, indicating that the increase in EMPs was associated with a change in antiapoptotic tone rather than endothelial activation. Our study showed that extreme physical inactivity in humans induced by 7 days of DI causes microvascular impairment with a disturbance of endothelial functions, associated with a selective increase in EMPs. Microcirculatory endothelial dysfunction might contribute to cardiovascular deconditioning as well as to hypodynamia-associated pathologies. In conclusion, the endothelium should be the focus of special care in situations of acute limitation of physical activity.
- Published
- 2010