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Muscle and liver protein metabolism was examined in infected control rats pretreated with pentoxifylline (PTX-INF) to know more about the function of cytokines in intervening muscle deterioration noted in sepsis. The control of protein balance in muscle could involve the tumor necrosis factor, but other mediators that may be restricted by pentoxifylline may also be involved.

Protein turnover modifications induced by the protein feeding pattern still persist after the end of the diets. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 278: E902-E909, 2000.--This study was undertaken to determine whether the protein feeding pattern could induce chronic adaptation of protein turnover. After a 15-day adaptive period, elderly (68 yr) and young (26 yr) women received, for 14 days, a diet providing 200 KJ [multiplied by] kg fat-free mass [(FFM).sup.-1] [multiplied by] [day.sup.-1], where the daily protein intake (1.7 g protein [multiplied by] kg [FFM.sup.-l] [multiplied by] [day.sup.-1]) was either spread over 4 meals in the spread pattern or mainly (80%) consumed at noon in the pulse pattern. One day after the end of the dietary treatment, whole body leucine kinetics were measured by use of a continuous [[.sup.13]C]leucine infusion, both in the postabsorptive state and in the same fed state. The pulse pattern was able to induce, in young as in elderly women, a lower postabsorptive leucine oxidation and endogenous leucine flux than the spread pattern and improved the responsiveness of nonoxidative leucine disposal during 4-h oral feeding. Thus the pulse pattern was able to induce chronic regulation of protein metabolism in young as in elderly women. women; postabsorptive state; postprandial state; aging