Search

The electronic states near the Fermi level of recently discovered superconductor ${\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}{\mathrm{CuO}}_{4\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\delta}}$ consist primarily of the Cu ${d}_{{x}^{2}\ensuremath{-}{y}^{2}}$ and ${d}_{3{z}^{2}\ensuremath{-}{r}^{2}}$ orbitals. We investigate the electronic correlation effect and the orbital polarization of an effective two-orbital Hubbard model mimicking the low-energy physics of ${\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}{\mathrm{CuO}}_{4\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\delta}}$ in the hole-rich regime by utilizing the dynamical mean-field theory with the Lanczos method as the impurity solver. We find that the hole-overdoped ${\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}{\mathrm{CuO}}_{4\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\delta}}$ with $3{d}^{8}$ (${\mathrm{Cu}}^{3+}$) is in the orbital-selective Mott phase (OSMP) at half-filling, and the typical two-orbital feature remains in ${\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}{\mathrm{CuO}}_{4\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\delta}}$ when the electron filling approaches ${n}_{e}\ensuremath{\sim}2.5$, which closely approximates to the experimental hole doping for the emergence of the high-${T}_{c}$ superconductivity. We also obtain that the orbital polarization is very stable in the OSMP, and the multiorbital correlation can drive orbital polarization transitions. These results indicate that in hole-overdoped ${\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}{\mathrm{CuO}}_{4\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\delta}}$ the OSMP physics and orbital polarization, local magnetic moment, and spin or orbital fluctuations still exist. We propose that our present results are also applicable to ${\mathrm{Sr}}_{2}{\mathrm{CuO}}_{4\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\delta}}$ and other two-orbital cuprates, demanding an unconventional multiorbital superconducting scenario in hole-overdoped high-${T}_{c}$ cuprates.

Multiorbital interactions have the capacity to produce an interesting kind of doublon-holon bound state that consists of a single-hole state in one band and a doubly-occupied state in another band. Interband doublon-holon pair excitations in the two-orbital Hubbard model are studied by using dynamical mean-field theory with the Lanczos method as the impurity solver. We find that the interband bound states may provide several in-gap quasiparticle peaks in the density of states of the narrow band in the orbital-selective Mott phase with a small Hund's rule coupling ($J$). There exists a corresponding energy relation between the in-gap states of the narrow band and the peaks in the excitation spectrum of the doublon for the wide band. We also find that the spin flip and pair-hopping Hund interactions can divide one quasiparticle peak into two peaks, where the splitting energy increases linearly with increasing $J$. Strong Hund's rule coupling can move the interband doublon-holon pair excitations outside the Mott gap and restrict the bound states by suppressing the orbital selectivity of the doubly-occupied and single-hole states., Comment: 9 pages, 10 figures

Recent progress seems to suggest that one must modify general relativity (GR) to stably violate the null energy condition and avoid the cosmological singularity. However, with higher-order derivative operators of the scalar field (a subclass of the degenerate higher-order scalar-tensor theory), we show that at energies well below the Planck scale, fully stable nonsingular cosmologies can actually be implemented within GR.

We study the inflation scenario with the non-minimally derivative coupling $XR^{(3)}$, where $X=\nabla_\mu\phi \nabla^\mu\phi$, $\phi$ is the inflaton and $R^{(3)}$ is the 3-dimensional intrinsic Ricci scalar on the spacelike hypersurface, and analytically calculate the corrections of $XR^{(3)}$ on the power spectra of primordial perturbations. It is found that for the $\phi^2$ inflation model, the corresponding predictions can be driven to the best-fit region of the $n_s$-$r$ diagram.

Based on the effective field theory (EFT) of nonsingular cosmologies, we build a stable model, without the ghost and gradient instabilities, of bounce inflation (inflation is preceded by a cosmological bounce). We perform a full simulation for the evolution of scalar perturbation, and find that the perturbation spectrum has a large-scale suppression (as expected), which is consistent with the power deficit of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) TT-spectrum at low multipoles, but unexpectedly, it also shows itself one marked lower valley, which actually provides a better fit to the dip at multipole $l\sim 20$. The depth of valley is relevant with the physics around the bounce scale, which is model-dependent., Comment: 23 pages, 19 figures

Recently, we have shown that the propagation speed $c_T$ of the primordial gravitational waves (GWs) might be nontrivially varying during inflation, which could induce local oscillations in the power spectrum of primordial GWs. In this paper, we numerically confirm that, although with a disformal redefinition of the metric the nontrivial $c_T$ may be set as unity, the power spectrum in the frame with $c_T=1$ is completely the same as that in the original disformal frame, i.e., the oscillating shape in the power spectrum is still reserved, since here the effect of $c_T$ is actually encoded in the nontrivially varying Hubble parameter. In addition, we also clarify how to obtain a blue-tilted GWs spectrum by imposing a rapidly decreasing $c_T$ during inflation., 16 pages, 9 figures; published version in PRD; references and comments added, presentation improved

