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We consider the mimetic tachyon model in the Lagrange multiplier approach. We study both the linear and non-linear perturbations and find the perturbation and non-gaussianity parameters in this setup. By adopting two types of the scale factor as the power-law ($a=a_{0}\,t^{n}$) and intermediate ($a=a_{0}\exp(bt^{\beta})$) scale factors, we perform a numerical analysis on the model which is based on Planck2018 TT, TE, EE+lowE+lensing +BAO +BK14 and Planck2018 TTT, EEE, TTE and EET data sets. We show that the mimetic tachyon model with both the power-law and intermediate scale factors, in some ranges of its parameter space is instabilities-free and observationally viable. The power-law mimetic tachyon model with $26.3, Comment: 14 pages, 15 figures, 6 tables

We extend the idea of unimodular gravity to the modified $f(R,T)$ theories. A new class of cosmological solutions, that the unimodular constraint on the metric imposes on the $f(R,T)$ theories, is studied. This extension is done in both Jordan and Einstein frames. We show that while the Lagrange multiplier (that imposes the unimodular constraint on the action) depends on the cosmic time in Jordan frame and therefore, can act as an evolving scalar field in the universe history, in the Einstein frame it acts as a cosmological constant. Then a general reconstruction method is used to realize an explicit form of the unimodular $f(R,T)$ corresponding to a given cosmological solution. By adopting a specific form of $f(R,T)$, the issue of cosmological inflation is studied in this setup. To see the observational viability of this model, a numerical analysis on the model parameter space is done in the background of Planck2015 observational data.

Motivated by $\ensuremath{\alpha}$-attractor models, in this paper we consider a Gauss-Bonnet inflation with an E-model-type of potential. We consider the Gauss-Bonnet coupling function to be the same as the E-model potential. In the small $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ limit, we obtain an attractor at $r=0$ as expected, and in the large $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ limit, we recover the Gauss-Bonnet model with potential and coupling function of the form ${\ensuremath{\phi}}^{2n}$. We study perturbations and non-Gaussianity in this setup, and we find some constraints on the model's parameters in comparison with PLANCK data sets. We study also the reheating epoch after inflation in this setup. For this purpose, we seek the number of e-folds and temperature during reheating epoch. These quantities depend on the model's parameter and the effective equation of state of the dominating energy density in the reheating era. We find some observational constraints on these parameters.

We study a nonminimal derivative inflationary model in the presence of the Gauss-Bonnet term. To have a complete treatment of the model, we consider a general form of the nonminimal derivative function and also the Gauss-Bonnet coupling term. By following the ADM formalism, expanding the action up to the third order in the perturbations and using the correlation functions, we study the perturbation and its non-Gaussian feature in details. We also study the consistency relation that gets modified in the presence of the Gauss-Bonnet term in the action. We compare the results of our consideration in confrontation with Planck2015 observational data and find some constraints on the model’s parameters. Our treatment shows that this model in some ranges of the parameters is consistent with the observational data. Also, in some ranges of model’s parameters, the model predicts blue-tilted power spectrum. Finally, we show that nonminimal derivative model in the presence of the GB term has capability to have large non-Gaussianity.

We consider a model of two-field inflation, containing an ordinary scalar field and a DBI field. We work beyond the slow-roll approximation, but we assume a separable Hubble parameter. We then derive the form of potential in this framework and study the spectrum of the primordial perturbations in details. We also study the amplitude of the non-Gaussianity of the primordial perturbations both in equilateral and orthogonal configurations in this setup. We test the model with recent observational data and find some constraints on the model parameters. Our study shows that for some ranges of the DBI parameter, the model is consistent with observation and it is also possible to have large non-Gaussianity which would be observable by future improvements in experiments., Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures, Accepted for Publication in PRD

The theories known as doubly special relativity are introduced in order to take into account an observer-independent length scale and the speed of light in the framework of special relativity. These theories can be generally formulated on the de Sitter and also recently proposed anti-de Sitter momentum spaces. In the context of these theories, we study the statistical mechanics and to do this, we consider the natural measure on the corresponding extended phase space. The invariant measure on the space of distinct microstates is obtained by restriction of the natural measure of the extended phase space to the physical phase space through the disintegration theorem. Having the invariant measure, one can study the statistical mechanics in an arbitrary ensemble for any doubly special relativity theory. We use the constructed setup to study the statistical properties of four doubly special relativity models. Applying the results to the case of early universe thermodynamics, we show that one of these models that is defined by the cosmological coordinatization of anti-de Sitter momentum space, implies a finite total number of microstates. Therefore, without attribution to any ensemble density and quite generally, we obtain entropy and internal energy bounds for the early radiation dominated universe. We find that while these results cannot be supported by the standard Friedmann equations, they indeed are in complete agreement with the nonsingular effective Friedmann equations that arise in the context of loop quantum cosmology., 10 two column pages, no figures, typos corrected

We study tachyon field inflation in the light of the Planck+WMAP+BICEP2+BAO joint data. While the minimally coupled tachyon field inflation is consistent with the Planck2013 data, it is not confirmed by the Planck+WMAP+BICEP2+BAO dataset. However, a nonminimally coupled tachyon field inflation is consistent with this joint dataset., Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, Accepted by PRD for Publication

We study the inflation in a model with a Gauss-Bonnet term which is non-minimally coupled to a DBI field. We study the spectrum of the primordial perturbations in detail. The non-Gaussianity of this model is considered and the amplitude of the non-Gaussianity is studied in both the equilateral and orthogonal configurations. By taking various functions of the DBI field, inflaton potential and the Gauss-Bonnet coupling term, we test the model with observational data and find some constraints on the Gauss-Bonnet coupling parameter., Comment: 31 pages, 6 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. D

We study inflation, perturbations, non-gaussinity and late-time cosmological dynamics of a tachyon field both minimally and non-minimally coupled to gravity. By analyzing the parameters space of the model, the viability of the model in confrontation with recent observational data is considered. In a dynamical system technique, we study the phase space dynamics of both minimally and non-minimally coupled tachyon field. We find the fixed points (lines in our setup) and explore their stability. Also, we perform a statefinder diagnostic to both cases and show that the trajectories of the state finder pairs reach a stable state which is corresponding to a $\Lambda$CDM scenario., Comment: 33 pages, 25 figures, Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D