In realistic model-building, spinor fields with various masses are present. During inflation, spinor field may induce gravitational waves as a second order effect. In this paper, we calculate the contribution of single massive spinor field to the power spectrum of primordial gravitational wave by using retarded Green propagator. We find that the correction is scale-invariant and of order $H^4/M_P^4$ for arbitrary spinor mass $m_{\psi}$. Additionally, we also observe that when $m_\psi \gtrsim H$, the dependence of correction on $m_\psi/H$ is nontrivial., Comment: 16 pages, 1 figure

The large-scale power deficit in the cosmic microwave background fluctuations might be relevant with the physics of pre-inflation, a bounce, or a superinflationary phase preceding slow-roll inflation, which can provide a singular-free realization of inflation. We investigate the primordial perturbations from such pre-inflationary evolutions, which generally may consist of multiple phases with different background dynamics, and give a universal formula for the power spectrum of primordial perturbations in terms of the recursive Bogoliubov coefficients. We also apply our formula to corresponding cases and show how the intensity of large-scale power suppression is affected by the pre-inflationary physics., 27 pages, 11 figures; references and comments added, presentation improved, matches version published in Phys. Rev. D

We analytically and numerically investigate the evolutions of the scalar perturbations through the cycles with nonsingular bounce. It is found that the amplitude of the curvature perturbation on large scale will be amplified cycle by cycle, and the isocurvature perturbations also obtain an amplification, but the rate of its amplification is slower than that of curvature perturbation, unless its coupling to the metric perturbation is not negligible., 7 pages, 10 figures

The quasi-two-dimensional antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model is used to describe the magnetic properties of ${\mathrm{La}}_{2}$${\mathrm{CuO}}_{4}$. In this model, the in-plane interaction is J and interplane coupling is J'. Studied with nonlinear spin-wave theory the Heisenberg model gives a connection between the ground-state energy and the parameter \ensuremath{\lambda}=J'/J, the N\'eel temperatures, and the softening temperatures for different \ensuremath{\lambda}. At \ensuremath{\lambda}=0 and \ensuremath{\lambda}=1, these results are in satisfactory agreement with the results of other theories of two- and three-dimensional antiferromagnetic Heisenberg models, respectively.

A simple optical structure, termed a pillar-slit structure, is proposed to enhance the contrast ratio of the weak optical signal. The structure consists of a metal slit surrounded by two metal pillars and can be directly incorporated onto optical sensors. The waves excited on the incident surface are modulated by the pillars and then scattered by the slit entrance so as to generate the in-slit surface plasmon polaritons passing through the slit. The transmission power is modified by the surface wave intensity. This structure is capable of suppressing background and enhancing signal light simultaneously. A calculated illustration by the numerical simulation method shows that an increase of the contrast ratio can be exceeded 900 times.

We analytically and numerically show that through the cycles with nonsingular bounce the amplitude of curvature perturbation on large scale will be amplified and the power spectrum will be redden. In some sense, this amplification will eventually destroy the homogeneity of background, which will lead to the ultimate end of cycles of global universe. We argue that for the model with increasing cycles, it might be possible that a fissiparous multiverse will emerge after one or several cycles, in which the cycles will continue only at corresponding local regions., 5 pages, 4 figures, title changed, Fig.1 revised, discussion and refs. added, to published in PRD

We propose a dressed subwavelength metal slit structure, which is formed by adding a thin metallic grating near the slit entrance with a distance. The simulation computation by means of the finite-difference time-domain method shows that the transmissivity can be substantially enhanced by 30 times compared with the conventional metal slit structure. The transmission spectrum exhibits two characters of the Fabry-Perot resonance and a left-shift. The introduced grating has two effects: (1) more energy is collected from the incident plane, and (2) the effective dielectric region in the slit is extended to the region out of the entrance.

We propose a combination structure which consists of a subwavelength metal slit filled periodically with two different dielectrics to modulate slit plasmon polaritons (slit-PPs). The transmission spectra are simulated by the finite-difference time-domain method and the photonic band gaps are observed. The theoretical formula to calculate the band-gap structures is deduced and the calculation results agree satisfactorily with simulated results. This structure can be termed as slit-PP crystal.

In this paper we fully calculate the non-Gaussianity of primordial curvature perturbation of island universe by using the second order perturbation equation. We find that for the spectral index $n_s\simeq 0.96$, which is favored by current observations, the non-Gaussianity level $f_{NL}$ seen in island will generally lie between 30 $\sim$ 60, which may be tested by the coming observations. In the landscape, the island universe is one of anthropically acceptable cosmological histories. Thus the results obtained in some sense means the coming observations, especially the measurement of non-Gaussianity, will be significant to make clear how our position in the landscape is populated., 5 pages, 1 eps figure, some discussions added, published version

The decaying speed of sound can lead to the emergence of the primordial density perturbation in any expanding phase, even if the expansion is decelerated. Recently, some proposals have been given to implement this mechanism, in which it was found that the primordial spectrum of scalar perturbation can be scale invariant. In this note, we will give more insights for the details of this seeding mechanism., 3 pages, 2 eps figure, contents extended, refs. added, published version

We present the time-domain analysis of the extraordinary optical transmission of the slits milled on the thin metallic film. We employ the finite-difference time-domain method to study the variations of the transmission energies with the sampling time received by several monitors that are placed on the specified positions in the structure. It is found that the physical origin of the related phenomenon may be contributed by a combining effect of single-slit effect and interslits effect. The single-slit effect is brought by the excitation of surface-plasmon polaritons from the isolated slit and the interslits effect is caused by phase interference of the transmitted waves from two slits. When the transmissivity of an isolated slit is adjusted to a maximum, total transmissivity of the grating is never governed by phase interference and can be qualified to the contribution from a single slit alone.

In this paper, in a class of warped compactifications with the brane/flux annihilation, we find that the inflation may be driven by a flat direction identified as that along the number p of anti D3-branes located at the tip of the Klebanov-Strassler throat. The spectrum of adiabatic perturbation generated during inflation is nearly scale invariant, which may be obtained by using the results shown in the phantom inflation, since in a four-dimension effective description the evolution of energy density along the $p$ direction is slowly increasing., Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, some arguments on the reliability of our resulits added, ref. added, to publish in PRD, matched to published version

In this paper, I suppose that the Universe begins in a holographic thermal equilibrium phase with the diverged correlation length, and the phase transition to the radiation phase of standard cosmology goes with the abrupt reduction of correlation length. In this case, the primordial perturbations may be induced by thermal fluctuations in this holographic phase. I calculate the spectra of these holographic primordial perturbations and find that the scalar spectrum has a slightly red tilt and the tensor perturbation amplitude has a moderate ratio, which may be tested in coming observations. The results plotted in the $r\ensuremath{-}{n}_{s}$ plane are similar to that of large field inflation models. However, for fixed efolding number, they are generally in different positions.

The primordial perturbations of test scalar fields not affecting the evolution of background may be very interesting since they can be transferred to the curvature perturbations by some mechanisms, and thus under certain condition can be responsible for the structure formation of observable universe. In this brief report we study the primordial perturbations of test scalar fields in various (super)accelerated expanding backgrounds., Comment: 4 pages, no figures, clarifications and refs. added, typos corrected, to publish in PRD

We show that the cosmological constant at late-time places a bound on the entropy of microwave background radiation deposited in the future event horizon of a given observer, $S\ensuremath{\le}{S}_{{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}_{0}}^{3/4}$. This bound is independent of the energy scale of reheating and the FRW evolution after reheating. We also discuss why the entropy of microwave background in our observable universe has its present value.

The possibility that the universe may have a fundamental and positive cosmological constant has motivated an interesting cosmological model, in which initially the universe is in a cosmological constant sea, then the local quantum fluctuations violating the null energy condition create some islands with matter and radiation, which under certain conditions might corresponds to our observable universe. We in this note study the perturbation spectra of scalar fields not affecting the evolution of background during the fluctuation. We will examine whether they can be interesting, and responsible for the structure formation of observable universe., 5 pages, 1 eps figure, typos corrected, more comments and clarifications are added according to the suggestions of referees, to publish in PRD

We calculate the lifetime distribution function of an assembly of polarized atoms in two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals (PCs) at different polarization orientations of atomic dipole moments. We reveal a switching effect of atomic spontaneous emission (SE) and find a significant change of atomic lifetime, up to a factor of 33, by tuning the polarized orientation of the atoms. These observations suggest that the tuning of the polarized orientation of atoms provides a new way for the effective control of atomic SE processes in 2D PCs.

Recently, the early superinflation driven by phantom field has been proposed and studied. The detection of primordial gravitational wave is an important means to know the state of very early universe. In this brief report we discuss in detail the gravitational wave background excited during the phantom superinflation., 3 pages, 2 eps figures, to be published in PRD, revised with published version, refs. added